APES Project 3 Key Terms

1.4 - The Carbon Cycle

Carbon sinks/reservoirs

Carbon source

Photosynthesis

Respiration

Combustion

Decomposition

Sedimentation

Burial

Compaction

Sedimentary rock

Extraction

1.5 - The Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen sink/reservoir

Nitrogen source

Nitrogen fixation

Biotic fixation

Abiotic fixation

Assimilation

Ammonification

Nitrification

Denitrification

Leaching

Eutrophication

1.6 - Phosphorus Cycle

Phosphorus sink/reservoir

Weathering

Phosphate mining

Geologic uplift

Sedimentation

Assimilation

Eutrophication

1.7 - Hydrologic Cycle

Water sinks/reservoirs

Precipitation

Evaporation

Transpiration

Evapotranspiration

Runoff

Infiltration

4.2 - Soil Formation & Erosion

Sand

Silt

Clay

Humus

Nutrients

Physical weathering

Biological weathering

Chemical weathering

Parent material

Topography

Soil profile

Soil horizons

O-Horizon

A-Horizon

B-Horizon

C-Horizon
Soil degradation

Compaction

Nutrient depletion

4.3 - Soil Composition & Properties

Soil texture

Porosity

Soil texture chart/Soil triangle

Loam

Permeability

Water holding capacity

Soil fertility

4.6 - Watersheds

Slope

Divide

Headwaters/source

Tributary

Floodplain

Estuary

Wetlands

Turbidity

Riparian zone

5.3 - Green Revolution

Green revolution

subsistence farming

Industrial agriculture

Agribusiness

Mechanization (of agriculture)

High-yield variety crops

GMOs/ GMO crops

Organic fertilizer

Synthetic fertilizer

Irrigation

DDT

5.4 - Impacts of Agricultural Practices

Monocropping

Tilling

Slash and burn agriculture

5.5 - Irrigation

Furrow irrigation

Flood irrigation

Spray irrigation

Drip irrigation

Waterlogging

Soil aeration

Soil salinization

Groundwater

Aquifer

Groundwater recharge

Unconfined aquifer

Confined aquifer

Saltwater intrusion

Cone of depression

5.6 - Pest Control Methods

Pesticides

Rodenticides

Fungicides

Insecticides

Herbicides

Pesticide resistance

Pesticide treadmill

Roundup ready crops

5.7 - Meat Production Methods

CAFOs/feedlots

Manure lagoon

E.coli

Ammonia

Growth hormones

Free range grazing

Overgrazing

Soil compaction

Desertification

Rotational grazing

5.14 - IPM

Integrated Pest Management

Biocontrol

Crop rotation

Intercropping

5.15 - Sustainable Agriculture

Soil conservation

Contour plowing

Terracing

Perennial crops

Windbreaks

No till

Strip cropping

Crop rotation

Green manure

Limestone

Acidic soil

Aluminum toxicity (of soil)

Rotational grazing

8.3 - Endocrine Disruptors 

Endocrine disruptor

Atrazine

DDT 

Phthalates

Mercury/Methylmercury

Lead

Arsenic

8.4 - Impacts to Wetlands & Mangroves

Wetland

Water diversions

Dams

8.5 - Eutrophication

Eutrophication

Bacterial decomposition

Aerobic decomposition

Oligotrophic waterway

Mesotrophic

Eutrophic

Hypoxia

Dead Zone

Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone

8.7 - POPs

Persistent Organic Pollutant

Fat-soluble/lipophilic

DDT

Phthalates

BPA 

Dioxin

PCBs

Perchlorate

8.8 - Biomagnification

Bioaccumulation

Biomagnification

DDT 

Methylmercury

8.11 - Sewage Treatment

Primary treatment

Secondary treatment

Aeration tank

Aerobic decomposition

Tertiary treatment

Ecological treatment

Chemical treatment

Disinfection

Effluent

Sludge

8.12/13 LD50 & Dose-Response Curves

Dose-Response Curve

Toxicity threshold

LD50

ED50

Acute study

Chronic study