AP Physics 1 Equations Kinematics, Dynamics, Energy

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Last updated 12:51 AM on 9/22/26
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24 Terms

1
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Definition of Average Velocity

∆x = Change in Distance [m]

t = Elapsed Time [s]

<p>∆x = Change in Distance [m]</p><p>t = Elapsed Time [s]</p>
2
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Definition of Acceleration

∆v = Change in Velocity [m/s]

t = Time [s]

<p>∆v = Change in Velocity [m/s]</p><p>t = Time [s]</p>
3
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Velocity of an Object as a Function of Time (1 star)

∆x = displacement [m]

v₀ = Initial Velocity [m/s]

t = Time [s]

a = Acceleration [m/s^2]

<p>∆x = displacement [m] </p><p>v₀ = Initial Velocity [m/s]</p><p>t = Time [s]</p><p>a = Acceleration [m/s^2]</p>
4
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Displacement of an Object as a Function of Time (2 star)

v₀ = Initial Velocity [m/s]

t = Time [s]

a = Acceleration [m/s^2]

<p>v₀ = Initial Velocity [m/s]</p><p>t = Time [s]</p><p>a = Acceleration [m/s^2]</p>
5
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Velocity as a Function Without Time (3 star)

v₀ = Initial Velocity

a = Acceleration

∆x = Distance

<p>v₀ = Initial Velocity</p><p>a = Acceleration</p><p>∆x = Distance</p>
6
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Newton's 2nd Law

The net force on a system is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration

<p>The net force on a system is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration</p>
7
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Force of Friction

μ = Coefficient of Friction [unitless]

Fn = Normal Force

<p>μ = Coefficient of Friction [unitless]</p><p>Fn = Normal Force</p>
8
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Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation (force of gravity between objects in

G = Universal Gravity Constant (6.67 x10^-11)

m1&m2 = Masses [kg]

r = separation between centers of mass [m]

<p>G = Universal Gravity Constant (6.67 x10^-11)</p><p>m1&m2 = Masses [kg]</p><p>r = separation between centers of mass [m]</p>
9
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Centripetal Acceleration

v = Velocity [m/s]

r = Radius [m]

<p>v = Velocity [m/s]</p><p>r = Radius [m]</p>
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Kinetic Energy

m = Mass [kg]

v = Velocity [m/s]

<p>m = Mass [kg]</p><p>v = Velocity [m/s]</p>
11
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Gravitational Potential Energy

m = Mass [kg]

g = Acceleration Due to Gravity [m/s^2]

h = Height [m]

<p>m = Mass [kg]</p><p>g = Acceleration Due to Gravity [m/s^2]</p><p>h = Height [m]</p>
12
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Definition of Work

F = force doing the work [N]

d = Distance [m]

θ - angle bewteen F & d

<p>F = force doing the work [N]</p><p>d = Distance [m]</p><p>θ - angle bewteen F & d</p>
13
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Average Power

w = Work [J]

∆t = Elapsed Time [s]

<p>w = Work [J]</p><p>∆t = Elapsed Time [s]</p>
14
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Power as a Function of Force

v = Velocity [m/s]

<p>v = Velocity [m/s]</p>
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Hooke's Law

Fs = Force on Spring [N]

k = Spring Constant [ N/m]

x = stretch or compression from natural length of Spring [m]

<p>Fs = Force on Spring [N]</p><p>k = Spring Constant [ N/m]</p><p>x = stretch or compression from natural length of Spring [m]</p>
16
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Elastic Potential Energy

k = Spring Constant

x = Position of Spring

<p>k = Spring Constant</p><p>x = Position of Spring</p>
17
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Period/Frequency Relationship

T = period [s]

f = Frequency [Hz]

<p>T = period [s]</p><p>f = Frequency [Hz]</p>
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Newton's 1st Law

∑F = 0

When the net force on an object is zero, no acceleration will occur.

19
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Force of Gravity

Fg = mg

Fg - force of gravity [N]

m - mass [kg]

g - gravitational field strength [N/kg] (9.8N/kg on Earth)

20
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Newton's 2nd for Circular Motion

∑Fc=mv^2/r

in circular motion, centripetal force causes an inward centripetal acceleration

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Work - Energy Theorem

W = ∆E

In an open system,

the change in energy is equal to the work done.

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Conservation of Energy

MEi=MEf

In a closed system,

the total mechanical energy does not change

23
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Newton's 3rd Law

Every force has a "force pair" that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

<p>Every force has a "force pair" that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction</p>
24
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Velocity - Period Relation

For objects in circular motion

V = tangential velocity [m/s]

r = radius of circular path [m]

T = Period (time of 1 rotation) [s]

<p>For objects in circular motion</p><p>V = tangential velocity [m/s]</p><p>r = radius of circular path [m]</p><p>T = Period (time of 1 rotation) [s]</p>