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Great Depression in Europe
Severe economic downturn in Europe during the 1930s.
Nationalism (In terms of Unit 7)
Loyalty and devotion to one's nation.
Social Darwinism
Applying Darwin's theories to society, often justifying racism and inequality.
Fascism (14 Characteristics)
Authoritarian nationalist ideology.
Cronyism
Favoritism shown to friends or associates.
Benito Mussolini
Italian fascist dictator.
“Blackshirts”
Mussolini's paramilitary supporters.
Mussolini’s “Emergency Powers”
Decree powers granted to Mussolini.
The Lateran Agreement
Pact between Mussolini's Italy and the Vatican.
Adolf Hitler
German Nazi dictator.
National Socialist German Workers' Party
Nazi Party.
Anti Semitism
Hatred or prejudice against Jews.
The “Stab in the Back” Theory
Blaming Jews for Germany's World War I defeat.
Beer Hall Putsch
Hitler's failed coup attempt in 1923.
Weimar Republic
Post-World War I democratic government in Germany.
Mein Kampf
Hitler's autobiographical manifesto.
Lebensraum
Nazi idea of "living space" for Germans.
Hitler Youth
Nazi youth organization.
Enabling Act
Legislation granting Hitler dictatorial powers.
Gestapo
Nazi secret police.
Eugenics
Pseudoscience promoting "racial purity".
1935 Nuremberg Laws
Nazi laws stripping Jews of rights.
Autobahn
German highway system.
“Kristallnacht”
Night of Broken Glass, anti-Jewish pogrom.
Spanish Civil War
Conflict in Spain (1936-1939).
Joseph Goebbels
Nazi propaganda minister.
Heinrich Himmler
SS leader and Nazi official.
1938 Munich Conference
Appeasement meeting.
Nanjing Massacre
Mass killing by Japanese troops in China.
“Sitzkrieg” vs
Phoney War vs. lightning warfare.
Pearl Harbor
Japanese attack on US naval base.
Allies vs
WWII opposing coalitions.
European Theater
WWII military operations in Europe.
Pacific Theater
WWII military operations in the Pacific.
Island Hopping
Allied strategy in the Pacific.
Gen
WWII Allied commander.
Stalingrad
WWII battle in Russia.
D-Day
Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944.
Battle of the Bulge
Major WWII battle in Belgium.
VE Day
Victory in Europe Day, May 8, 1945.
Yalta Conference
WWII meeting of Allied leaders.
Potsdam Conference/Declaration
Post-WWII meeting and declaration.
V-J Day
Victory over Japan Day, September 2, 1945.
Holocaust
Genocide of six million Jews by Nazis.
United Nations
Intergovernmental organization formed after WWII.
Nuremberg Trials
Trials of Nazi leaders for war crimes.
“Einsatzgruppen”
Nazi mobile killing units.
Ghettos
Segregated areas for Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe.
Concentration Camps
Nazi detention centers for political prisoners.
“Final Solution”
Nazi plan for the genocide of Jews.