theory 1 midterm

which 2 types of hepatitis are fecal-oral route?

A and E

which 3 hepatitis are carriers?

B, C, D

which hepatitis does not have a vaccine?

C

you can only have hep _____ if you already have hep ____

D, B

what is HHV 2

genital herpes

what is HHV 3?

varicella zoster/chicken pox

what is HHV 4?

epstein barr virus/mono

what is HHV 5?

cytomegalovirus

what is HHV 6 (a and b)?

roseola/sixth’s disease

what is HHV 7?

roseola

what is HHV 8?

Kaposi’s sarcoma

what does ART stand for (for HIV)

antiretroviral therapy

what does IRIS stand for (regarding HIV)

immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

what is a critical item?

contacts soft tissue and bone

what is a semi-critical item?

contacts intact mucous membranes

what is a non-critical item?

contacts intact skin

list the order of recirculation of instruments: (4)

clinical use, cleaning, packaging, sterilizing

what are the 3 types of tests for sterilization?

internal, external, biologic monitors

what sterilization method should be used for instruments that may corrode?

dry heat

what is the soap method used for?

systematic documentation

what does soap stand for?

subjective, objective, assessment/analysis, procedures (provided or planned)

blisterform definition

soft and translucent, contains fluid

what are the 3 types of blisterform lesions?

vesicle, bulla, pustule

how big is vesicle?

<1cm

how big is a bulla?

>1 cm

a pustule can be a vesicle or a bulla and has what color due to pus?

yellow

nonblisterform definition

solid

what are the 3 types of nonblisterform lesions?

papules, nodules, tumors

how big is a papule?

<5 mm

how large are nodules? (range)

>5mm but <2 cm

how large is a tumor?

>2 cm

what are the 2 shapes of a nonblisterform lesion?

sessicle, pedunculated

what shape is sessicle?

slight hill

what shape is pedunculated?

hot air balloon

what are the 2 type of depressed lesions (below skin or mucosa level)

ulcer, erosion

what is a flat lesion called?

macule

what are 2 features of macules?

circumscribed, defined by color

aphtha definition

small white or red ulcer

cyst definition

close, epithelial lined sac

exophytic definition

growing outward

idiopathic definition

unknown etiology

indurated definition

hard

petechiae definition?

minute hemorrhagic spots

pseudomembraneous definition

loose membrane

polyp definition

mass that projects upwards

punctate definition

marked with points or dots

purulent definition

discharging pus

rubefacient definition

reddening of skin

verruca definition

rough, wart-like

what are aphthous ulcers?

canker sores

what is an excisional biopsy?

entire lesion removed

what type of biopsy is only a portion of the lesion removed?

incisional

what is the tension test?

retract lips/cheeks to observe frenal attachment

what is the wrinkle fold test?

probe is inserted horizontal to MCJ, blanching or wrinkling indicates no attached tissue

how do you measure/calculate attached gingiva to get width of gingiva?

measure from GM to MCJ to get total gingiva value, measure PD and subtract PD from total gingiva

what does +, ++, and +++ mean in regard to tooth mobility?

slight, moderate, severe

what is considered moderate tooth mobility?

>1mm of movement

what is considered severe tooth mobility?

moves vertically and depresses into socket

what is fremitus?

palpable vibration

what does +, ++, +++ mean in regards to fremitus?

one degree, two degree, third degree

what is two degree fremitus?

tooth clearly palpable but movement barely visible

what is third degree fremitus?

movement clearly observed

what two things must you have when documenting and measuring perio?

stage and grade (rate of progression)

definition of stage 1 perio (2)

mild attachment loss, horizontal bone loss

definition of stage 2 perio (2)

moderate attachment loss, horizontal bone loss

stage 3 perio definition (3)

significant bone loss, vertical bone loss, deep pockets

stage 4 perio definition (4)

loss of function, tooth loss, bite collapse/drifting, bone loss/defects

junctional epithelium definition (2)

connection of free gingiva to alveolar bone, protects against infection

in health the gingival margin is how many mm from cej (range)

0.08-2.1

how far is the free gingival groove from gingival margin in health? (mm)

0.05-1.5

is gingival sulcus keratinized or nonkeratinized?

nonkeratinized

is attached gingiva keratinized or nonkeratinized?

keratinized

biological width definition

distance between epithelial attachment and crest of alevolar bone

what is biological width usually? (mm)

2.15-2.30

is the col keratinized or nonkeratinized?

nonkeratinized

what is a class 1 embrasure? (2)

tip apical to contact, no cej visible

what is a class 2 embrasure? (2)

tip is at or apical to IP cej, coronal to facial cej

what is a class 3 embrasure?

complete loss of interdental papilla

what are the 2 groups of the PDL fibers?

gingival and principal

what are the 5 types of gingival pdl?

dentogingival, alveologingival, circumferential, dentoperiosteal, transseptal

what do transseptal fibers do?

connects teeth to prevent separation

what are the 6 types of prinipal pdl fibers?

aleveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, apical, interradicular, sharpey

where do sharpey fibers attach? (2)

cementum and alveolar bone

what 2 structures do dentogingival fibers connect?

tooth and gingiva

what 2 structures do alveologingival fibers connect?

bone and gingiva

where are circumferential fibers located?

around tooth

what 2 structures do dentoperiosteal fibers connect?

tooth, periosteum

what 2 structures do transseptal fibers connect?

teeth to teeth

what type of tissue is cementum considered to be?

connective

where is accellular cementum located?

cervical ½ to 2/3 of the root

where is cellular cementum located?

apical 1/3 of root

what does accellular cementum do?

attaches to pdl

what does cellular cementum do?

repair defects

what is mc call’s festoon?

enlargement in a life saver like gingival prominence

what may stillman’s clefts be related to?

flossing

what percent of children does a diastema occur?

97%