Tortures under martial law

Electric Shock

one of the frequently used techniques.
Usually, the electric wires were attached
to the fingers and the genitalia of the
victim. Sometimes, wires were attached
to the arms and the head.

San Juanico Bridge

the victim lies between two beds and if his
or her body falls or sags, the victim will be
beaten.

Truth Serum

injected into the victim to make the
victim "talk."

Russian Roulette

the victim is forced to aim a revolver with
a bullet at his or her own head and then
pull the trigger.

Beating

another favorite technique where a group
of soldiers would beat manacled victims
with "fists, kicks, and karate blows.

Pistol-Whipping

beating with rifle butts.

Strangulation

done by hand, electric wire, and steel bar.

Pepper Torture

a concentrated peppery substance is
placed on the lips and genitals.

Flat Iron burns

a flat iron is used on the body of the
victim.

Water Cure

another favorite technique. Huge
amounts of water would be forced into
the victim's mouth, and by beating;,
water would be forced out.

Animal Treatment

victims are manacled and caged like
beasts. Food is given under iron grills and
detainees eat without even knowing what
the food is for there are no lights in the
cell.

Gender and Sex

Are often used interchangeable in spite of
the growing advocacy on gender equality

Biological Sex

Is the inherent physical anatomy

Gender

The state of being male or female and is
typically used with reference to social
and cultural differences

Gender Identity

The internal sense of self as male or
female

Gender Roles

Are the expectations that society places
on its members including expected and
assigned activities which pose
implications on jobs and opportunities
that a person may have

Eleonor R. Dionisio

Stated that the socialization of a person
into gender starts from the time a child is
born

Judith Lorber

States that a child is taught into
masculinity or femininity when a child
starts to learn, he or she moves in a
gendered manner

Oakley and Ruth Harley Oakley

There are four key points in the process of
socialization into gender roles according
to them

Manipulation

This includes the use of diverse
physical and verbal
manipulations

Canalization

Where in this process, the
attention of the child is directed
towards gender-appropriate
objects

Verbal Appellation

Pertains to the use of verbal
descriptions for what boys or girls
are and what is expected of them,
such as ‘girls are prim and proper’
or ‘boys are brave and strong’.

Activity Exposure

This process involves the
orientation into
gender-appropriate tasks

Gender identity

is the person's innermost concept or
perception of self as male or female, or
both or neither.

Gender expression

is the process of how a person
communicates his Or her gender identity
to others through behavior, clothing,
haircut, voice, and other forms of
expression.

Gender role

is the set of roles, activities, expectations,
and behaviors assigned to females and
males by society.

Transgender

refers to a person whose gender identity
does not match his or her assigned birth
gender.

Sexual orientation

refers to being romantically or sexually
attracted to a person of a specific gender.

Gender normative/Cisgender

refers to people whose sex assignment at
birth corresponds to their gender identity
and expression.

Gender fluidity

conveys a wider, more flexible range of
gender expression, with interests and
behaviors that may even change from
day to day.

Asexual

pertains to a person who is not sexually
attracted to others or is not interested in
sex.

Bi-gendered

refers to person who identifies
themselves as having both a "male" and
"female" side to their personality.

Bisexual

refers to a person who is attracted to both
men and women.

Closeted or in the closet

refers to a person who is hiding his or her
sexual orientation.

Coming-out

pertains to the process by which lesbians,
gay men, and bisexual people recognize,
acknowledge, accept, and typically
appreciate their sexual identities.

Gay

refers to a person whose emotional,
romantic, and sexual attractions are
primarily for individuals of the same sex.

LGBT

an acronym, that stands for "Lesbian,
Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender." Other
versions may add "O" for Queer or
Questioning, “I” for Intersex, and "A" for
Allied.

Intersex

refers to a person who is born with
physical sex markers (genitals,
hormones, gonads, or chromosomes)
that is neither clearly male nor female.

Lesbian

refers to a woman whose emotional,
romantic, and sexual attraction is
primarily for other women or girls.

Queer

is a term that describes people who
transgress culturally imposed norms of
heterosexuality and gender
traditionalism.

Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS)

is a procedure that physically transforms
the genitals using plastic surgery.