Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces

attractive forces between molecules, weaker than covalent bonds

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Attraction between polar molecules

Ion-dipole Forces

Attraction between an ion and polar molecule, higher FC on ion = stronger IMF

Hydrogen Bonding

type of dipole-dipole interaction, requires h-bond donors (H-N, O-H, F-H) attached to higher EN atom

Dispersion Forces

Attraction between temporary dipoles, all molecules experience this force,

Polarizability

how easily electron distribution can be distorted to form temporary dipoles, larger size larger P stronger IMF, molecular shape)

Relative Strengths of IMFS

ion-dipole> H-bonding > Dipole-Dipole > Dispersion

Hydrocarbon Bonds

Non-polar and one dispersion force

Stronger IMFs have:

Higher Boiling points and melting points