What is the cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed? Osteocytes What is the primary function of osteoblasts? To build bone What do ligaments attach? Bone to bone What is osteomyelitis? Bone inflammation that results from bacterial infection Which bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix? Osteoblasts Name two functions of the skeletal system. Support Protection If a person gets hit in the back of the head, then which bone will suffer? Occipital bone Where is the lambdoidal suture located? Parietal and occipital bones What do we call disease in adults characterized by softening of bones? Osteomalacia Your patient is admitted due to stenosis of the foramen magnum what structure is directly affected by this condition? Spinal cord What is primary mineral in bone? Calcium What are the basic units in compact bone tissue? Osteon or haversian system Which bone cell type is responsible type for breaking down bone? Osteoclast Most common bone disease is osteoporosis. what is the most common consequence? Fractures What chemical synthesized or ingested is necessary for calcium absorption through the intestines. Vitamin D What is the purpose of the proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage? Gives cartilage resilient nature because it holds water. What is the disease in children characterized by soft bone and swollen bones? Rickets What’s a band of connective tissue that connects muscle to the bone? Tendon What is the other name for shoulder blade? Scapula Which type of bone cell have ruffled borders and secrete acids? Osteoclasts Which type of bone cells lie in the lacunae? Osteocytes What is a passageway that connects neighboring osteocytes in osteon? Canaliculi What are the blood vessels that carry blood in the medulla cavity in the periosteum and run perpendicular to the bone? Volkman’s canals What is the carrying out surface of the bone called? Periosteum What type of lamellae are found in osteons? Concentric lamellae What type of bone has trabeculae be present in? Spongy or cancellous bone What is the function of red bone marrow? Blood cell production What is the cite of long terminal growth in long bones? Epiphyseal plates What do we call end of long bone? Epiphysis What does normal bone growth require adequate amounts in the diet? Calcium, phosphate, and vitamin d What is the sequence of events that produces growth in epiphyseal growth? Bone remodeling Where is the sagittal suture found? Between two parietal bones What type of joints is found in the appendicular skeleton? Synovial joints The cubital joint or the elbow is an example of what type of joint? Hinge joint. The knee joint is an example of what type of joint? Complex ellipsoid Questions asking about abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, etc. What results from the failure of the maxillary bones that failed to fuse Cleft palate Which portion of coxal bone does a person sit on? Ischial tuberosity Common name for sternum Breastbone The lateral malleolus is part of which bone Fibula Your patient is an avid runner and they complain about pain on their greater trochanter region. Where is it located? Femur What is the coxal bone known as? Hip bone. Which cranial bone forms eyebrow ridges Frontal What is an exaggerated region of the lumbar region? Lordosis What is an abnormal of lateral curvature of spine? Scoliosis What is the 1st cervical vertebrae? Atlas If your patient presented with a tumor in the posterior orbit what would be affected? Vision Patient that presents with a fractured mandible has a broken what? Lower jaw If new chondrocytes and new matrix is added on outside of tissue, what type of growth is it? Appositional growth Your patient has been diagnosed with a fracture of the dens. Which bone is affected? The axis Which fibers are collagen fibers that connect ligaments and tendons throughout the periosteum of the bone? Sharpey’s fibers What is the bone fracture in which the two bone sections do not separate? Hairline fracture Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air filled spaces. What are these called? Sinus The flat bones of the skull develop from what type of formation. Intramembranous ossification Bowing your head is an example of what type of movement. Flexion What do we call the articulation of the teeth in the upper and lower jaws. Gomphosis What substance is responsible for slippery synovial fluid? Hyaluronic acid Which ligament is found at the head of the femur? The ligamentum teres Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posterior? Pronation What’s the most common type of arthritis? Osteoarthritis Which ligaments help keep the head erect? Ligamentum nuchae What’s the condition in which there is failure for vertebral lamellae to fuse? Spina bifida In what way are the thumb and big toe similar? Two phalanges only proximal and distal If your patient present with cerebral spinal fluid draining from ear where is there probably fracture located Temporal What results from damage to a nucleus fibrosus and a release of nucleus pulposus? Herniated discs What do we call the connective tissue sheath of cartilage? Perichondrium What is weight bearing ability of bone matrix due to the presence of Hydroxyapatite crystals In osteogenesis imperfecta the cause would be abnormally formed what Collagen The proportion of what determines the strength of the bone. Collagen to hydroxyapatite What type of bone is organized into thin sheets of tissue? Compact lamellar bones Which kind of bone contains interconnected plates called trabeculae Spongy bone What is the function of yellow bone marrow? Store adipose tissue or fat. What is proper event sequence in bone repair? Hematoma formation Callous formation Callus Ossification Bone remodeling What happens when bones adjust to stress or when bones grow or fractures heal Bone-remodeling You have a young boy as a patient and exhibited advanced development of sexual characteristics and rapid growth. What caused it. Testosterone secretion If an x-ray shows a black area of the epiphyseal plate what has happened Not completely calcified. What do we call the location where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification? Primary centers of ossification In which type of articulation are bones held together by ligaments called interosseous membranes Syndesmosis What is the function of bursa? Minimizes friction and acts as cushion. What provides smooth surface where bones meet? Articular or hyaline cartilage What do we call an abnormal forced extension beyond normal range of movement? Hyperextension Bones and their function Your patient is diagnosed with pituitary tumor. Where is the tumor located? Cella Turcica bone What do we call the junction of two pubic bones? Pubic symphysis What do we call the Olecranon process? Elbow If your patient was rear ended the trauma is what Whiplash Common is the name for patella The kneecap

What is the other name for shoulder blade?

scapula

Which type of bone cell have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

osteoclasts

Which type of bone cells lie in the lacunae?

osteocytes

What is a passageway that connects neighboring osteocytes in osteon?

canaliculi

What are the blood vessels that carry blood in the medulla cavity in the periosteum and run perpendicular to the bone?

Volkman’s canals

What is the carrying out surface of the bone called?

peiorsteum

What type of lamellae are found in osteons?

Concentric lamellae

What type of bone has trabeculae be present in?

spongey bone or cancellous bone

what is the function of the red bow marrow?

blood cell production

What is the cite of long terminal growth in long bones?

Epiphyseal plates

What do we call end of long bone?

epiphysis

What does normal bone growth require adequate amounts in the diet?

calcium, phosphorus, vitamin d

What is the sequence of events that produces growth in epiphyseal growth?

bone remodeling

Where is the sagittal suture found?

between two parietal bones

What type of joints is found in the appendicular skeleton?

synovial joints

The cubital joint or the elbow is an example of what type of joint?

hinge joint

the knee is an example of what type of joint

complex ellipsoid

What results from the failure of the maxillary bones that failed to fuse?

Cleft palate

Which portion of coxal bone does a person sit on?

Ischial tuberosity

Common name for sternum

Breastbone

The lateral malleolus is part of which bone

Fibula

Your patient is an avid runner and they complain about pain on their greater trochanter region. Where is it located?

Femur

Which cranial bone forms eyebrow ridges

Frontal

What is an exaggerated region of the lumbar region?

Londoris

What is an abnormal of lateral curvature of spine?

scoliosis

What is the 1st cervical vertebrae?

atlas

If your patient presented with a tumor in the posterior orbit what would be affected?

vision

Patient that presents with a fractured mandible has a broken what?

lower jaw

If new chondrocytes and new matrix is added on outside of tissue, what type of growth is it?

appositional growth

Your patient has been diagnosed with a fracture of the dens. Which bone is affected?

the axis

Which fibers are collagen fibers that connect ligaments and tendons throughout the periosteum of the bone?

sharpey’s fibers

What is the bone fracture in which the two bone sections do not separate?

hairline fracture

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air filled spaces. What are these called?

sinus

The flat bones of the skull develop from what type of formation.

intramembranous ossification

Bowing your head is an example of what type of movement.

flexion

What do we call the articulation of the teeth in the upper and lower jaws.

gomphosis

What substance is responsible for slippery synovial fluid?

hyaluronic acid

Which ligament is found at the head of the femur?

The ligamentum teres

Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posterior?

pronation

What’s the most common type of arthritis?

osteoarthritis

Which ligaments help keep the head erect?

ligamentum nuchae

What’s the condition in which there is failure for vertebral lamellae to fuse?

spina bifida

In what way are the thumb and big toe similar?

Two phalanges only proximal and distal

If your patient present with cerebral spinal fluid draining from ear where is there probably fracture located

temporal

What results from damage to a nucleus fibrosus and a release of nucleus pulposus?

Herniated discs

What do we call the connective tissue sheath of cartilage?

Perichondrium

What is weight bearing ability of bone matrix due to the presence of

Hydroxyapatite crystals

In osteogenesis imperfecta the cause would be abnormally formed what

Collagen

The proportion of what determines the strength of the bone.

Collagen to hydroxyapatite

What type of bone is organized into thin sheets of tissue?

compact lamellar bones

Which kind of bone contains interconnected plates called trabeculae?

spongy bone

What is the function of yellow bone marrow?

store adipose tissue or fat

What is proper event sequence in bone repair?

1. Hematoma formation

2. Callous formation

3. Callus Ossification

4. Bone remodeling

What happens when bones adjust to stress or when bones grow or fractures heal

bone-remodeling

You have a young boy as a patient and exhibited advanced development of sexual characteristics and rapid growth. What caused it.

Testosterone secretion

If an x-ray shows a black area of the epiphyseal plate what has happened

not completely calcified

What do we call the location where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification?

Primary centers of ossification

In which type of articulation are bones held together by ligaments called interosseous membranes

syndesmosis

what is the function of bursa?

minimizes friction and acta as cushion

What provides smooth surface where bones meet?

articular or hyaline cartilage

What do we call an abnormal forced extension beyond normal range of movement?

hyperextension

Your patient is diagnosed with pituitary tumor. Where is the tumor located?

Cella Turcica bone

What do we call the junction of two pubic bones?

pubic symphysis

What do we call the Olecranon process?

elbow

If your patient was rear ended the trauma is what

whiplash

common name for patella

kneecap