WHAP Period 2 Vocab Terms
Definition: Belief that kings and queens have complete power, given by God.
Significance: This belief helped kings control their diverse subjects and grow their power.
Definition: A 17th-century Angolan queen who resisted Portuguese control by working with the Dutch.
Significance: She was a powerful African queen who fought European expansion.
Definition: A powerful kingdom in present-day Ghana from the 1700s.
Significance: Its role in the slave trade boosted its wealth and influence.
Definition: A trade system linking Africa (for goods), the Americas (for slaves), and Europe (for crops).
Significance: Gave Northern Europe dominance in global trade.
Definition: Russian noble landowners.
Significance: Lost power as Russian tsars centralized control.
Definition: A small ship developed by Portugal in the 15th century for exploration.
Significance: Enabled European exploration and colonization.
Definition: A large merchant ship in European waters from the 14th to 17th century.
Significance: Inspired ships used by Spain to transport wealth from the Americas.
Definition: The science and art of map-making.
Significance: Improved mapping encouraged global exploration.
Definition: A racial classification system in Hispanic America and the Philippines.
Significance: Controlled social order, affecting people’s roles and taxes.
Definition: The Catholic Church’s response to stop the spread of Protestantism.
Significance: Led to new efforts to attract converts and minor changes in the church.
Definition: People owned as property and bought, sold, or inherited.
Significance: Expanded the plantation economy and fueled racial tensions.
Definition: Exchange of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Americas and Europe.
Significance: Brought new foods to Europe but led to a decline in Native American populations.
Definition: White people of European descent born in the Americas.
Significance: Seen as inferior to Europeans born in Europe.
Definition: Ottoman system where non-Muslim children were taken to serve as soldiers or officials.
Significance: Helped maintain control over diverse groups in the Ottoman Empire.
Definition: A labor system that forced Native Americans to work on land for Spanish settlers.
Significance: Harsh conditions led to a reliance on African slaves.
Definition: Large estates primarily used for farming.
Significance: Created a peasant labor system that led to revolts.
Definition: Europeans worked for a period in exchange for passage to the Americas.
Significance: Used before African slave labor became widespread.
Definition: Companies funded by investors, reducing risk for exploration (e.g., Dutch East India Company).
Significance: Helped European countries grow wealthier and more powerful.
Definition: A central African kingdom that traded slaves with Europe.
Significance: Tried to control the slave trade to limit its effects.
Definition: A triangular sail that allowed ships to sail against the wind.
Significance: Brought about by Islamic and Asian influence on European technology.
Definition: Northern nomads who established a dynasty in China.
Significance: Controlled trade with Europeans and limited Chinese freedoms.
Definition: Communities formed by runaway slaves who defended themselves with guerrilla warfare.
Significance: Showed successful resistance to slavery in the Americas.
Definition: An economic policy aiming to export more than import to accumulate wealth.
Significance: Drove European competition for colonies.
Definition: Chinese dynasty known for reviving Confucian traditions and trade.
Significance: Later withdrew from global trade, leaving room for European dominance.
Definition: Incan labor tax system later used by the Spanish in silver mines.
Significance: Fueled silver mining in South America.
Definition: Conflicts where the Hindu Marathas resisted Mughal control in India.
Significance: Weakened Mughal rule and opened India to British influence.
Definition: System where people collected taxes for the government and kept a share.
Significance: Reduced influence of Ottoman landholding nobles.
Definition: A 100-year conflict between Sunni Ottomans and Shiite Safavids over territory.
Significance: Fostered Iranian nationalism as a Shiite state.
Definition: Economy in the Americas reliant on large estates and slave labor for crops.
Significance: Increased demand for slave labor.
Definition: Movement to reform the Catholic Church that led to the split into Protestantism.
Significance: Sparked religious competition in America.
Definition: Christian drive to expel Muslims and Jews from Spain.
Significance: Created a basis for religious conflict in Spain.
Definition: Samurai paid to work as government officials under the Tokugawa Shogunate.
Significance: Reduced the power of traditional samurai warriors.
Definition: A religion blending Hindu and Islamic beliefs, founded in the 1500s.
Significance: Opposed by the Mughal Empire, creating lasting religious tensions.
Definition: A valuable resource mined in the Americas, especially in Mexico and Peru.
Significance: Became the first global currency, boosting world trade.
Definition: Ming Dynasty policy collecting taxes in silver.
Significance: Increased China’s need for silver and trade with Europe.
Definition: Trade kingdom in the Middle East with strong Indian Ocean connections.
Significance: Resisted Portuguese control and dominated East African trade.
Definition: Blending of different cultural or religious beliefs.
Significance: Created unique cultural identities in the Americas and other colonies.
Definition: Japanese military government that brought 300 years of peace.
Significance: Limited European trade and centralized Japanese power.
Definition: Portuguese system of controlling trade routes without occupying land.
Significance: Increased European influence in global trade.
Definition: A grand palace built by Louis XIV of France to showcase his power.
Significance: Symbol of monarchial power.
Definition: A navigation technique used by Portuguese sailors.
Significance: Allowed Europeans to navigate the Atlantic trade routes.
Definition: A strict Islamic movement seeking to return to traditional practices.
Significance: Challenged the Ottoman Empire’s control over Islam.
Definition: Indian landowners under the Mughals who collected taxes.
Significance: Declined under British rule as the British took over
Definition: Belief that kings and queens have complete power, given by God.
Significance: This belief helped kings control their diverse subjects and grow their power.
Definition: A 17th-century Angolan queen who resisted Portuguese control by working with the Dutch.
Significance: She was a powerful African queen who fought European expansion.
Definition: A powerful kingdom in present-day Ghana from the 1700s.
Significance: Its role in the slave trade boosted its wealth and influence.
Definition: A trade system linking Africa (for goods), the Americas (for slaves), and Europe (for crops).
Significance: Gave Northern Europe dominance in global trade.
Definition: Russian noble landowners.
Significance: Lost power as Russian tsars centralized control.
Definition: A small ship developed by Portugal in the 15th century for exploration.
Significance: Enabled European exploration and colonization.
Definition: A large merchant ship in European waters from the 14th to 17th century.
Significance: Inspired ships used by Spain to transport wealth from the Americas.
Definition: The science and art of map-making.
Significance: Improved mapping encouraged global exploration.
Definition: A racial classification system in Hispanic America and the Philippines.
Significance: Controlled social order, affecting people’s roles and taxes.
Definition: The Catholic Church’s response to stop the spread of Protestantism.
Significance: Led to new efforts to attract converts and minor changes in the church.
Definition: People owned as property and bought, sold, or inherited.
Significance: Expanded the plantation economy and fueled racial tensions.
Definition: Exchange of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Americas and Europe.
Significance: Brought new foods to Europe but led to a decline in Native American populations.
Definition: White people of European descent born in the Americas.
Significance: Seen as inferior to Europeans born in Europe.
Definition: Ottoman system where non-Muslim children were taken to serve as soldiers or officials.
Significance: Helped maintain control over diverse groups in the Ottoman Empire.
Definition: A labor system that forced Native Americans to work on land for Spanish settlers.
Significance: Harsh conditions led to a reliance on African slaves.
Definition: Large estates primarily used for farming.
Significance: Created a peasant labor system that led to revolts.
Definition: Europeans worked for a period in exchange for passage to the Americas.
Significance: Used before African slave labor became widespread.
Definition: Companies funded by investors, reducing risk for exploration (e.g., Dutch East India Company).
Significance: Helped European countries grow wealthier and more powerful.
Definition: A central African kingdom that traded slaves with Europe.
Significance: Tried to control the slave trade to limit its effects.
Definition: A triangular sail that allowed ships to sail against the wind.
Significance: Brought about by Islamic and Asian influence on European technology.
Definition: Northern nomads who established a dynasty in China.
Significance: Controlled trade with Europeans and limited Chinese freedoms.
Definition: Communities formed by runaway slaves who defended themselves with guerrilla warfare.
Significance: Showed successful resistance to slavery in the Americas.
Definition: An economic policy aiming to export more than import to accumulate wealth.
Significance: Drove European competition for colonies.
Definition: Chinese dynasty known for reviving Confucian traditions and trade.
Significance: Later withdrew from global trade, leaving room for European dominance.
Definition: Incan labor tax system later used by the Spanish in silver mines.
Significance: Fueled silver mining in South America.
Definition: Conflicts where the Hindu Marathas resisted Mughal control in India.
Significance: Weakened Mughal rule and opened India to British influence.
Definition: System where people collected taxes for the government and kept a share.
Significance: Reduced influence of Ottoman landholding nobles.
Definition: A 100-year conflict between Sunni Ottomans and Shiite Safavids over territory.
Significance: Fostered Iranian nationalism as a Shiite state.
Definition: Economy in the Americas reliant on large estates and slave labor for crops.
Significance: Increased demand for slave labor.
Definition: Movement to reform the Catholic Church that led to the split into Protestantism.
Significance: Sparked religious competition in America.
Definition: Christian drive to expel Muslims and Jews from Spain.
Significance: Created a basis for religious conflict in Spain.
Definition: Samurai paid to work as government officials under the Tokugawa Shogunate.
Significance: Reduced the power of traditional samurai warriors.
Definition: A religion blending Hindu and Islamic beliefs, founded in the 1500s.
Significance: Opposed by the Mughal Empire, creating lasting religious tensions.
Definition: A valuable resource mined in the Americas, especially in Mexico and Peru.
Significance: Became the first global currency, boosting world trade.
Definition: Ming Dynasty policy collecting taxes in silver.
Significance: Increased China’s need for silver and trade with Europe.
Definition: Trade kingdom in the Middle East with strong Indian Ocean connections.
Significance: Resisted Portuguese control and dominated East African trade.
Definition: Blending of different cultural or religious beliefs.
Significance: Created unique cultural identities in the Americas and other colonies.
Definition: Japanese military government that brought 300 years of peace.
Significance: Limited European trade and centralized Japanese power.
Definition: Portuguese system of controlling trade routes without occupying land.
Significance: Increased European influence in global trade.
Definition: A grand palace built by Louis XIV of France to showcase his power.
Significance: Symbol of monarchial power.
Definition: A navigation technique used by Portuguese sailors.
Significance: Allowed Europeans to navigate the Atlantic trade routes.
Definition: A strict Islamic movement seeking to return to traditional practices.
Significance: Challenged the Ottoman Empire’s control over Islam.
Definition: Indian landowners under the Mughals who collected taxes.
Significance: Declined under British rule as the British took over
