Lesson_1

Knowing Oneself

Importance of Self-Understanding

• Understanding oneself is fundamental to understanding others.

Personality and Temperament

• Self-administered temperament test outcomes:

  • Describes personality and temperament.

  • Different temperaments: Choleric, Melancholic, Sanguine, Phlegmatic.

• Temperament Descriptions:

  • Sanguine: Fun-loving, outgoing, extroverted.

  • Choleric: Goal-oriented, focused, extroverted.

  • Melancholic: Detailed, introspective, introverted.

  • Phlegmatic: Easy-going, stable, introverted.

Self-Concept

• Definition of Self-Concept:

  • The perceptions and beliefs one holds about oneself.

  • Composed of physical appearance, abilities, and social character.

• Components of Self-Concept:

  • Self-image: How you perceive yourself (may not align with reality).

  • Ideal self: The person one aspires to be.

  • Self-esteem: How you value yourself as a person.

Congruence in Self-Concept

• Incongruence can negatively affect self-worth.

• Achieving congruence between self-image and ideal self is crucial.

• Unconditional positive regard towards oneself aids this congruence.

Aspects of Self-Concept

• Physical Self: Observable traits (e.g., height, skin color).

• Social Self: Behavior in social situations and impacts of interactions.

• Competent Self: Perception of abilities in academic or social contexts.

• Inner/Psychological Self: Values, beliefs, motivations—revealed to trusted individuals.

Influence of Others on Self-Concept

• Other people, including parents, peers, and media, play a critical role in shaping one's self-concept.