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What is the symbol for proton?

p+ (Positive)

Where is the proton located

Nucleus of an atom

What is a protons electrostatic charge?

Positive

What is the mass of a proton?

1 amu (atomic mass unit)

1.66 x 10(-24)g

What is the symbol for neutron?

n (with an exponent of 0)

Where is the neutron located in an atom?

nucleus

What is the mass of a neutron?

1 amu (atomic mass unit)

What is the charge of a neutron?

neutral (no charge)

What is the symbol for electron?

e- (negative)

Where is the electron located?

- outside the nucleus
- shells
- orbits
- energy levels
- large cloud around the nucleus that fill the SPACE of an atom

What is the charge of an electron?

negative

What is the mass of an electron?

no mass (1/1840th AMU)

Where are the # of protons located on the periodic table

Atomic #

How do you find the neutrons on the periodic table?

Atomic Mass - Mass #

How do you find the electrons on the periodic table?

Atomic #

John Dalton Model and features

- Small spheres with different shapes and colors
- invisible
- Atoms of an element are all identical in properties
-different elements contain differing properties
- different ratios combine to make new substances

JJ Thomson model of the atom

JJ Thomson Model Features

- Smaller subatomic particles in different combinations make different elements

- A sphere with a positive charge

- Negative particles embedded inside (electrons)

Ernest Rutherford Model

Ernest Rutherford Features

- Dense positively charged core (nucleus)
- Atom is mainly empty space
- Nucleus is 1/10,000 the size of an atom

Niels Bohr Model

Features of Niels Bohr Model

- Electrons surround the nucleus in specific energy levels
- Electrons release light colours of different energy levels
- Electrons can not fall below the lowest energy level

Schrodinger ( Quantum Mechanical Model)

Features of Schrodinger Quantum Mechanical Model

- A cloud of negative charges electrons occupy a whole space at different energy levels
- A nucleus containing both protons and neutrons
- The nucleus has a positive charge as the neutrons have no charge

What is the difference between mass number and average atomic mass?

- The atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
- Whereas the average atomic mass is used to calculate a weighted average of each isotope, to give the overall average atomic mass

All isotopes of an element will have the same _______________ properties

chemical

What to remember for calculating average atomic mass

- Round at End
- Answer either tenth or hundreth
- Make sure when u convert percent to a decimal its in the same decimal place

where the family/groups on the periodic table

where are the periods on the periodic table

horizontal rows

Where are metals on the periodic table?

left of staircase

Where or non metals on the periodic table

right of staircase

Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?

Where are the alkaline earth metals?

Group 2

where are the alkaline metals

group 1

where are the noble gases

group 8/18

Where are the halogens located?

group 7/17

Process of ion formation

Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons in order to fulfill the octet rule and have full outer valence electron shells.

8 is great!

metals form __________

cations (+)

non-metals form ___________

anions (-)

what does isoelectronic mean?

Ions that share the same amount of electrons as a noble gas

The neutral atoms of all the isotopes of the same element have

the same number of electrons

most reactive group on periodic table

alkali metals (group 1)

least reactive group on periodic table

noble gases (group 18/8)

most reactive non metal

Fluorine (F)

most reactive metal

Francium (Fr)

What is a physical change?

A physical change that does not change the chemical makeup of a substance but only the appearance of the substance.

the subatomic particles found at the centre of an atom are

protons and neutrons

the charge of the centre of an atom is

positive

elements in the same groups have

same amount of valence electrons

Elements in the same period have

same number of electron shells/energy levels

what does a nuclear notation look like?

or (element name)-(mass)

Chemical Change

change to a substance that always results in the formation of a different substance or substances