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Annexation

Legally adding area to a city in the

United States

Central Business District

The area of a city where retail and

office activities are clustered

Central city (city)

An urban settlement that has been

legally incorporated into an

independent, self-governing unit

known as a municipality

Concentric zone model

A model of the internal structure of

cities in which social groups are

spatially arranged in a series of rings

Density gradient

The change in density in an urban

area from the center to the

periphery.

Edge city

A large node of office and retail

activities on the edge of an urban

area.

Filtering

The process of change in the use of a

house, from single-family owner

occupancy, to apartments to

abandonment

Informal settlement

An area within a city in a less

developed country in which people

illegally establish residences on land

they do not own or rent and erect

homemade structures.

Megalopolis

A continuous urban complex in the northeastern United States

Micropolitan statistical area

An urbanized area of between 10,000

and 50,000 inhabitants, the country

in which it is located, and adjacent

counties tied to the city.

Multiple nuclei model

A model of the internal structure of

cities in which social groups are

arranged around a collection of

nodes of activities.

Peripheral model (Galatic)

A model of North American urban

areas consisting of an inner city

surrounded by large suburban

residential and business areas tied

together by a beltway or ring road.

Public housing

Government owned housing rented

to low-income individuals, with rents

set at 30 percent of the tenant’s

income.

Redlining

A process by which financial

institutions draw red-colored lines on

a map and refuse to lend money for

people to purchase or improve

property within that line.

Rush hour

The four consecutive 15 minute

periods in the morning and evening

with the heaviest volume of traffic.

Sector model

A model of the internal structure of

cities in which social groups are

arranged around a series of sectors,

or wedges, radiating out from the

central business district.

Smart growth

Legislation and regulations to limit

suburban sprawl and preserve farm

land.

Sprawl

Development of new housing sites at

relatively low density and at locations

that are not contiguous to the

existing built up area

Suburb

A residential or commercial area

situated within an urban area but

outside the central city

Sustainable development

Development that meets the needs

of the present without compromising

the ability of future generations to

meet their own needs.

Underclass

A group in society prevented from

participating in the material benefits

of a more developed society because

of a variety of social and economic

characteristics.

Zoning ordinance

A law that limits the permitted uses

of land and maximum density of

development in a communit

Gentrification

A process of converting an urban

neighborhood from a predominantly

low income, renter-occupied area to

a predominantly middle-class, owner

occupied area.

Metropolitan statistical area

In the US, an urbanized area of a
least 50,000 population, the country
within which the city is located, and
adjacent counties meeting one of
several tests including a functional
connection to the central city.