ch.1 origins and development of 21st century security

What does the word “security” imply?

A stable and relatively predictable environment in which an individual or group may pursue its ends without disruption or harm and without fear of disturbance or injury

Why did the king in medieval england have brush cleared on sides of roads?

As a precaution against robbers

Why were night watchmen created?

To protect people from night thieves

What are the modern equivalents of what the medieval English king was doing?

Areas are cleared around perimeter fences and buildings and security patrols have been replaced by intrusion alarms

Why did security emerge and what is it a response to and what is it a reflection of?

A changing society

What aspects of society does security mirror?

Social structure and economic conditions, perception of law and crime, and morality

What does the nature of security mean about the field?

It is based on both tradition and dramatic change

Why is tradition still important in security?

Some people can’t afford the high tech, like homes that still rely on guard dogs

When did the development of security and law enforcement start to speed up?

14th through the 18th century

What planted the seeds for this development of security and law enforcement?

The social revolution that heralded the end of the remaining elements of feudal structure

When were the seeds of social revolution planted?

Late 13th century

Who controlled security in the feudal era?

Mostly kings and barons

What started to drive people toward cities?

The age of exploration led merchants and explorers to ports and trade centers, and acts of closure and consolidation led small tenants to cities jn great numbers

What did the massive migration to cities cause?

Great hardships, increased poverty and crime

When there were no police forces, what would merchants do to protect themselves?

Hire their own private guards or band together with other merchants to hire entire private police forces

What other group of people would hire their own police forces when police departments weren’t a thing?

Parishes

Under what conditions did Parliament agree to crown William and Mary?

They had to agree to give certain rights to the people

What did the Bill of Rights guarantee?

For all time limited the powers of the king, as well as affirming and protecting the inalienable rights of the people

When did the efforts of people to create police forces become obvious?

18th century

What is the significance of the year 1737 to security?

For the first time, tac revenues were used to pay for communal security forces, setting precedent

Who suggested a permanent security force be created?

Henry Fielding

The security force Henry Fielding suggested be created, what did they actually do?

Foot patrols, mounted patrols for the highways, special investigators, and police courts

What idea is Henry Fielding credited with?

Preventing crime instead of controlling it

Why did the Industrial Revolution pushed people towards cities?

They were promised work

During the Industrial Revolution, what did people actually find when they moved to the cities?

Long hours and terrible wages

What happened to family life in the Industrial Revolution?

It was destroyed

What kinds of crimes were common in Industrial Revolution cities?

Thievery, crimes of violence, and juvenile delinquency, these situations can still be seen today

What is laissez-faire and it's relation to the Industrial Revolution?

People should be allowed to do whatever they want was the general thought in this time period

How does counterfeit money fit in during the Industrial Revolution?

It was common and thought that more counterfeit money existed than real

Why did the advent of new laws do little to deter crime during the Industrial Revolution?

There was no one to enforce the laws

What did private citizens do during the Industrial Revolution since crime continued undeterred?

They carried weapons and communities continued to hire private security