Chapter 11 - Anger, Hostility, and Aggression

anger

normal emotional response to frustration, threat, or perceived injustice; anger is an emotion

hostility (verbal aggression)

attitude showing resentment, mistrust, or dislike

aggression

action or behavior intended to threaten or cause harm

violence

extreme aggression that may result in serious physical harm; aggression is a behavior

triggering phase

• client experiences stress, frustration, fear, or threat

• anxiety and restlessness begins

nursing response to triggering phase

• identify the trigger

• approach calmly

• encourage the client to talk

• offer choices and problem solving

escalation phase signs

• pacing

• loud voice

• threats

• clenched fists

• rapid breathing

• increased agitation

• invading personal space

crisis phase

• client loses control

• physical aggression or violence may occur

recovery phase

• client begins regaining control

• tension decreases

• client may feel tired, embarrassed, or remorseful

nursing response to recovery phase

• provide a quiet environment

• avoid demanding

postcrisis phase

client returns closer to baseline