Reform

• Colonists loyal to England

• 1/3- Patriots, 1/3- Loyalists, 1/3- Neutral

• Colonial mobactivity intimidatory

• Relocate 100k loyalist (leave america)

African Americans

• Increase Abolitionism (North by 1810)

• 1793- Cotton Gin

  • E. Whitney

  • Remove seeds

  • Textiles

  • North U.S

  • Great Britain

• B. Bannaker (Chemist)

• P. Wheatley (Boston Muse)

Women

• New England (Eased Divorce rules)

• A.Adams

  • Women’s rights

  • letters

• 1790- NJ

  • Women Suffrage/Women’s voting

  • Local Laws

  • Repealed

Blue Prints

• State Constitution

  • Charter

• Written doc

  • Records

  • Trial

• Natural Rights

  • 8/13- Bill of Rights

• Legislative Power

• Taxation

• Bicameral-Two House Legislature

Articles Govt

• 1775-1787

• Articles of Confederation (states)

• Wartime Govt

• Unicameral Legislature

• No executive

• No courts

• Weak central govt

  • provided defense-no tax power- 13/13 Amendment

Northwest Ordinance

• Funding

  • Selling of public land

• Accomplishment

• Plan to get statehood

• Population

  • 5000 units

    • Elective assembles

  • 2-60k → constitution

    • Apply to be a state

• Free/banned states

• Bill of Rights

  • income (1 sq mile)

    • public schools

Federal Issues

• Trade Population Currency

• Inflation

• Debts

  • Mortgages

• Nationalist Movement “Newburgh”

Foreign Issues

• British debts

• Spain/Miss River

  • closing access to River

• Congress Apathy

  • 13/13

  • Attendance is not good

Crisis

• 1786- Annapolis Conv (Congress Apathy)

  • 5/13

  • 2nd meeting/Phila

• 1786- Shay’s Rebellion

  • West Mass

  • Farm

  • Vet from Revolution

  • Fed Courthouse

  • Mass Militia

Convention

• May 1787

  • Sept

  • 55 delegates

  • Changes to AOC

  • Farmers, merchants, lawyers

  • Leader James Madison

• Secret (until complete)

• New govt

• Madison- V.A plan “Big State" population

  • Representation

• Paterson- NJ Plan

  • equal

• Connecticut plan

  • Senate (equal)

  • House of Representatives- pop

Compromise

• Lower - House of Rep - population

• Upper - Senate - equal

• Slavery - regionalism

  • Apportionment

• Counting States

• 3/5 Compromise

• South/North

  • 20 years

• Executive

  • President

  • 4 yrs

  • No limit

• Electoral College

Obstacles

• Slavery

• Bill of Rights (states)

• Process for Ratification

  • State conventions

    • yes

    • no

• 1st Delaware, 12th Rhode

  • 9/13 -

    • VA

    • NYC

    • Penn

    • Mass

Ratification

• Federalists - Pro-constitution

• Anti- Federalists - Against - Constitution (Bill of Rights)

• Federalist Papers

  • Hamilton

  • Madison

  • Jay

  • NY

  • Fed NO. 1

Bill of Rights

• 1788-89

  • Madison

• 1-10 amendments