Functions of B Vitamins and Their Coenzymes

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Last updated 5:45 AM on 8/1/26
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8 Terms

1
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Thiamine (B1)

Coenzyme: Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) or cocarboxylase;

Function: Oxidative decarboxylation; active aldehyde carrier.

2
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Riboflavin (B2)

Coenzymes: Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin dinucleotide (FAD);

Function: Hydrogen carrier.

3
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Niacin (B3)

Coenzymes: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NAD phosphate (NADP); Triphosphopyridine nucleotide

Function: Hydrogen carrier.

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Pyridoxine (B6)

Coenzyme: Pyridoxal phosphate;

Function: Transaminases and amino acid decarboxylases.

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Pantothenic Acid (B5)

Coenzyme: Coenzyme A (CoA);

Function: Acetyl or other acetyl group transfer; fatty acids, acetoacetic acids, and synthesis and oxidation.

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Biotin (B7)

Coenzyme: Biotin;

Function: CO2 transfer.

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Folic Acid (B9)

Coenzyme: Tetrahydrofolic acid;

Function: One-carbon transfer; synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.

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Cyanocobalamin (B12)

Coenzyme: Cobalamide;

Function: Group transfer.