The Gen Chem 1 defeater

Acetate

C2H2O2 net charge:-1

Electrons obey quantum theory so they

Behave like particles and waves

Positive heat transfer makes the reaction

Endothermic

Negative heat transfer makes the reaction

Exothermic

Fireworks produce different colors because

Of the quantized energy emitted by electrons from different elements

Ammonium

NH4 net charge:+1

Convert before equation

Convert before equation

Use all information to find what you need to multiply/divide by to get your true answer

Use all information to find what you need to multiply/divide by to get your true answer

Arsenate

AsO4 net charge:-3

Arsenite

AsO3 net charge:-3

Azide

N3 net charge:-1

Benzoate

C7H5O2 net charge:-1

Borate

BO3 net charge:-3

Bromate

BrO3 net charge:-1

Carbonate

CO3 net charge:-2

Always soluble

Nitritates, Acetates(CHO), Group 1, Sulfates, ammonium(NH), Group 17-except for lead(Pb), mercury(Hg2), silver(Ag)

Chlorate

ClO3 net charge: -1

Salt

Anion of an acid and cation of a base

Chlorite

ClO2 net charge:-1

Chromate

CrO4 net charge:-2

Cyanide

CN net charge:-1

Dichromate

Cr2O7 net charge:-2

Dihydrogen phosphate

H2PO4 net charge:-1

Dihydrogen phosphite

H2PO3 net charge:-1

Hydrogen carbonate

HCO3 net charge:-1

Hydrogen phosphate

HPO4 net charge:-2

Hydrogen phosphite

HPO3 net charge:-2

Hydrogen Sulfate

HSO4 net charge:-1

Pressure and Temperature changing outcome

Pressure does the opposite(halving the pressure doubles the outcome) temperature does the same(halving the temperature halves the outcome)

Hydrogen Sulfide

HS net charge:-1

Hydrogen Sulfite

HSO3 net charge:-1

Hydroxide

OH net charge:-1

Hypochlorite

ClO net charge:-1

Iodate

IO3 net charge:-1

Manganate

MnO4 net charge:-2

Nitrate

NO3 net charge:-1

Nitrite

NO2 net charge:-1

Oxalate

C2O4 net charge:-2

Perchlorate

ClO4 net charge:-1

Permanganate

MnO4 net charge:-1

Peroxide

O2 net charge:-2

Phosphate

PO4 net charge:-3

Phosphite

PO3 net charge:-3

Silicate

SiO3 net charge:-2

Sulfite

SO3 net charge:-2

Tartrate

C4H4O6 net charge:-2

Thiocyanate

SCN net charge:-1

Thiosulfate

S2O3 net charge:-2

Sulfate

SO4 net charge:-2

Perchloric acid

HClO4

Sodium hydroxide

NaOH

Non polyatomic exceptions must in reaction

Must have a charge of zero(example 2NaOH + H2SO4—>Na2SO4 +2H2O)

Acid-base and neutralization reactions don’t always produce

Salt and/or water

A deuterium ion…

Becomes a positive ion when it loses an electron

1 pascal

1/1000 Kilo pascal, 1 N/m³(SI equivalent), 1.45038×10^-4 psi, 1×10^-5 bar

1 psi

6,894.76 pascal, 0.0689476 bar

1 bar

100,000 pascal, 14.5038 psi

1 atm

101,325 pascal, 14.696 psi, 1.01325 bar

1 mmHg/Torr

133.322 pascal, 0.019337 psi

Pa means

Pascal

Oxidizing agents

Gain electrons, and make other atoms lose electrons

Reducing agents

Lose electrons, and make other atoms gain electrons

Reduce means to

Gain electrons

Oxidizing means

Losing electrons

Molarity

Moles of solution/Liters of solution