DRUGS ACTING ON RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Dilutes the airway mucus after aerosol or systemic administration

Mucokinetic

Examples of mucokinetics

1. Saline solution

2. Water vapor

3. Nebulization

4. Propylene glycol

5. NaHCO3

6. Glycerin

7. Caffeine

8. Theophylline

9. Thebromine

10. Aminophylline

11. Oils such as menthol and eucalyptus

Decrease the frequency of non productive coughing

Antitussive

Examples of locally acting antitussives

1. Syrup

2. Glycerin

3. Honey

Examples of centrally acting narcotic antitussive

1. Morphine

2. Paregoric

3. Hydromorphone

4. Codeine

5. Tramadol

Examples of centrally acting non-narcotic antitussive

1. Dextromethorphan

2. Noscapine

3. Diphenhydramine

Increases volume and fluidity or secretions, expulsion of phlegm

Expectorant

Examples of expectorant, volatile oil

1. Camphor

2. Menthol

3. Eucalyptus

Examples of saline expectorant

1. Sodium iodide

2. Potassium iodide

3. Ammonium iodide

Examples of direct stimulant expectorant

1. Guaifenesin

2. Guaiacol

3. Concilla

Makes phlegm water

Saline expectorant

Stimulates secretory glands in respiratory tract

Direct stimulant expectorant

Expels sticky phlegm, lower respiratory tract

Mucolytic

Examples of mucolytic

1. Acetylcysteine

2. Carbocysteine

3. Bromhexine

4. Dembrexine

5. Ambroxol

Examples of respiratory stimulant

• Xanthine

• Doxapram

• Nikethamide

• Strychnine

• Bemegride

Decrease swelling and edema thru vasoconstriction of the blood vessel in upper respiratory tract

Decongestant

Source of ephedrine

Ma Huang

Examples of decongestant

• Ephedrine

• Pseudoephedrine

• Phenylephrine

• Phenylpropanolamine

Increase beat frequency of airway cilia for filtration of air

Cilia augmentors

Examples of cilia augmentors

• Aromatic oild

• Terpentine

• KCl

• Aminophylline

Classes of Bronchodilators

• B-receptor agonist

• Xanthines

• Anticholinergic

• Miscellaneous

Examples of B-receptor agonist

Clenbuterol

Salbutamol

Examples of xanthines

Caffeine

Theophylline

Theobromine

Examples of anticholinergic

Atropine

Glycopyrrolate

Miscellaneous bronchodilators

Butorphanol

Isoproterenol

Ephedrine

Examples of anti inflammatory

Glucocorticoids

NSAIDS

Prevents foam development in the lungs,

O cannot enter, CO2 cannot exit

Anti foaming drugs

Treats pulmonary edema by popping bubbles similar to carminatives

Anti foaming drugs

Examples of anti foaming drugs

Ethanol

Propylene glycol

Glycerol