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cerv spine flex normal value
50
cerv spine ext normal value
60
cerv spine rot normal value
80
cerv spine lat flex normal value
45
shld flex normal
180
shld ext normal value
60
shld abd normal value
180
shld ir normal value
70
shld er normal value
90
thoracolumbar spine flex normal value
4 in
thoracolumbar spine lat flex normal value
35
thoracolumbar spine rot normal value
45
elbow flex normal value
150
elbow ext normal value
0
radioulnar sup normal value
80
radioulnar pro normal value
80
wrist flex normal value
80
wrist ext normal value
70
radial dev normal value
20
ulnar dev normal value
30
hip flex normal value
120
hip ext normal value
20
hip abd normal value
45
hip add normal value
30
hip ir normal value
45
hip er normal value
45
knee flex normal value
135
knee ext normal value
0
DF normal value
20
PF normal value
50
calc inv normal value
30
calc ev normal value
20
cerv spine flex/ext fulcrum
EAM
cerv spine rot fulcrum
over dens - lined up w/ mastoid processes + nose
cerv spine lat flex fulcrum
C7
shld flex/ext fulcrum
lat acromion
shld abd fulcrum
ant acromion
shld ir/er fulcrum
olecranon
thoracolumbar distraction points (2)
C7 + S2
thoracolumbar spine lat flex fulcrum
S2
elbow flex/ext fulcrum
lat epicondyle
radioulnar pro/sup fulcrum
line between styloid processes (but technically no fulcrum)
wrist flex/ext fulcrum
triquetrum - use ulnar styloid to find
rad/ulnar dev fulcrum
capitate - use 3 ray to find
hip flex/ext fulcrum
greater trochanter - squish the bug to find
hip abd/add fulcrum
ASIS
hip er/ir fulcrum
patella
knee flex/ext fulcrum
lat epicondyle
PF/DF fulcrum
lat malleolus
calc inv/ev fulcrum
between malleoli
cerv spine flex/ext arms
prox: perpendicular to ground
dist: base of nares
cerv spine rot arms
prox: line between acromion
dist: tip of nose
cerv spine lat flex arms
prox: perpendicular to ground
dist: ext occipital protuberance
shld flex/ext arms
prox: midline of thorax
dist: humerus
shld abd arms
prox: parallel w/ midline of thorax
dist: humerus
shld ir/er arms
prox: perpendicular to ground
dist: forearm
thoracolumbar lat flex arms
prox: perpendicular to ground
dist: spinous processes
thoracolumbar rot arms
prox: parallel to line of iliac crests
dist: line between acromions
elbow flex/ext arms
prox: lat midline of humerus - use acromion
dist: midline of radius - use styloid process
elbow pro/sup arms
prox: ant midline of humerus
dist: across styloid processes
wrist flex/ext arms
prox: lat midline ulna - use olecranon
dist: parallel to 5th MC
wrist rad/uln dev arms
prox: midline of forearm
dist: midline of 3rd MC
hip flex/ext arms
prox: midline of trunk
dist: line to lat epicondyle
hip abd/add arms
prox: horizontal line between ASIS’s
dist: ant midline of femur - use patella
hip ir/er arms
prox: perpendicular to ground
dist: ant midline of leg - use tib tuberosity
knee f;ex/ext arms
prox: lat midline of femur - use greater trochanter
dist: lat midline of fibula - use lat malleolus
ankle DF/PF arms
prox: line to head of fibula
dist: parallel w/ 5th MC
calc inv/ev arms
prox: midline of calf - use malleoli
dist: midline of calcaneous
cerv spine flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
cerv spine rot plane + axis
transverse, sup/inf
cerv spine lat flex plane + axis
frontal, ant/post
shld flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
shld abd plane + axis
frontal, ant/post
shld ir/er plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat (in testing position)
thoracolumbar flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
thoracolumbar lat flex plane + axis
frontal, ant/post
thoracolumbar rot plane + axis
transverse, sup/inf
elbow flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
radioulnar pro/sup plane + axis
frontal, ant/post (in testing position)
wrist flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
rad/uln dev plane + axis
transverse, sup/inf (in testing position, normally frontal)
hip flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
hip abd/add plane + axis
frontal, ant/post
hip ir/er plane + axis
transverse, sup/inf
knee flex/ext plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
DF/PF plane + axis
sagittal, med/lat
calc inv/ev plane + axis
frontal, ant/post
cerv spine flex arthrokinematics
ant roll, post glide
cerv spine ext arthrokinematics
post roll, ant glide
cerv spine rot arthrokinematics
ipsilat sup facet: sup + ant
ipsilat inf facet: inf + post
on contralat side, this is flipped
spinous process toward convexity
shld flex/ext arthrokinematics
spin (sup roll, inf glide)
shld abd arthrokinematics
sup roll, inf glide
shld ir arthrokinematics
in testing position: spin
in ana pos: ant roll, post glide
shld er arthrokinematics
in testing position: spin
in ana pos: post roll, ant glide
thoracolumbar spine arthrokinematics
ipsilat sup facet: sup + ant
ipsilat inf facet: inf + post
on contralat side, this is flipped
spinous process rotates toward concavity
elbow flex arthrokinematics
hum-uln: ant roll, ant glide
hum-rad: ant roll, ant glide
(OKC)
elbow ext arthrokinematics
hum-uln: post roll, post glide
hum-rad: post roll, post glide
(OKC)
radiouln sup arthrokinematics
sup rad-uln: ant roll, post glide
inf rad-uln: ant roll, ant glide
hum-rad: spin
radiouln pro arthrokinematics
sup rad-uln: post roll, ant glide
inf rad-uln: post roll, post glide
hum-rad: spin
wrist flex arthrokinematics
volar roll, dorsal glide