Unit 1b Summative Bio

gamete

sex cells (egg and sperm)

Primordial soup

Where life started

Endemic species

species found in only one place

taxonomy

study of/classification of organisms

Binomial nomenclature

scientific naming Genus species

Endosymbiotic theory

states that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as free living prokaryotic bacteria were engulfed by a larger host and formed a permanent but beneficial relationship.

Directional selection

favors the extreme phenotype

Stabilizing selection

favors the average phenotype and selects against both extremes

Disruptive selection

favors both extreme phenotypes and selects against the average phenotype

frequency- dependent selection

when how common or rare a phenotype is affects its advantage

sexual selection

when a certain trait increases an organisms chances of finding a mate and reproducing

artificial selection

humans control which organisms reproduce because they have a desirable trait

direct observation

observation of smaller evolutions of organisms with shorter lifespans to observe their evolution process

population

individuals of a species living within a specific area

community

the sum of populations inhabiting a particular area

List levels of classification

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

the three domains

bacteria, archae, eukarya

6 kingdoms

archaebacteria, eubacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic

eukaryotic has a nucleus with organelles while prokaryotes have no nucleus or organelles and the DNA floats around freely in the chloroplast

what four organelles do all cells have

membrane, DNA/RNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm

Levels or organization

atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

What characteristics do all living things share? (7)

cells, homeostasis, reproduction, metabolism, growth and development, response to stimuli, hereditary and evolution