Antipsychotic Pharmacology: Typical and Atypical Drugs, Uses, and Adverse Effects

Haloperidol: brand name

Haldol

Haldol: generic name

Haloperidol

Haloperidol: drug class

Typical antipsychotic (high potency)

Haloperidol: main use

Psychosis and acute agitation

Haloperidol: top 3 ADRs

EPS (dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism), Tardive dyskinesia, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Haloperidol: EPS risk compared with other antipsychotics

Highest ("HALT!")

Haloperidol: Cardiac risk with IV use

QT prolongation

Fluphenazine: brand name

Prolixin

Prolixin: generic name

Fluphenazine

Fluphenazine: drug class

Typical antipsychotic (phenothiazine, high potency)

Fluphenazine: main use

Schizophrenia

Fluphenazine: top 3 ADRs

EPS, Tardive dyskinesia, Hyperprolactinemia

Fluphenazine: High potency means

High EPS, low sedation

Fluphenazine: Long-acting form

Depot injection

Chlorpromazine: brand name

Thorazine

Thorazine: generic name

Chlorpromazine

Chlorpromazine: drug class

Typical antipsychotic (phenothiazine, low potency)

Chlorpromazine: main use

Psychosis and intractable hiccups

Chlorpromazine: top 3 ADRs

Sedation, Anticholinergic effects, Orthostatic hypotension

Chlorpromazine: Low potency means

Less EPS, more sedation and anticholinergic effects

Chlorpromazine: Unique extra use

Intractable hiccups

Chlorpromazine: Skin side effect

Photosensitivity

Prochlorperazine: brand name

Compazine

Compazine: generic name

Prochlorperazine

Prochlorperazine: drug class

Typical antipsychotic (phenothiazine)

Prochlorperazine: main use

Nausea and vomiting

Prochlorperazine: top 3 ADRs

EPS/dystonia, Sedation, Anticholinergic effects

Prochlorperazine: Where its antiemetic effect comes from

D2 block in the medulla (CTZ)

Clozapine: brand name

Clozaril

Clozaril: generic name

Clozapine

Clozapine: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Clozapine: main use

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Clozapine: top 3 ADRs

Agranulocytosis, Seizures, Myocarditis

Clozapine: Required monitoring

ANC (REMS program)

Clozapine: EPS risk compared with other antipsychotics

Lowest

Clozapine: Mnemonic for its big 3 dangers

"SAM-urai": Seizures, Agranulocytosis, Myocarditis

Risperidone: brand name

Risperdal

Risperdal: generic name

Risperidone

Risperidone: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Risperidone: main use

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Risperidone: top 3 ADRs

Hyperprolactinemia (galactorrhea, gynecomastia), EPS at high doses, Weight gain

Risperidone: Signature side effect

Raises prolactin ("RISK of milk")

Risperidone: EPS compared with other atypicals

Highest

Paliperidone: brand name

Invega

Invega: generic name

Paliperidone

Paliperidone: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Paliperidone: main use

Schizophrenia

Paliperidone: top 3 ADRs

Hyperprolactinemia, EPS, QT prolongation

Paliperidone: Relationship to risperidone

Its active metabolite

Olanzapine: brand name

Zyprexa

Zyprexa: generic name

Olanzapine

Olanzapine: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Olanzapine: main use

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Olanzapine: top 3 ADRs

Weight gain, Hyperglycemia/diabetes, Sedation

Olanzapine: Metabolic risk compared with other atypicals

Worst metabolic syndrome

Quetiapine: brand name

Seroquel

Seroquel: generic name

Quetiapine

Quetiapine: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Quetiapine: main use

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (including bipolar depression)

Quetiapine: top 3 ADRs

Sedation, Weight gain / metabolic effects, Orthostatic hypotension

Quetiapine: Eye monitoring

Cataracts (eye exams)

Aripiprazole: brand name

Abilify

Abilify: generic name

Aripiprazole

Aripiprazole: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic (D2 partial agonist)

Aripiprazole: main use

Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, add-on for MDD

Aripiprazole: top 3 ADRs

Akathisia, Insomnia, Impulse control problems

Aripiprazole: Weight and prolactin effects

Neutral ("ABLE to tolerate it")

Lurasidone: brand name

Latuda

Latuda: generic name

Lurasidone

Lurasidone: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Lurasidone: main use

Schizophrenia and bipolar depression

Lurasidone: top 3 ADRs

Akathisia, Sedation, Nausea

Lurasidone: How to take it

With food (at least 350 calories)

Ziprasidone: brand name

Geodon

Geodon: generic name

Ziprasidone

Ziprasidone: drug class

Atypical antipsychotic

Ziprasidone: main use

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Ziprasidone: top 3 ADRs

QT prolongation, Sedation, Dizziness

Ziprasidone: QT risk compared with other atypicals

Highest

Tranylcypromine: brand name

Parnate

Parnate: generic name

Tranylcypromine

Tranylcypromine: drug class

MAOI (irreversible, nonselective)

Tranylcypromine: main use

Refractory depression

Tranylcypromine: top 3 ADRs

Hypertensive crisis (tyramine), Orthostatic hypotension, Insomnia

Tranylcypromine: Foods to avoid

Tyramine: aged cheese, wine, cured meats

Tranylcypromine: Drugs that cause serotonin syndrome with it

SSRIs and meperidine

Phenelzine: brand name

Nardil

Nardil: generic name

Phenelzine

Phenelzine: drug class

MAOI (irreversible, nonselective)

Phenelzine: main use

Refractory depression

Phenelzine: top 3 ADRs

Hypertensive crisis, Orthostatic hypotension, Weight gain / sexual dysfunction

Phenelzine: Washout before starting another antidepressant

14 days

Isocarboxazid: brand name

Marplan

Marplan: generic name

Isocarboxazid

Isocarboxazid: drug class

MAOI (irreversible, nonselective)

Isocarboxazid: main use

Refractory depression

Isocarboxazid: top 3 ADRs

Hypertensive crisis, Orthostatic hypotension, Dizziness

Isocarboxazid: Mnemonic for the MAOI brands

"Never Make Pals": Nardil, Marplan, Parnate

Isocarboxazid: Are MAOIs antipsychotics

No, they are antidepressants

Doxepin: brand name

Silenor