High Track mind: intentional thinking; aware of surroundings

Low track mind: Not exactly aware (Driving, texting)

Selective attention: Cocktail party effect, which is switching our attention

Unintentional blindness: Missing things outside of our primary focus

Change blindness: missing subtle changes around us

How long is each sleep cycle? 90 minutes

Five reasons we need to sleep

1. Protected our ancestors

2. Restores and repairs the brain

3. Strengthens our memories

4. Facilitates creative problem-solving

5. A time when growth hormones are active

sleep debt: Needing to catch up on the hours you lost

Five Effects of No Sleep

1. lose brain power

2. Gain weight

3. Get sick

4. Be irritable

5. Feel old

Consciousness: Awareness of ourselves and our environment, A person mental thoughts, and imagining

Biological rhythms: Rhythms that govern things like energy, appetite, and sleep

Circadian rhythms: Bodies natural 24 hour cycle matched to Day and night and the cycle of light andDark

Ultradian rhythms: Bodies yearly cycle, Seasonal depression

Infradian rhythms: In frequent rhythms like menstrual cycle

Melatonin: suprachiasmatic nucleus is triggered by sunlight to release melatonin, Which causes sleepiness

Electroencephalograph (EEG): Measures brain waves

Spindles: Spikes during stage two— Irregular waves

Delta sleep: Heaviest sleep

REM sleep: Rapid eye movement, Active brain waves, Paradoxical sleep

Sleep apnea: Stop breathing several times a minute

Narcolepsy: Sleep attacks, Randomly falling asleep

Somnambulism: sleepwalking

Night terrors: Waking up scared with no real reason

Psychoactive drugs: Any substance that alters Perceptions and mood

Dependence: Absence of a drug that leads to feeling physical pain, cravings (physical) and negative emotions (Psychological)

Withdrawal: Upon stopping the use of drugs, users may experience undesirable effects

Tolerance: Continued use of psychoactive drugs with repeated exposure of drugs. It takes longer for the drug to work.

Depressants: Reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Barbiturates: Depresses the activity of CNS, reducing anxiety, but impairing memory and judgment

Opiates: Morphine, heroin, depresses, neural activity, temporarily lessening pain, and anxiety—Highly addictive

Alcohol: Affects motor skills, judgment, and memory, reducing self-awareness

Stimulants: Drugs that excite, neural activity and speed up body functions

Ecstasy (MDMA): euphoria that can damage serotonin-producing neurons, which results in a permanent deflation of mood and impairment of memory

Cocaine: Immediate euphoria followed by a crash

Hallucinogens: Psychedelic drugs, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

LSD: Powerful hallucinogenic drugs that is known as acid

THC: Major active ingredient in marijuana

Examples of psychoactive drugs: Stimulant, depressants and hallucinogens

Examples of depressants: Alcohol opiates, barbiturates

examples of stimulants: Caffeine nicotine cocaine, caffeine, ecstasy, and amphetamine

Biological drug use: Genetic tendencies

Psychological drug use: Lack of purpose, or stress

Social cultural drug use: Urban environment or peer influences