Language Development Exam 1

Phonology

The sounds, or phonemes, that make up a word

Syntax

how a word functions grammatically in a sentence

Semantics

an understanding of what a word means

Orthography

describes the letter and letters sequences, or graphemes, that represent the sounds in a word

Morphology

describes all of the parts that make up a work, including prefixes

phoneme

smallest unit of spoken language

Grapheme

the smallest written symbol or group of letters that represents a single sound (phoneme) in a language

vowels

articulated with an unobucted flow of air and virbration of the vocal cords, two common sounds

consonants

articulated with some closure of the airway, can be voiced or unvoiced most one sound

Prosody

how words are getting express (rate, rhythm, intonation, pitch, stress, pauses)

Word

A group of sounds that carry meaning

Syllables

a unit of speech organized around a vowel sound, the individual beats within a word

Onset

the first sound of a word

Rime

the vowel plus ending

utterance

a single unit of speech or a spoken statement made by one person before or after silence or a change of speaker

MLU

Mean Length of Utterance, which is a measure used by speech-language pathologists to track a child's language and grammatical development

Segment

a discrete, individual unit of sound (like a single consonant or vowel) identified in a stream of speech

Blend

a sequence of two or three adjacent consonant sounds where each individual letter sound remains audible and distinct

Articulation

how you are making a sound

placement

where our tongue is in our mouth when making a sound

voicing

how the word is being said

manner

the unique style, tone, and delivery a person uses when talking

What is the difference between a letter and a grapheme?

A letter is a symbol that is in the alphabet. A grapheme is a functional unit of writing that represents a single sound (phoneme).

What is the difference between a vowel and a constant

vowel sounds let air flow freely through an open mouth, while consonant sounds block or restrict airflow using your tongue, teeth, or lips