Part 1: Human Development to 600 B.C.E

Modern Human Migration Timeline

200 B.C.E to 100 B.C.E

^^The Beginning^^

• Modern humans first appeared in East Asia
• Survived by hunting animals, foraging for seeds, and edible plants.
• Lived in small groups + no permanent home
• New environments added cultural + genetic differences
• Learned new technology like Fire + making stone tools + creating artworks
• New Belief System called Animism (worshipping deities associated with features of nature)
• Showed patriarchy early on but was mainly egalitarian (Believed everyone should have equal rights)

100 B.C.E to 10,000 B.C.E

^^First Migration^^

• End of Major Ice Age
• Humans moved towards other continents but did not go to Antarctica

10,000 B.C.E to 8,000 B.C.E

^^Start of Agricultural Revolution^^

• Climate changing to a more plant friendly environment
• Humans start planting crops and Raising animals
• Increased surplus in food (First time having enough food for everyone in history)
• Allowed people to specialize in one job
• @@Affects of specialization?@@

1. Population grew
2. People becoming highly skilled in one are without having to worry about hunting or gathering
3. Developed new Technology — Improvement in irrigation system, new use for the wheel in transportation, new ways of making tools and art by making use of different stones.
4. Making new extensive Governments + Taxation — Keeping records + taxes = invention of writing
5. Greediness for power + resources = Development of Government
6. Increase of social class separation by wealth and occupation + status of women declined

8,000 B.C.E to 600 B.C.E

^^First Civilizations^^

City - State = an independent state made up of a city and its surrounding territories

==Mesopotamia==

• Located: Region around the Tigres + Euphrates // also known as Iraq
• City States made up many highly patriarchal societies + built in monumental architecture (Exp: Temples called Ziggurats) + engaging actively in long distance trade
• Religion: Polytheistic

==Egypt==

• Located: Near the Nile River
• Highly centralized government under one ruler + complex system of mathematics
• Example of Monumental Architecture: Pyramids showed pharaohs power + burial site for the rich and powerful
• Woman allowed to have property + equal to men in court
• Woman had the most rights in this society
• Religion: Polytheistic

==Indus==

• Located: Along the Indus River in South Asia
• Cities like Harappa + Mohenjo Daro engaged in long distance trades + developed Technology like indoor plumbing + planned layout areas
• Language never deciphered = less info known about society
• Religion: Polytheistic

==China==

• Located: Along Huang He in northern China
• highly patriarchal + centralized system developed
• Distinct Feature: Special Honor Given to ancestors
• Religion: Buddism

==Non-River Valley Civilizations==

• The Olmec in Mesoamerica and the Chavin in the Andes