1.2 Developments in Dar'Al Islam
Key Developments in Islam
Abbasid Caliphate- founded in the 8th century, it marked the golden age of islam with significant advancements in science, mathematics, and literature. However, by 1200, the Abbasid Empire was fragmenting
Rise of Turkic Empires- As the Abbasid power waned, new islamic empires emerged, primarily composed of turkic peoples:
Seljuk Empire: Established in the 11th century, they gained political power while the abbasid caliphs retained hominal authority
Mamluk Sultanate: originated from enslaved turkic warriors who seized power in egypt
Delhi Sultanate: established a muslim state in South Asia, ruling over the Indian population for about 300 years
Expansion of Islam
Military Expansion: establishment of states like the delhi sultanate
Merchant Activity: trade facilitated the spread of islam, practiculary in north africa and the mali empire
Missionary Efforts: Sufism emerged as a significant force, emphasizing mystical experiences accessible to all
Innovations and Contributions
during the golden age of islam, remarkable advancements were made
Mathematics: Nasir al Din al-Tusi invented trigonometry, which later influenced copernicus’s heliocentric theory
House of Wisdom: A renowned library in Baghdad where scholars preserved and translated greek Philosophical Works