Basic Stat Formulas

Sample Mean

Sample Variance

Standard Error

Coefficient of Skewness

Coefficient of Kurtosis

Sample Covariance

Sample Correlation

ex poste decisions

a choice policy or calculation made after a event has occured based on real data

ex ante choices in stat

choice made before a event occurs - based on forecast, probabilities…

Theoretical Reasoning in Statisitics

True Population quantities

Empirical Reasoning in Stat

Estimated … (sample size for population)

GDP tends to grow at what Kind of Rate

Relative constant Rate

Time Series Data

sequence of data chronolgically ordered

cross-sectional data

observation for multiple different thing like houses with income, and location furthermore all are collected at the same time.

Panel Data

Multi Dimensional data over a longitude period of time meaning taking cross section data over multiple time periods and graphing it