Industrialization / Arts & Crafts Movement

Houses of Parliament

London, England

Charles Barry & A.W.N. Pugin

English Gothic Revival

• English Gothic architecture was the appropriate style for national reflection of his faith & identity (Pugin)

• Barry is responsible for the plan while Pugin is for the ornamentation

• Use to house government branches

• Exterior and interior is done in Gothic Revival by Pugin

• Also called Westminster

• Central hall Rotunda

• Lancet Window to mark the connection to Westminster hall leading toward the Rotunda

• Emphasis on horizontality

What style of architecture is the Houses of Parliament?

Neoclassical & Gothic Revival

What U.S. building is similar to the Houses of Parliament? And how?

United States Capitol in Washington D.C. ; balance and symmetry but differ in style

What is special about this figure?

A hammer beam roof that survived the fire at the Houses of Parliament

English parliament were met at this hall and became an entrance to the new house

Why is the Industrial Revolution important in architecture?

New materials are introduced or refined for the production of architecture

First bridge to be created?

Cast iron bridge in UK by Thomas Pritchard

Bibliotheque Ste-Geneviève

Paris, France

Henri Labrouste

Neoclassical

• First public library in France during revolution

• Traditional (neoclassical facade) + modern materials ()

• Each of the bays has engraved names of authors from around the world

• Narrow structure

• Entryway sinks into the building rather than extended(showcases the facade more than the entrance)

• Lower level is used as a storage room for artifacts and old books & upper level is used for reading

What happened to monasteries after the revolution?

The buildings became a public space

Bibliotheque Ste-Geneviève

Paris, France

Henri Labrouste

Neoclassical

• Central hall

• Rear of building is the staircase

• Entry is carried on columns acting as a grand entryway

• Busts of authors along the walls as well as paintings

• Axial walkway

• Iron supports from the bottom up to allow greater amount of light to enter at the upper level but also introducing a new style

Crystal Palace

London, England

Joseph Paxton

Industrialization

• Made of glass housing the great exposition temporarily (glass, iron & wood)

• Used a center to showcase new products (inventions)

• Paxton wanted to show UK is the leader in an industrialized world

• Use of a giant glass arch in the middle