Beef Cattle

Corriente Cattle

-Spanish

-rodeo

Florida Cracker Cattle

-Florida’s longhorn

-“pasture ponies”

English Breeds

Maternal

• Angus, Red Angus, Hereford, Shorthorn

• Good maternal traits: fertility, calving ease, milk, maintenance efficiency, mothering ability

Terminal Sire Breeding

Crossbreeding maternal females to paternal-breed sires for good marketability

Gain efficiency, meat quality, carcass yield

Continental Breeds

Terminal

• Charolais

• Gelbvieh

• Limousin

• Simmental

Heat Tolerant Breeds

• Brahman

• Senepol

• Longhorn

Composite Breeds

• Brangus

• Braford

• Beefmaster

• Santa Gertrudid

Angus

• Scotland

• Most prominent beef cattle in U.S.

• carcass and maternal traits

• 1200-1400lbs

Angus

• Scotland

• Most prominent beef cattle in U.S.

• carcass and maternal traits

• 1200-1400lbs

Certified Angus Beef

CAB

• 51% black

• Top 3rd of the USDA quality grade

• Must grade prime or upper 2/3 choice

• Must meet all 10 criteria

Hereford

• Europe

• Survivability and crossbreeding (carcass traits)

• Polled and horned

• 1200-1500lbs

Hereford

• Europe

• Survivability and crossbreeding (carcass traits)

• Polled and horned

• 1200-1500lbs

Black Baldy

• Hereford X Angus

Red Angus

• separate breed association

• 1100-1400lbs

Red Angus

• separate breed association

• 1100-1400lbs

Shorthorn

• England

• Maternal and carcass quality

• Shorthorn = beef

• Milking shorthorn = dairy

Shorthorn

• England

• Maternal and carcass quality

• Shorthorn = beef

• Milking shorthorn = dairy

Braunvieh

Charolais (shar-lays)

• France

• Growth and carcass characteristics

• 1400-1800lbs

Charolais (shar-lays)

• France

• Growth and carcass characteristics

• 1400-1800lbs

Gelbvieh

• Germany

• Golden to rust (black)

• Growth and maternal traits

• 1300-1700lbs

Gelbvieh

• Germany

• Golden to rust (black)

• Growth and maternal traits

• 1300-1700lbs

Limousin

• France

• Various shades of red to black

• Growth traits

• 1100-1500lbs

Limousin

• France

• Various shades of red to black

• Growth traits

• 1100-1500lbs

Simmental

• Switzerland

• Tan to red and white, solid tan to red with white face, black

• Growth and maternal traits

• 1300-1700lbs

Simmental

• Switzerland

• Tan to red and white, solid tan to red with white face, black

• Growth and maternal traits

• 1300-1700lbs

Brahman

• U.S.

• Heat and insect tolerance, disease resistance

• Able to thrive in harsh environments

• Popular in South U.S.

• 1000-1400lbs

Brahman

• U.S.

• Heat and insect tolerance, disease resistance

• Able to thrive in harsh environments

• Popular in South U.S.

• 1000-1400lbs

Brahman Mix

Nelore X Gir X Guzerat

Senepol

• Virgin Islands

• Heat tolerance, early maturing, and survivability

Senepol

• Virgin Islands

• Heat tolerance, early maturing, and survivability

Texas Longhorn

• Spain, Mexico, U.S.

• Ruggedness

• Low birth weights

• “Pasture ponies”

Texas Longhorn

• Spain, Mexico, U.S.

• Ruggedness

• Low birth weights

• “Pasture ponies”

What is a composite breed?

A breed made up of at least 2 breeds, designed to retain heterosis in future generations without crossbreeding and maintained as a purebred. Defined proportions of breeds it’s mixed of

Brangus

• 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Angus

• Louisiana

• Maternal and carcass traits, heat tolerant

Brangus

• 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Angus

• Louisiana

• Maternal and carcass traits, heat tolerant

Braford

• 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Hereford

• U.S.

• Maternal traits and heat tolerance

Braford

• 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Hereford

• U.S.

• Maternal traits and heat tolerance

Super Baldy

• Hereford X F1 Brangus

• TAMU

• Calm, good mothering, heat tolerant, disease resistance

Santa Gertrudis

• 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Shorthorn

• King Ranch, TX

• Heat tolerance, maternal traits, carcass

Santa Gertrudis

• 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Shorthorn

• King Ranch, TX

• Heat tolerance, maternal traits, carcass

Beefmaster

• ½ Brahman, ¼ Shorthorn, ¼ Hereford

• U.S.

• Maternal traits, heat tolerance, carcass

Beefmaster

• ½ Brahman, ¼ Shorthorn, ¼ Hereford

• U.S.

• Maternal traits, heat tolerance, carcass

Bos taurus

• no hump

• Cooler climates

• Domesticated 1st

Bos indicus

• hot climates

• Hump

• Domesticated 2nd

What is the single largest money generating commodity in American Agriculture?

Beef industry

Breed heifers at what age?

15 months

Heifers should be ___% of mature body weight at breeding

55-65%

Calving interval

12-13 months

Why raise cattle?

Cattle utilize resources that cannot be used by humans

Bunk Broke

Knows how to eat from a trough

Seedstock

Improving genetics, selling genetics, etc.