PON Unit 1

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to nutrition, including definitions and important terms that will help in understanding the subject for upcoming exams.

Nutrition

The scientific study of nutrients and how the body uses them.

Nutrients

Chemicals necessary for proper body functioning.

Calories

A measure of food energy, also known as kilocalories.

Dietary Guidelines

Recommendations for healthy eating patterns and physical activity.

Essential Nutrient

A nutrient that must be supplied by food.

Phytochemicals

Non-nutrients that may be beneficial to human health.

Macronutrients

Nutrients needed in relatively large amounts that provide energy, including carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Micronutrients

Nutrients required in smaller amounts, such as vitamins and minerals.

Energy Density

Energy value of a food in relation to the food’s weight.

Nutrient Density

Describes a food that contains more beneficial nutrients relative to its total calories.

Deficiency Disease

A state of health that occurs when a nutrient is deficient or missing from the diet.

Moderation

Obtaining adequate amounts of nutrients while balancing calorie intake with calorie expenditure.

Metabolism

The total of all chemical processes occurring in living cells.

Caloric Expenditure

The number of calories burned through physical activity.

Health Disparities

Differences in health outcomes among different population groups.

Chronic Diseases

Long-term health conditions often related to poor nutrition and lifestyle choices.

Dietary Supplements

Products that contain vitamins, minerals, herbs, or other substances that supplement the diet.

Healthy People 2030

A report by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services outlining health promotion objectives.

Deficiency Disease Symptoms

Signs that appear when an essential nutrient is missing from the diet.

Food Labeling

Required information on packaged foods to help consumers make healthy choices.

Nutritional Adequacy

Ensuring a diet contains sufficient key nutrients for health.