Untitled Flashcard Set

Yr 11 General PE Studies – Sport Psychology

Revision Notes

Listed below are key concepts related to this unit. Define each in your own words. Where appropriate, explain how each component has an impact on performance or provide examples.

·      Skills and strategies required for team building – Tuckman’s Model of Group Development

o   Compromise (Stage 1 Forming, Stage 2 Storming, Social Cohesion)

o   commitment to group goals (Stage 3 Norming, Task Cohesion)

o   respect for others’ values and trust (Stage 4 Performing & Task & Social Cohesion)

Define

·      Group Cohesion

·      Task Cohesion

·      Social Cohesion

·      Behaviour

Developing Task Cohesion

Task cohesion can be developed by;

•       Communicating clearly and regularly so all members understand their roles and responsibilities

•       Having clear and understood expectations / norms

•       Making clear what everyone must do for the team to achieve its goals

•       Developing pride within subunits – defence, midfield, attack

•       Set challenging but realistic goals for the team as a whole and for individual players – players are involved in this process

Developing Social Cohesion

Social cohesion can be developed by;

•       Encouraging social interaction away from the sport. e.g. paintballing, bbq’s.

•       Maintain open and honest communication

•       Resolve conflicts quickly

•       Do team building activities e.g. pre-season camps

•       Establish team standards of presentation

•       Develop trust and respect within the group

•       Develop informal roles within the group e.g. fines master.

•       Role of mental skills in creating a mind set to improve performance

o   know yourself

o   use positive mental talk

o   believe in yourself

o   use your mind’s eye (mental imagery)

o   learn from success and failure

·      Self-confidence

o   Self-confidence is an individual’s belief that they will execute a given task successfully. – It is made up of:

§  Self-efficacy

·      The change in an individual’s self-confidence as a result of a given situation is referred to as self-efficacy.

§  Self-belief

·      Self Talk

o   Self Talk – Involves talking or thinking to yourself prior to or during performance.

o   Positive self-talk:

§  can be motivational or instructional

§  benefits performance by;

·      Re-enforcing skill learning

·      Changing bad habits

·      Motivating the Performer

·      Focusing Attention

·      Building Self-Confidence

·      Mental imagery

o   Imagery – The mental recreation, using as many senses as possible, of a successful past performance or skill.

o   Effective imagery involves much more than simply ‘seeing’ how a performance should be executed. It calls on as many senses as possible during the rehearsal stage: typically, these are visual, kinaesthetic, auditory & tactile

Kinaesthetic senses allow us to feel our body as it moves through different actions; sensory nerves in muscles, joints & tendons provide us with feedback.

Auditory senses are used to monitor the way your playing environment sounds.

Tactile sense allows you to take in how the equipment you are using feels.

Visual Senses are used to allow you to imagine seeing what the playing environment/shot looks like

Types of Imagery

1.     Internal – where you imagine what you would see if you were performing the skill

2.     External – where you watch your performance from the view of an external observer