PART 1 - Psych. Wellness and Disability EXAM 2

Ch. 22, Ch. 21

Five Factor Theory of personality

neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness

neuroticism

negative affectivity (ex. anxiety or hostility)

extraversion

assertiveness, excitement seeking

openness to experience

appreciation of original ideas and adventure

agreeableness

altruism, compliance

conscientiousness

self-discipline, order

dysfunctional thinking patterns

black-or-white thinking, idealizing then devaluing other people or the self, distrustful suspicous thoughts, unusual or odd beliefs, perceptual distortion

overview of personality disorders

• cognition

• impulse control problems

• interpersonal problems (problematic thinking, feeling, behavior)

clusters of mental disorders concepts

A: odd and eccentric

B: dramatic, emotional, erratic

C: avoidant, dependent, obsessive, anxious

specific personality disorders in cluster A

• paranoid personality disorder

• schizoid personality disorder

• schizotypal personality disorder

specific personality disorders in cluster B

• antisocial personality disorder

• borderline personality disorder

• histrionic personality disorder

• narcissistic personality disorder

specific personality disorders in cluster C

• avoidant personality disorder

• dependent personality disorder

• obsessive compulsive PERSONALITY disorder

• obsessive compulsive disorder

paranoid personality disorder

characterized by a pervasive and persistant distrust and suspiciousness of others

how are people with paranoid personality disorder different from those with paranoid schizophrenia

they think their suspiciousness is plausible rather than psychotic

Schizoid personality disorder

pervasive pattern of social detachment and a restricted range of emotional expression in interpersonal settings

schizotypal personality disorder

pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort, reduced close relationships, cogntive/perceptual distortions

antisocial personality disorder

(B) pervasive pattern of disregard for, and a violation of the rights of others with a lack of empathy or remorse.

whats considered a precursor for antisocial personality disorder

conduct disorder (theft and violations)

borderline personality disorder teens and adolescence

teens: self harm, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, affective instability, innapropriate anger

adolesence to adulthood → symptomatic switch from emotional dysregulation to maladaptive interpersonal functioning

borderline personality disorder in older adults

persistance of emotional dysregulation, intense and unstable relationships, attachment insecurity, less impulsivity

histrionic personality disorder

pervasive and excessive emotions, attention seeking behaviors. seen as charming, dynamic, lively

narcissistic personality disorder

• struggle with gransiosity; self esteem fluctuations

• fluctuations in empathy

• relational difficulties

• intense emotional reactions to percieved threats to their self-experience

at risk of suicide and depression when they face a major wound to their self esteem

avoident personality disorder

social inhibition, feeling of inadequacies, hypersensitivity to critism

dependent personality disorder

pervasive and excessive fear of separation and need to be taken care of

obsessive compulsive personality disorder

preoccupation w/ orderliness, perfectionism, mental and interpersonal control THAT VIEW THEIR THINKING AS NORMAL AND BENEFICIAL

for personality disorder to be diagnosed in someone younger than 18, features must be present for

1 year or more

T/F: individuals under 18 can be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder

F

mentalization

the act of understanding the experiences and actions of oneself and others (example, children with parent relationship)

What disorder in cluster B has had the most work struggles (e.g unemployment)

BPD

personality disorders - occupational performance intervention considerations

work!, parenthood, sleep

what are anxiolytics used for

anxiety, agitation, insomnia

what are neuroleptics used for

psychosis

what are mood stabilizers used for

irritability, impulsivity, aggression

obsessions

recurent and persistant thoughts, urges, images that are experienced as intrusive and unwanted, cause anxiety

compulsions

repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are done due to the obsessions to reduce anxiety

how long should obsessions and compulsions consume in a persons day in order to be diagnosed

1hr a day

body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)

percieved flaws in appearance that is not seen to others

males typically will have muscle dysmorphia

Excessive, repetitive behaviors associated with all forms of BDD include

seeking reassurance about appearance, compulsive skin picking, excessive lifting of weights, using anabolic steroids, and having cosmetic surgical procedures

Hyperactivation of the ________ may play a role in obsessive thoughts

frontal cortex

neurochemical factors of obsessive disorders

serotonin, dopamine, glutamate

Across the life span, there are two periods when the incidence of OCD increases:

early onset: late childhood

late onset: early adulthood

is early onset or late onset OCD more heritable

early onset

cognitive impairments with OCD

cogitive flexability and decision making

most common used medications for OCD

SSRIs