portugal geography test, 8th grade pt; cultures and globalization

culture; importance, identity factors, types

Culture → Everything that defines a group of people: language, traditions, beliefs, food, and ways of life.
Cultural Diversity → The existence of different cultures in the world or in the same place.
Multiculturalism → When different cultures exist together in the same society but remain separate.
Interculturality → When different cultures mix, communicate, and influence each other.
Acculturation → When one culture absorbs elements of another, often due to migration or colonization.

Factors of Cultural Identity

what makes a group unique?

Language → The way people communicate (e.g., Portuguese, English, Mandarin).
Race & Ethnicity → Physical traits (race) and cultural background (ethnicity).
Religion → Beliefs and spiritual practices (e.g., Christianity, judaism, Hinduism).
Customs & Traditions → Celebrations, clothing, music, and rituals that pass through generations.

Types of Cultural Heritage

what a society preserves from its past.

Material Heritage → Physical objects like buildings, monuments, paintings, and books (e.g., the Eiffel Tower, Egyptian pyramids).
Immaterial Heritage → Non-physical traditions like music, dance, folklore, and oral stories (e.g., Fado music in Portugal).

Importance of Culture

whys culture importan?

culture shapes identity and makes people feel connected to a group.

It preserves traditions for future generations.
It helps economies through tourism and cultural industries.

globalization: meaning, pros & cons

What is globalization?

Globalization is the connection between countries through trade, communication, and migration. It makes the world more interconnected.

pros of globalization:

✅ Easier access to information and technology.
✅ More job opportunities and economic growth.
✅ Cultural exchange, allowing people to experience other traditions.

cons of Globalization:

❌ Loss of local cultures due to the spread of dominant cultures (e.g., English replacing indigenous languages).
❌ Economic inequality, where rich countries benefit more than poor ones.
❌ Environmental damage due to increased industrial production and transportation.