Med Term Chapter 12

Anorexia

Loss of appetite

Aphagia

Inability to swallow

Ascites

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Buccal

In the cheek

Diarrhea

frequent liquid stools

Constipation

dry stool that is difficult to pass caused by inefficient bowel movements

Dyspepsia

Indigestion

Dysphagia

Difficultly in swallowing

Eructation

Belch

Flatulence

Gas in stomach or intestines

Halitosis

Bad breath

Hematemesis

Vomiting blood

Hematochezia

Red blood in stool

Hepatomegaly

Enlargement of liver

Hyperbilimibinemia

Excessive level of bilirubin

Icterus

Yellow discoloration of the skin caused by excessive bilirubin

Jaundice

Yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and other tissues caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood

Melena

dark stool caused by old blood

Nausea

Feeling sick in the stomach

Steatorrhea

Feces containing fat

Sublingual

Under the tongue

Hypoglossal

Under the tongue

Anklyoglossia

defect of tongue, tongue tie

Cheilitis

Inflammation of lip

Esophageal varices

twisted veins in esophagus

Esophagitis

Inflammation of esophagus

Gastritis

Inflammation of stomach

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)

Backflow of contents of stomach into esophagus

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gums

Glossitis

Inflammation of tongue

Parotiditis/parotitis

Inflammation of parotid gland; mumps

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

sore on mucous membrane of gi tract

Gastric ulcer

Ulcer located in stomach

Duodenal ulcer

Ulcer located in duodenum

Pyloric stenosis

Narrowed condition of pylorus

Sialoadenitis

Inflammation of salivary gland

Stomatitis

Inflammation of mouth

Anal fistula

Abnormal, tube-like passageway from anus that may connect with rectum

Appendicitis

Inflammation of appendix

Colitis

Inflammation of the colon (large intestine)

Ulcerative colitis

Chronic inflammation of colon with ulcerations

Colorectal polyps

benign tissue growth on mucous membrane lining large intestine and rectum

Pediculated polyp

Projected on a stalk

Sessile polyp

Lying flat on the surface

Diverticulum

Abnormal side pocket in gastrointestinal tract

Diverticulosis

Presence of diverticula in GI tract, especially the colon

Diverticulitis

Inflammation of diverticula

Dysentery

Inflammation of intestine characterized by frequent, bloody stools; most often caused by bacteria or protozoa

Enteritis

Inflammation of small intestine characterized by

Hemorrhoid

twisted vein in anal region

Hernia

Protrusion of a part from its normal location

Hiatal hernia

Protrusion of a part of the stomach upward through opening in diaphragm

Inguinal hernia

protrusion of intenstine through inguinal area

Incarcerated hernia

Swollen and fixed within a sac, causing an obstruction

Strangulated hernia

Hernia that is constricted, cut off from circulation, and likely to become gangrenous

Umbilical hernia

Protrusion of intestine through weakness in abdominal wall around umbilicus

Ileitis

Inflammation of the lower portion of the small intestine

Intussusception

Prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen

Peritonitis

Inflammation of peritoneum

Proctitis

Inflammation of rectum and anus

Volvulus

Twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction

Cholangitis

Inflammation of bile ducts

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of gallbladder

Choledocholithiasis

Presence of stones in common bile duct

Cholelithiasis

Presence of stones in gallbladder/bile ducts

Cirrhosis

Chronic disease characterized by degeneration of liver tissue

Hepatitis

Inflammation of liver

Hepatitis A

Inflammation of liver caused by HAV

Hepatitis B

Inflammation of liver caused by HBV

Hepatitis C

Inflammation of liver caused by HCV which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood

Pancreatitis

Inflammation of pancreas