AP Lectures 3-4

Keep going.

Endocytosis

Bringing large amount of molecules into the cell. Requires ATP

Exocytosis

Process of expelling materials from a cell. Involves vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane.

Active Transport

Requiring ATP. The movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient.

Passive Transport

No energy needed. High to low concentration.

Types of Active Transport

Diffusion, Filtration, Facilitated, Osmosis.

Osmosis

movement of water molecules.

Diffusion

lipids and gasses. small particles move from high to low

filtration

pressure pushes liquid through a filter. how substances leave the body through our kidneys

facilitated diffusion

how substances use protein to get large and charged molecules across membrane

Epithelial Tissue

A body tissue that covers external surfaces, lines internal cavities and organs, and forms secretory glands.

Simple Squamish Epithelium

Thin, flat cells that allow things to pass through easily.

lungs diffusion

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Cube-shaped cells that absorb and secrete substances.

secretion, kindeys, glands

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Tall cells that absorb nutrients and secrete mucus.

found in digestive system

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Many layers of flat cells that protect against damage.

-skin - protection

Osseous Tissue

Bone

Adipose Tissue

Fat

Cartilage

A firm, flexible, and avascular connective tissue containing chondrocytes embedded in a rubbery extracellular matrix that cushions joints and supports structures like the nose and ears.

Dermis- connective

Middle layer of skin made of fibroblast- collagen and elastin

Muscles

Skeletal, voluntary. Cardiac, involuntary. Smooth, involuntary

Epidermis-epithelial

Top layer of skin. nail, hair, and oils. keratinacyte and melanocyte

hypodermis-connective

lowest level of skin. subq. ataposte

Nervous

neurons- transmit electricity or signals

Cutaneous membane

skin on outside

mucous membrane

inside body. lines organs. like respiratory, digestive and reproductive system.

serous membrane

internal organs.

vicera-

internal organ

Parietal

layer that lines the wall of body cavity

Visceral

Layer that covers the organs. lower then parietal.

skin functions

Protections, Secretion, Thermal regulation, Sensory

How do we regulate our body temperature?

blood vessels and sweat glands.

Sebaceous

Sebum - oil glands

Sudiferous

Sweat - cooling off

Eccrine and apocrine

Mammary

Milk galnds

Cerominous

Cerumen- ear wax gland

Main Cells of Epidermis

Melanocytes and Keratinocyte

What layer of the skin undergoes fibroblast?

Dermis

The Cells that make up the Dermis layer

Collagen and Elastin

Apocrine

from armpit and genitials

Aerobic

with o2

Waste product co2

Anerobic

Without O2

Waste protic is lactic acid

What are connective tissues?

Bones, Fat, Cartilage, Blood, Dermis

Building Block for Proteins

Amino Acids

-hemoglobin

-enzymes

-melanin -collagen -keratin - elastin

Building Blocks for Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides- glucose

Disaccharides- sucrose

Polysaccharides- Glycogen

The building block for Lipids

Fatty Acids

-Phospholipids -cell membrane

-Steroids - hormones

-Triglycerides -fat energy

What is the storage form in humans?

Glycogen

What is created when the body uses protein for energy

Ammonia is created

What is the waste product of Protien

Urea