LET March 2023 Professional Education Practice Flashcards

Table of Specification (TOS) in Test Standardization

The structural planning blueprint required when test items are planned to guide test construction and ensure proper distribution across competencies.

Test Standardization

A formal assessment process where items are pre-planned, tryout tests are conducted, norms are developed, and uniform procedures for administration and scoring are established.

Norm Development

The phase in standardized testing where scores from representative samples are gathered to establish benchmark performance standards for score interpretation.

Test Item Planning

The foundational stage of test creation that specifically necessitates the preparation and use of a Table of Specification.

Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers (Community Duty)

The ethical mandate stating that a teacher is expected to provide leadership and initiative to actively participate in community movements for community improvement.

Community Movements for Community Improvement

Civic and educational endeavors outside the classroom where professional teachers are ethically obligated to render leadership and proactive participation.

Progressivism

The curriculum philosophy associated with John Dewey that highlights real-life learning, active student problem-solving, and democratic living.

Role of Teachers According to John Dewey

The progressivist educational stance that defines the teacher's primary function as assisting learners to think.

Assisting Learners to Think

The core instructional role of a progressivist teacher aimed at facilitating reflection, inquiry, and critical thought rather than mere competence drill.

Pre-Test and Post-Test Administration Rationale

The assessment practice of determining how much learning has been impacted by instructional delivery through the obtained score difference.

Obtained Score Difference

The numerical gain calculated between a pre-test and a post-test score that serves as direct evidence of instructional impact.

Global Literacy

A 21st-century literacy dimension addressing diversity, social justice, multiculturalism, and globalization, distinct from localized national patriotism.

Issues Addressed by Global Literacy

Key international concerns that include globalization, multiculturalism, and diversity and social justice.

Research-Based Pedagogy in K to 12

An instructional approach that uses research to supplement subject background, update information trends, and uncover new bodies of knowledge.

Least Significance of Research-Based Pedagogy

Serving merely as administrative compliance to fulfill the course curriculum requirements rather than genuinely advancing knowledge.

Semantics

The component of language that consists of vocabulary and the study of how concepts and meanings are expressed through words.

Phonology

The component of language dealing with the systematic organization and patterning of sounds.

Pragmatics

The component of language focusing on the rules governing language use in communicative social contexts.

Grammar

The formal set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given language.

Values Redirection in Narrative Assessment

The teacher intervention of analyzing a student's personal reasons and redirecting values based on moral standards via notes and personal dialogue.

Values Education as an Affective-Based Discipline

A learning discipline centered on internalized moral standards and character development rather than mechanical rote knowledge.

Honor Deliberation Error Protocol

The fair procedural requirement to correct mathematical computation errors, redeliberate the case, and award academic honors to whoever deserves the merit.

Eco-Literacy Curriculum Integration

Instructional delivery incorporating environmental scenarios and situations as culminating activities followed by interactive discussions.

Guided Mentored Classroom Teaching

A pre-service experiential learning phase where the student teacher works with a cooperating mentor acting as a 'guide on the side'.

Guide on the Side

A facilitative mentoring stance where the mentor advises and supports the mentee without dominating or spoon-feeding instructions.

Sage on Stage

A traditional, authoritative teaching stance where the instructor serves as the primary lecturer and exclusive center of knowledge.

Field Study Reflection Journal

A reflective writing artifact completed after an observation episode that focuses on learnings and insights gained during experiential exposure.

Convergent Thinking

The cognitive process of narrowing down multiple possible causes, ideas, or factors to determine a single best conclusion or explanation.

Divergent Thinking

The creative cognitive mode characterized by exploring multiple directions, fluent idea generation, and flexible variations.

Fluent Thinking

The creative thinking component involving the rapid generation of a large quantity of ideas or potential solutions.

Flexible Thinking

The cognitive capability to readily shift categories, perspectives, and approaches when solving a problem.

Ralph Tyler's Curriculum Development Model

A deductive curriculum model that begins with determining educational objectives and concludes with evaluating instructional effectiveness.

Deductive Curriculum Approach

A curriculum design framework where curriculum planners set objectives, plan learning experiences, organize them, and evaluate outcomes.

Hilda Taba's Curriculum Model

An inductive, grassroots curriculum development model that begins with diagnosing specific learner needs rather than predetermined broad objectives.

Tableau

A dramatic, fun-filled instructional technique where learners freeze in silent, motionless poses to depict a significant historical event.

Buzz Session

A small-group cooperative technique where students engage in brief, focused discussions on a specific topic for a short duration.

Carousel Discussion

An active collaborative strategy where student teams rotate through different stations around the classroom to respond to various prompts.

Graffiti Wall

A collaborative visual board where learners freely write, sketch, and post reflections, ideas, and opinions regarding a lesson.

Longitudinal Twin Study on Character

Empirical research demonstrating that identical twins reared in opposite environments develop distinct behaviors, proving environment shapes character.

Environmental Shaping of Character

The developmental principle that external social, cultural, and environmental settings actively mold individual behavior and personality.

Enculturation

The societal process through which a person learns and internalizes the requirements, habits, values, and behaviors of their surrounding culture.

Rationale for Immediate Assessment Feedback

To allow learners to reflect on learning retention and less mastered competencies as a basis for remediation before the next learning phase.

Formative Assessment Retrieval

The prompt return of corrected worksheets and diagnostic feedback to allow timely self-correction and differentiated intervention.

Affective Intelligence in Babyhood

The developmental milestone during the closing years of babyhood marked by the child actively showing different distinct emotions.

Positive Classroom Atmosphere Practices

Classroom strategies involving using students' first names, appropriate personal self-disclosure, and holding one-on-one personal conversations.

Teacher Self-Disclosure

The instructional practice of sharing appropriate personal experiences to help students perceive the teacher as an authentic, relatable individual.

Social Literacy

The literacy that develops social awareness, empathy, and positive cultural values such as respecting senior citizens through special priority provisions.

Filipino Value of Respect to the Elderly

A cultural tradition demonstrated structurally via grocery discounts, dedicated building spaces, and LRT station priority lanes.

Online Learning

A modern distance education modality utilizing digital computer networks to deliver instruction anytime, anyplace, and anywhere.

Chinese Proverb on Experiential Learning

The ancient maxim 'I hear and I forget; I see and I remember, I do and I understand', highlighting hands-on participatory action.

Application of 'I Do and I Understand'

The instructional method of having students hear, see, and actively execute the activities they are intended to master.

Absolute Truth Rule in True or False Items

The psychometric guideline dictating that True-or-False assessment statements must be completely, unambiguously true or false without exception.

Katipunan (KKK) Revolution Statement

The completely true item stating that members of the KKK were equipped with arms to fight for the Philippine revolution.

Teacher Retirement Preparation Strategies

Prudent financial planning measures including continuing professional growth, sustaining expenses below salary, and securing life insurance.

Least Prudent Retirement Practice

Frequent leisure traveling funded through promotional fares and freebies instead of setting aside disciplined retirement savings.

Lifespan Perspective: Lifelong Process

The developmental principle stating that human beings continue to learn, adapt, and flourish in life across all chronological periods.

Second Stage of Family Acceptance Struggle

The stage in a family's adjustment to a child's disability or condition characterized primarily by blaming others.

First Stage of Family Acceptance Struggle

The initial reaction of shock, denial, or ignoring the child's developmental performance difficulties.

Emergent and Progressive Methods

Contemporary, adaptive teaching methodologies identified as the best approaches to cater effectively to global learners.

College Supervisor

The designated faculty member from a teacher education institution tasked by the dean to supervise field study students and practice teachers.

Field Study Students (FSs)

Pre-service collegiate education students engaged in preliminary observation, classroom assistance, and contextual school exploration.

Practice Teachers (PTs)

Senior pre-service education students undergoing extensive mentored demonstration and actual classroom internship in cooperating schools.

Participatory Classroom Rule-Making

Allowing students to share responsibility in establishing class rules to significantly increase their commitment to classroom discussions.

Psychological Test

A specialized standardized evaluation instrument used to measure social, emotional, and personal traits, attitudes, and values.

Achievement Test

A standardized test designed to measure acquired knowledge, subject-matter mastery, and learned cognitive skills across curriculum areas.

Competency Test

An assessment intended to evaluate an individual's demonstrated capacity to perform specific specialized occupational or academic tasks.

Intelligence Test

A psychometric instrument standardized to evaluate general cognitive capacity, abstract reasoning, and mental problem-solving potential.

Overtime Class Transition Management

The professional collegiate interaction where the delayed teacher extends an apology and the succeeding teacher displays collegial understanding.

21st-Century Problem-Solving Technique

Having students complete research capstone projects to design innovative systemic solutions to community problems like road traffic.

Constructivist Teaching Approach

A student-centered methodology where the teacher builds on prior knowledge and engages learners in dialogue to construct understanding.

Activation of Prior Knowledge

The constructivist strategy of using learners' existing schema as the foundational anchor for acquiring new conceptual knowledge.

Predictable Pattern of Development

The consistent, orderly sequence of child growth milestones that enables parents and educators to plan forward-looking interventions.

Progressive View of Life for Teachers

The positive, grateful philosophical outlook that frames human existence not as a trial or struggle, but as a gift.

Code of Ethics: Transmitting National Heritage

The professional duty of teachers to impart cultural heritage to promote national pride, cultivate love of country, and elevate national morality.

Elevating National Morality

One of the ethical rationales for transmitting national and educational heritage to learners through consistent value-laden instruction.

Mechanical Technology

Human inventions that rely on mechanical mechanisms rather than electronic digital circuits, exemplified by a spring-driven clock.

Spring-Driven Clock

A classic mechanical technological apparatus driven by coiled gear mechanisms rather than electricity or software.

Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST)

The national framework establishing professional teaching competence across four distinct career development stages.

Novice Teacher (PPST Career Stage 1)

Newly graduated, PRC-registered teachers who possess basic pedagogical qualification but are still beginning professional practice.

Proficient Teacher (PPST Career Stage 2)

Professionally independent educators who effectively display standard pedagogical expertise in learning facilitation.

Highly Proficient Teacher (PPST Career Stage 3)

Consistently exemplary teachers who mentor peers and demonstrate mastery in instructional delivery and curriculum design.

Distinguished Teacher (PPST Career Stage 4)

Educational leaders who embody the highest global standards of teaching and serve as models of professional practice.

Non-Financially Literate Teachers

Educators who lack money management literacy and consequently become the primary targets of predatory financial scams.

Teaching Internship under CMO 74 and 75

The practical application of classroom learning theories into real, everyday classroom settings within a regular school environment.

CMO No. 74 and CMO No. 75, s. 2017

Commission on Higher Education memoranda establishing policies, standards, and guidelines for bachelor education internship programs.

Essentialist Basic Education

An educational philosophy focusing heavily on fundamental cultural heritage, core subject mastery, and the traditional 4Rs.

The 4Rs of Fundamental Education

The core instructional basics emphasized by essentialism: reading, writing, arithmetic, and right conduct.

Integrative Teaching Method

An instructional style where the teacher intentionally weaves values, interdisciplinary linkages, and real-life connections into lessons.

Pandemic Thesis Oral Defense Modality

Conducting thesis defenses safely through Zoom video conferencing while transmitting draft manuscripts electronically via email.

Test Score

The primary numerical index representing an individual student's actual performance on an administered assessment instrument.

Range

A descriptive statistical index computed as the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a score distribution.

Percentile Rank

A relative positional score indicating the percentage of test-takers who scored at or below a given raw score value.

Decile

A positional statistic that divides an ordered score distribution into ten equal segments, each containing $10\%$ of scores.

Learning Artifacts

Tangible student-produced products, such as assessment results and performance tasks, used as concrete evidence of learning.

Multiliterate 21st-Century Teacher

A teacher equipped to understand, integrate, create, communicate, and compute printed, written, and multimedia materials using technology.

Outcome-Based Education (OBE)

An educational framework that explicitly articulates what students are expected to know and be able to do upon completing a program.

Understanding by Design (UbD)

A curriculum design framework centered on backward planning: identifying desired results, determining evidence, and planning instruction.

Heart of Blended Learning Facilitation

Formative assessment, which dynamically tracks learner progress and informs necessary instructional adaptations.

Role Playing in Values Clarification

Spontaneous, unrehearsed dramatization allowing learners to explore personal values and witness the outcomes of values-driven actions.

Non-Purpose of Role Playing

Casting students into predetermined theatrical roles simply to portray great dramatic characters rather than exploring personal values.