UNIT 2 US History & Government Comprehensive Practice Quiz

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering Early Republic, Westward Expansion, Sectionalism, the Civil War, and Reconstruction.

What 1798 act allowed the government to arrest and deport non-citizens deemed dangerous and prosecute those who spoke out against the government?

The Alien and Sedition Acts

How is the word 'precedent' described in the context of a lesson on George Washington?

Examples set by a leader that were followed by future leaders

Which practice was NOT a precedent set by George Washington?

Partisan politics

What was the significance of George Washington's handling of the Whiskey Rebellion?

It demonstrated that the federal government had the power and will to enforce laws

How did James Madison and Thomas Jefferson respond to the Alien and Sedition Acts?

They wrote the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions to nullify them

What were the names of the two political parties that formed after George Washington's presidency?

Democratic-Republicans and Federalists

How did Thomas Jefferson double the size of the United States in 1803?

The Louisiana Purchase

Why is the Election of 1800 considered significant in American history?

It resulted in the first peaceful transfer of power between political parties

What was a major result of the Lewis and Clark expedition?

They explored the land of the Louisiana Territory and helped encourage future expansion to the Pacific Ocean

What term describes the British practice of taking American sailors from ships and forcing them into military service prior to the War of 1812?

Impressment

After the War of 1812, which term described the growing pride and strong love for the United States?

Nationalism

What did the Monroe Doctrine NOT state regarding European nations?

The United States would support European nations in their colonial expansion

Which document aimed to prevent European nations from creating new colonies in the Western Hemisphere?

The Monroe Doctrine

What was Andrew Jackson's practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs called?

The spoils system

What is the definition of Jacksonian Democracy?

The period of expanding democracy that gave voting rights to all white males

What did the Indian Removal Act do?

Forcibly moves Native Americans west beyond the Mississippi River

When did the Nullification Crisis take place during the Jackson administration?

When South Carolina tried to ignore and refuse federal taxes on imported goods

What was President Jackson's response to South Carolina during the Nullification Crisis?

He sent troops to enforce the laws and warned that he would use force if necessary

What states did America win in the Mexican American War?

California, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada

How did the war with Mexico begin?

A border dispute in Texas

According to the philosophy of 'Manifest Destiny', American territory should expand from the Atlantic Ocean to where?

Pacific Ocean

Why did Southern states want to expand westward?

To expand slavery

What common purpose was shared by the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the western territories

Which compromise dealt with the territory gained after the Mexican-American War?

The Compromise of 1850

Which state entered the Union as a free state as a result of the Compromise of 1850?

California

According to the Compromise of 1850, how was slavery decided in territories other than California acquired from the Mexican American War?

The people in each territory would vote to decide whether to allow slavery (popular sovereignty)

According to the Kansas-Nebraska Act and its principle of popular sovereignty, how was the issue of slavery decided in those territories?

By a vote of the people there

Which side in the Civil War had the disadvantage of having only 9 million people compared to 22 million on the opposing side?

Confederacy

Which side in the Civil War had the advantage of over 13,000 miles of railroad tracks to quickly move supplies and troops?

Union

Which side in the Civil War manufactured nine times more goods, including military supplies and civilian goods?

Union

Which side in the Civil War relied on strong military leadership, efficiency, and strategy to prolong the war to make up for shortcomings?

Confederacy

Which outcome was NOT a result of the Dred Scott Case?

The fugitive slave law was ruled to be unconstitutional

What was the status of slavery during the time of the Dred Scott case?

Slavery was creating sectional tension between the North and the South

What was an effect of the Supreme Court ruling in Scott v. Sandford?

Legal protection for slavery was strengthened

What was John Brown's main goal with his raid on Harper's Ferry in 1859?

To start a major slave rebellion in the South

How did Southerners view John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry?

With shock and outrage

What was the triggering event that truly started the Civil War?

The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860

What were Abraham Lincoln's beliefs about slavery during the election of 1860?

That slavery should not spread to new territories but he would leave it where it already existed

Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired, resulting in a Union surrender?

Ft. Sumter

What was Abraham Lincoln's main goal at the beginning of the Civil War?

To preserve the Union

Which Maryland battle, closest to Washington D.C., gave Abraham Lincoln the victory needed to issue the Emancipation Proclamation?

Antietam

What was the northernmost and bloodiest battle of the Civil War that turned the tide of the war in favor of the Union?

Gettysburg

In which battle did Ulysses S. Grant block the Mississippi River and split Confederate troops into smaller groups?

Vicksburg

Why was the Battle of Gettysburg considered a turning point in the Civil War?

Lee lost so many troops that he would never again invade the North

What main idea did Abraham Lincoln emphasize in the Gettysburg Address?

That the nation would stay true to its founding ideals of liberty and equality

What message did President Lincoln convey when stating 'With malice toward none, with charity for all' in his Second Inaugural Address?

He called for kindness and forgiveness to help heal the nation after years of war

What rights did the 14th Amendment grant?

Birthright citizenship and equal protection under the law

Which constitutional amendment gives citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude?

15th Amendment

What did the 13th Amendment do?

Banned slavery

Why did Southern states create the Black Codes?

Limit African Americans' rights

What was the result of the Presidential Election of 1876?

The end of Reconstruction in the South

What was one of the Freedmen's Bureau's key successes after the Civil War?

Establishing schools and improving education for African Americans

Why did the Reconstruction era come to an end in 1877?

Federal troops were withdrawn from the South as a result of the Compromise of 1877

What was the post-Civil War system where African Americans rented land from white landowners and paid by giving up part of their crop?

Sharecropping

What was the main goal of Presidential Reconstruction?

To reintegrate the Southern states into the Union quickly and leniently

How did Radical Republicans view Presidential Reconstruction?

They believed it was too lenient

What were the goals of Radical Reconstruction?

To ensure rights for formerly enslaved people and punish the South