Interventional Radiology and Fluoroscopy Summary

Interventional Radiology (IR) and Fluoroscopy - RAD5504-B Notes

Module Overview

• Instructor: Kay Hizzett (Lead), Nicola Singh, Gareth Iball, Erin Berry, Ash Bardwell

• Module Importance: Focus on evolution and role of IR in modern medicine.

• Core Learning Outcomes:

  • Describe the importance of IR in patient care.

  • Understand basic IR principles and responsibilities of radiographers.

Module Aims

• Enable accurate performance of fluoroscopic and interventional imaging techniques.

• Emphasis on maintaining patient safety, environmental safety, and multiprofessional teamwork.

Learning Outcomes by Category

1. Patient Monitoring & Care

   • Interpret monitoring data during fluoroscopy.

   • Identify signs of complications and emergencies pre-, during, and post-procedure.

2. Sterile Techniques

   • Employ sterile techniques to minimize hazard, contamination, and manage waste/spillage.

3. Anatomical Knowledge

   • Identify normal vascular appearances, pathophysiological processes, and common pathologies via fluoroscopy.

4. Imaging Techniques

   • Demonstrate knowledge of radiation protection, drug preparation, and imaging for diagnostics.

Assessment Format

• Computerized Assessment: Quiz on CANVAS with varied questions; 1-hour duration.

• Formative Assessment: Mock exam with revision seminar support.

Key Study Topics

• Vascular anatomy

• Drug utilization in IR

• Equipment used in IR

• Radiation safety protocols

• Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) roles and communication

• Patient care processes in IR practices

• Infection control measures

Readiness Assurance Tests (RATs)

• Comprises 20 multiple-choice questions.

• Can be taken individually or in teams to assess knowledge and readiness for practical applications.

  • Individual RATs: Assign marks to quiz questions based on certainty.

  • Team RATs: Points awarded based on correctness and agreement on answers.

Understanding Interventional Radiology (IR)

• Definition: Minimally invasive diagnosis/treatment using imaging for targeted intervention.

• Benefits of IR:

  • Adjuvant to traditional surgery.

  • Targets interventions with imaging support.

Typical Procedures in IR

• Cardiac catheterizations, vascular interventions, biopsies, drainage, etc.

• Conditions treated include:

  • Blocked arteries, cancer therapies, trauma interventions, etc.

Patient Characteristics in IR

• Patients may be unfit for surgery, referred late in illness, or unable to comply with traditional procedures.

• Common conditions among IR patients:

  • Diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and various vascular disorders.

Interdisciplinary Approach in IR

• Collaboration among various health professionals (HCPs) is crucial for optimal patient care.

• Involves consultant radiologists, nurses, scrub and recovery teams, and technical support staff.

Role of Radiographers in IR

• Key Responsibilities:

  • Ensure patient preparation and comfort.

  • Manage equipment and imaging acquisition.

  • Maintain high standards for radiation safety and quality assurance.

  • Provide assistance during procedures through real-time imaging and patient monitoring.

• Radiographers are integral in post-procedural care, documentation, and reporting.

Challenges in Radiation Safety

• Need for strict adherence to safety protocols by all team members to minimize exposure risks during procedures.

History and Development of IR

• Key Milestones:

  • 1929: First heart catheterization by Werner Forssmann.

  • 1953: First selective angiography.

  • 1960s: Introduction of angioplasty by Charles Dotter.

  • Ongoing advancements in imaging and intervention technologies.

Advantages and Disadvantages of IR

• Advantages:

  • Minimally invasive, shorter recovery times, outpatient procedures, and lower overall costs.

• Disadvantages:

  • High demand, limited availability, and potential complications from procedures.

Conclusion

• Understanding IR is essential for future radiographers to excel in a rapidly evolving field, ensuring high-quality care through teamwork and expertise in imaging and patient management.