Lower limb origins + insertions

origin + insertion of psoas major

origins - transverse process of L1-L5

vertebral bodies of T12-L4

lateral surfaces of intervertebral discs

insertion - lesser trochanter

primary movements of psoas major

hip flexion

external rotation of thigh

trunk flexion

lateral flexion of trunk

postural stability

origin + insertion of iliacus

origin - iliac fossa of iliac wing

insertion - lesser trochanter

primary movements of iliacus

hip flexion

external rotation of thigh

trunk flexion/anterior pelvic tilt

origin + insertion of gluteus medius

origin - posterior (gluteal) surface of ilium

insertion - greater trochanter

primary movements of gluteus medius

hip abduction

hip flexion (anterior fibres)

internal rotation (anterior fibres)

hip abduction (middle fibres)

assisting pelvic tilt (middle fibres)

assisting extension (posterior fibres)

assisting with external rotation (posterior fibres)

origin + insertion of gluteus maximus

origin - posterior (gluteal) surface of ilium

posterior superior iliac crest

sacrum

coccyx

insertion - iliotibial tract

gluteal tuberosity (of femur)

primary movements of gluteus maximus

hip extension

origin + insertion of adductor longus

origin - anterior surface of pubis

insertion - middle third of linea aspera of femur

primary movements of adductor longus

hip adduction

origin + insertion of sartorius

origin - anterior superior iliac spine

insertion - medial aspect of proximal tibia

primary movements of sartorius

hip flexion

hip abduction

external rotation

origin + insertion of vastus medialis

origins - lower, medial half of intertrochanteric line of femur

medial lip of linea aspera of femur

insertion - patella tendon into tibial tuberosity

primary movements of vastus medialis

knee extension

origin + insertion of vastus intermedius

origin - anterior + lateral surfaces of body of femur

insertion - patella tendon into tibial tuberosity

primary movements of vastus intermedius

knee extension

origin + insertion of vastus lateralis

origin - intertrochnateric line

greater trochanter

gluteal tuberosity

lateral lip of linea aspera

insertion - patella tendon into tibial tuberosity

primary movements of vastus lateralis

knee extension

origin + insertion of rectus femoris

origin - anterior inferior iliac spine

insertion - patella tendon into tibial tuberosity

primary movements of rectus femoris

knee extension

origin + insertion of biceps femoris

origin - lower medial ischial tuberosity (long head)

lateral linea aspera (short head)

insertion - head of fibula

lateral tibial condyle

primary movements of biceps femoris

knee flexion

origin + insertion of semitendinosus

origin - ischial tuberosity

insertion - medial aspect of proximal tibia

primary movements of semitendinosus

knee flexion

origin + insertion of semimembranosus

origin - ischial tuberosity

insertion - medial tibial condyle

primary movements of semimembranosus

knee flexion

origin + insertion of peroneus longus

origin - head + lateral surface of fibula

insertion - plantar surface of medial cuneiform

base of first metatarsal

primary movements of peroneus longus

eversion of foot

plantar flexion

origin + insertion of peroneus brevis

origin - lateral surface of fibula

insertion - tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

primary movements of peroneus brevis

foot eversion

origin + insertion of gastrocnemius

origin - medial + lateral condyles of femur

insertion - posterior surface of calcaneus via achilles tendon

primary movements of gastrocnemius

plantar flexion

origin + insertion of soleus

origin - head + upper third of posterior surface of fibula

medial border of tibia

soleal line

tendinous arch spanning between tibia + fibula

insertion - posterior surface of calcaneus

primary movement of soleus

plantar flexion

origin + insertion of tibialis anterior

origin - upper two thirds of lateral surface of tibia + adjacent interosseous membrane

insertion - medial cuneiform

base of first metatarsal

primary movements of tibialis anterior

dorsi flexion

foot inversion

origin + insertion of tibialis posterior

origin - upper two thirds of posterior surface of tibia

upper two third of medial posterior surface of fibula

insertion - tuberosity of navicular + medial cuneiform

intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid, bases of 2nd, 3rd + 4th metatarsals

primary movements of tibialis posterior

foot inversion

plantar flexion