Scientific Method Review Quiz Cards

Independent variable

The factor in an experiment that is intentionally changed or manipulated by the experimenter.

Dependent variable

The factor in an experiment that is measured or observed to see how it responds to changes.

Control group

The standard group in an experiment that does not receive the experimental treatment, used for comparison.

Experimental group

The group in an experiment that receives the variable or condition being tested.

Constant

A condition or variable in an experiment that is kept identical across all testing groups to ensure a fair test.

Hypothesis

A testable prediction or proposed explanation for an observation, often written in an 'If…, then…' format.

Biology

The scientific study of life and living organisms.

Homeostasis

The process by which an organism maintains a stable, balanced internal environment despite external changes.

Stimulus

A signal or change in an organism's environment that causes a reaction.

Response

An action or behavioral change triggered by a stimulus.

Asexual reproduction

A process of reproduction involving a single parent that produces offspring genetically identical to itself.

Sexual reproduction

A process of reproduction involving two parents combining genetic information to produce genetically unique offspring.

Unicellular

An organism consisting of only one single cell.

Multicellular

An organism composed of many specialized cells working together.

DNA

The molecule that stores genetic information required for an organism to grow, function, and reproduce.

Metabolism

The combination of all chemical processes through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials to carry out life functions.

Evolution

The change in genetic characteristics of a population or species over successive generations.

Eight characteristics of life

1. Made of one or more cells
2. Based on a universal genetic code (DNA)
3. Obtain and use materials and energy (metabolism)
4. Grow and develop
5. Reproduce
6. Respond to their environment (stimulus and response)
7. Maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis)
8. Change over time as a group (evolution)