Why Students don't use drugs

• Spirituality

• Academic engagement

• Perceived harmfulness

• Athletics

Why Students Do!

• Parental attitudes

• Positive expectations

• Social Influence

• Self Medication

• Social Norms

Drug misuse: use of drugs for purpose (or person) other than which it was medically intended.

Drug: any substance, other than food, that affects bodily functions.

Toxicity: poisonous

Polyabuse: misuse or abuse of more than one drug.

Oral dosage: most common method, thirty minutes to feel the drug

Inhalation: Less than ten seconds

Subcutaneous Injection: About ten minutes

Intramuscular Injection: within a few minutes

Intravenous Injection: immediately.

Caffeine: Most widely used psychotropic (Mind-affecting) drug.

Marijuana

Mild sense of euphoria, sense of slowed time, dreamy type of self-absorption, some impairment in thinking and communicating.

Marijuana withdrawal syndrome: characterized by insomnia, restlessness, loss of appetite, and irritability.

• Negative long term effects of marijuana

• Dulls sensory and cognitive skills

• Impairs short term memory

• Leads to difficulty in concentration

• Increased heart rate and blood pressure

• Increases risk for lung cancer

Synthetic Marijuana

Elevated mood, relaxation, altered perception, agitation, nausea, paranoia, anxiety, dizziness, confusion.

Synthetic Cathinone (Bath Salts)

Intense stimulation, alertness, euphoria, and increased sociability, adverse side effects include: paranoia, agitation and hallucinations

Ecstasy

Stimulant and mildly hallucinogenic

How user feel: Peace with self and connectedness with others

Risks: confusion, depression, involuntary teeth clenching, rapid eye moving

Stimulants: Amphetamine/Methamphetamine

How Users feel

Amphetamines produce  state of hyper-alertness and energy

Meth, psychosis, violence, seizures.

Long term side effects: Malnutrition, skin disorders, depression, impaired concentration or memory

Cocaine

Feelings of soaring well-being and boundless energy

Withdrawal symptoms: depression, fatigue, vivid and disturbing dreams.

Severe psychological problems

Suppresses desire for food, sex, and sleep

Can cause strokes, seizures, and neurological damage.

Depressants

How users feel: reduce or relieve tension, but may cause rapid mood changes and impaired judgment.

Opioids

How users feel:  Relax the user, and impart feelings of euphoria while acting as powerful narcotics or painkillers.

Side effects: addiction, lethargy, weight loss, insomnia, and restlessness.

Hallucinogens

Drugs that produce vivid and unusual changes in thought, self-awareness, emotion, and perception.

Natural sources: peyote cactus, and psychedelic mushrooms, LDS, PCD

Inhalants

Vapors that cause psychoactive effects when inhaled or sniffed (huffing)

Side effects: depressed muscle tone, damage to the liver and kidneys

Why students don't drink

• No access

• Parental Pressure

• Peer Pressure

• Costs

Why they do

• Social Norms

• Living Arrangements

• Positive Expectations

• Coping

Men- no more than two drinks per day

Women- No more than one drink per day

Binge drinking: Men- five or more drinks

Women, Four or more drinks

Why students binge drink?

• Low cost

• Easy access

• Peer pressure/drinking games 

Consequences Of Drinking

• Atypical behavior

• Academic Problems

• Risky sexual behavior

• Unintentional injury

BAC LVL

0.08 percent- legal limit

0.20 percent- individual may pass out

0.30 percent- individual may go into a coma

0.40 percent- individual may die (Lethal)

Factors that affect BAC

• How much and how quickly you drink

• What you're drinking

• Your size

• Eating

Alcohol Intoxication

• Slurred speech

• Poor coordination

• Unsteady gait

• Stupor

• coma

Alcohol Poisoning

• Mental confusion

• Stupor

• Coma

• Vomiting

• Slow breathing

Alcohol in a typical drink reaches the bloodstream in fifteen minutes.

Effects of alcohol abuse

• Weakens heart muscles

• Destroys brain cells

• Destroys liver cells

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

• Small head

• Abnormal; facial features

• Mentally challenged

Medical complications

• Liver disease

• Cancer

• Brain Damage

• Higher mortality 

What causes alcohol dependence and abuse

• Genetics

• Stress and traumatic experiences

• Parental alcoholism

• Drug abuse

Factors linked to smoking

• Age

• Education

Why students smoke

• Reduce stress

• Can’t stop

• Social smoker

• experiment

Why do they keep smoking?

• Pleasure

• Mental disorders

• Dependence

• Signs of addiction first appear within a few days of smoking

• Women are at a greater risk of lung cancer, decreased fertility, increased risk of miscarriage

• Men are at a greater risk of prostate cancer, impaired sexual performance, and erectile dysfunction

Nicotine spreads to the nervous system in 8 seconds

Triggers the release of tranquilizing morphine like amino acids

Bloodstream absorbs nicotine

Heartbeat quickens

Vessels constrict causing higher blood pressure

Mainstream smoke

Smoke inhaled directly by smoking a cigarette

Sidestream smoke

The smoke emitted by a burning cigarette and breathed by everyone in a closed room, including the smoker.

Nicotine Withdrawal

Signs: craving, restlessness, increased appetite

FYI..

• A smokers lifespan is shorter on average by 7 to 10 years

• Heart attack is the leading cause of death in smokers

• Smoking causes 80% of lung cancer