3.1.1 monomer and polymers

Monomer

Single smaller units which create larger molecules

Polymer

Molecules formed by lots of smaller repeating monomer units bonded together

True or false glucose is hexose sugar

True

Why do monomers and polymers matter?

Glucose monomers form starch cellulose and glycogen polymers

Amino acid monomers form protein polymers

Nucleotide monomers form DNA and RNA polymers

Carbohydrate formula and bonding

CH2O, C-H-OH

Three types of carbohydrates

Monosaccharides disaccharides and polysaccharides

Monosaccharide definition

Single carbohydrate unit which cannot be hydrolysed to any simpler carbohydrate

Monosaccharide types

Glucose fructose galactose

Disaccharide types

Sucrose lactose maltose

Disaccharide definition

Glucose dimer formed by two monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic bonds due to a condensation reaction

True or false, you don't have to say the specific glucose monomers that make up a specific disaccharide when asked in a question

False

Glucose formula

C6H12O6

How many types of glucose are there?

Two (alpha and beta)

Isomer definition

Molecules with the

a)same molecular formula

b) different structure

Alpha glucose diagram

Beta glucose diagram

Pneumonic for diagrams

LO

BODY

ARMS

HAT

HOOH ARE YOU

Polysaccharide definition

Carbohydrate polymers formed by the linking of many monosaccharides monomer units via glycosidic bonds due to many condensation reactions

types of polysaccharides

starch, glycogen, cellulose