Word List - COMPLETE

à-la-carte: A style of dining where each dish is ordered separately rather than as part of a set menu.

aardvark: A nocturnal burrowing mammal native to Africa with a long snout and large ears that feeds primarily on ants and termites.

Abadan: A city in Iran known for its oil refinery and strategic location.

abate: To reduce in amount, degree, or intensity; to lessen.

abhorrence: A feeling of repulsion or disgust; a strong aversion.

able-bodied: Physically fit and capable of performing manual labor or other physical activities.

abscissa: The horizontal coordinate in a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, representing the distance from the vertical axis.

absorbefacient: A substance capable of causing absorption, especially into tissue or cells.

acanthus: A plant of the genus Acanthus, known for its ornamental leaves and thorny appearance, often used in architecture.

acciaccatura: A musical ornament or grace note played quickly before the main note, typically in classical music.

acclimatization: The process of adjustment to a new climate or environment.

accumbent: Referring to a lying down position; reclining.

acerbity: Sharpness of tone, temper, or manner; bitterness.

achondroplasia: A genetic disorder resulting in dwarfism due to improper cartilage formation.

acolyte: A person assisting a priest or minister in a religious service.

actinomycosis: A chronic bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species, affecting tissues in the body.

ad hominem: An argument attacking a person's character rather than addressing the argument itself.

ad nauseam: A phrase meaning to a point of nausea; to the point of excessive repetition.

adamant: Firm in purpose or opinion; unyielding and inflexible.

addlepated: Confused or muddled; being scatterbrained or forgetful.

adenoma: A benign tumor formed from glandular tissue.

admiralty: The rank or office of an admiral, or a specific area of law governing naval forces and maritime issues.

adulate: To excessively praise or admire.

adumbration: A foreshadowing or a subtle hint; a shadowy or indistinct representation.

adventuresome: Willing to take risks or try new experiences; bold in spirit.

adynamia: A state of physical weakness or loss of strength.

aerophobia: An irrational fear of flying or airplanes.

affianced: Engaged to be married.

agglomerate: To collect or form into a mass or cluster.

aggravation: An increase in the severity of a problem or situation; annoyance or irritation.

agitato: A musical term indicating a fast, agitated tempo.

agog: Very eager or excited to hear or see something.

aileron: A hinged flight control surface on an aircraft wing used to control the roll of the aircraft.

akinesia: The loss of the power of voluntary movement, often used in relation to certain neurological disorders.

albuterol: A medication used to treat asthma and other conditions by relaxing the muscles in the airways.

aldermancy: Divination or forecasting the future by interpreting patterns of insects or other natural signs.

algebraic: Pertaining to algebra or involving algebraic expressions.

aliment: Something that nourishes or sustains; food.

alla breve: A musical time signature indicating two beats per measure, typically notated with a cut common time signature.

allude: To refer to something indirectly or casually.

altazimuth: A type of telescope mount or coordinate system that allows for both horizontal and vertical movement.

altruistic: Showing a selfless concern for the well-being of others; unselfish.

Alzheimer’s disease: A progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and cognitive decline.

amarelle: A type of tart plum or cherry, often used in cooking or preserves.

Americanize: To adapt or influence to make more American in character or form.

amoxicillin: An antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections.

amperage: The strength of an electric current expressed in amperes.

amphisbaena: A mythical creature depicted as a serpent with a head at either end.

amulet: An object worn for protection or luck, often inscribed with a charm.

amygdaline: Pertaining to almonds or resembling almonds, often used in botany or medicine.

anacrusis: An unaccented note or notes at the beginning of a musical phrase.

analogous: Similar or comparable in certain respects, making a comparison possible.

anaphylaxis: A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

anathematize: To condemn or curse formally, often in a religious context.

andesite: A fine-grained volcanic rock, often used in construction.

Andorra: A small landlocked principality in the eastern Pyrenees mountains.

anemia: A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood.

anemometry: The measurement of wind speed and direction.

Anglophile: A person who is fond of or admires English culture, history, and people.

anguished: Experiencing severe mental or physical pain or distress.

ankylosis: Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones.

annular ligament: A band of connective tissue that surrounds a joint, particularly in the fingers and toes.

anopheles: A genus of mosquitoes known as vectors for malaria.

Antarctica: The southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole, characterized by its ice-covered terrain.

antepenultimate: Referring to the third from the end in a series.

anthropometry: The study of the measurements and proportions of the human body.

anticyclone: A weather system characterized by high pressure and calm, dry conditions.

antimacassar: A cloth placed over the back of a chair to protect the fabric from oil and dirt.

antinome: A contradiction or opposition between two established laws or conditions.

antiphony: A form of vocal music in which two distinct choirs or groups alternate in singing.

antiphrasis: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used in a way that is opposite to its literal meaning.

aortography: An imaging technique used to visualize the aorta.

aperçu: A brief and insightful observation or description.

aplomb: Self-confidence or assurance in one's manner.

apolitical: Not interested or involved in politics.

appertain: To relate to or concern something; to belong to.

appoggiatura: A melodic grace note that is approached by a leap and usually resolves down to a main note.

apprehensible: Capable of being understood; intelligible.

aquamarine: A blue or turquoise variety of beryl, often used as a gemstone.

Aquarius: The zodiac sign for those born between January 20 and February 18, associated with the Water Bearer.

Aramaic: An ancient Semitic language that was widely used in the Near East and is known from biblical texts.

archaeopteryx: An early bird-like dinosaur regarded as a crucial link between reptiles and birds.

archdiocese: A district under the direct jurisdiction of an archbishop.

arenaceous: Composed of sand; sandy in texture.

argumentation: The process of reasoning systematically in support of an idea or action.

Aristophanes: An ancient Greek playwright known for his comedic works, particularly during the Golden Age of Athens.

arrogance: An attitude of superiority manifested in an overbearing manner.

artifact: An object made by a human being, typically of cultural or historical interest.

ascetic: A person who practices severe self-discipline and abstains from all forms of indulgence for religious reasons.

asocial: Avoiding social interactions or not participating in social events.

aspidistra: A plant with long, broad leaves often used as a houseplant.

assimilable: Capable of being absorbed or incorporated; fitting in.

astragal: A term used in anatomy relating to a bone in the ankle joint; also refers to a decorative molding.

atamasco lily: A flowering plant native to the southeastern United States, recognized for its striking purple flowers.

atomism: A philosophical theory that states that everything is composed of indivisible units called atoms.

au-courant: Fully informed; up-to-date on relevant topics or ideas.

aubergine: A plant also known as the eggplant, valued for its edible fruit, often used in cooking.

Auckland: A major city in New Zealand located on the North Island, known for its vibrant culture and natural scenery.

Augean: Referring to an extremely difficult or laborious task, often used in historical contexts.

auricular: Related to the ear or the sense of hearing.

auspice: A favorable circumstance or support; often used in the context of guidance.

australopithecine: A genus of early hominids widely regarded as a precursor to modern humans.

automatism: A technique in psychology where actions are performed without conscious thought.

Averno: A volcanic lake in Italy, traditionally associated with the underworld.

aversion: A strong dislike or disinclination towards something.

avionics: The electronic systems used in aviation, including navigation, communication, and control systems.

avoirdupois: A system of weights based on a pound of 16 ounces, often used in commerce.

Babbitt metal: A soft metal alloy used to make bearings in machinery.

bacteriophage: A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria.

bafflement: A state of bewilderment or confusion.

Baghdad: The capital city of Iraq, known for its historical and cultural significance.

balalaika: A Russian stringed musical instrument with a triangular body and a fretted neck.

balladeer: A singer or composer of ballads, often telling stories through music.

ballistics: The science of the motion of projectiles, such as bullets or missiles.

Balthazar: A name derived from one of the Three Wise Men in Christian tradition, also sometimes used in fiction.

banjoist: A musician who plays the banjo.

barberry: A thorny shrub known for its acidic red or yellow berries.

Barents Sea: A body of water located in the Arctic, north of Russia and Norway.

bas-relief: A type of sculpture characterized by shallow depth, often used in architectural decoration.

bateaux: A French term for boats or small vessels, often used in contexts relating to rivers or canals.

Batesian-mimicry: A form of mimicry where a harmless species evolves to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species.

bauble: A small, showy trinket or decoration, often of little value.

Bavarian: Relating to Bavaria, a region in Germany, often associated with specific cultural practices and traditions.

béarnaise sauce: A sauce made with clarified butter, egg yolks, and fresh herbs, often served with meat.

beatification: The act of declaring a deceased person as blessed, typically in a religious context.

beau ideal: An ideal type of person, entity, or thing; a model or standard of perfection.

bedlamite: A person who is insane or deranged; often used in a historical context referring to the mentally ill.

bel esprit: A person of refined intellect or wit.

Benghazi, Bengasi: A city in Libya known for its historical significance and as a site of conflict in recent history.

bequest: A legacy or inheritance; something passed down through a will.

besotted: Strongly infatuated or obsessed, often to the point of being foolish.

Bethesda: A city in Maryland, USA; often associated with healthcare and education institutions.

bibliomancy: The practice of using books, especially sacred texts, to foresee the future or gain insight.

bicaudal: Having two tails; bi-tailed, often used in the context of zoology.

bildungsroman: A literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of its main character, usually from youth to adulthood.

bilious: Relating to bile; characterized by an excess of bile, often used to describe a sickly condition.

bimaxillary: Relating to or affecting both upper and lower jaws.

bioassay: An experimental procedure used to assess the effects of a substance on living organisms.

bireme: An ancient galley with two rows of oars.

bisector: A line that divides an angle or shape into two equal parts.

blazonry: The art of heraldry; the display of coats of arms and heraldic symbolism.

blepharospasm: An involuntary tight closure of the eyelids, often associated with muscle spasms.

bois de rose: A type of rosewood used in fine furniture and musical instruments.

Bolshevik, bolshevik: A member of the wing of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party that seized power in Russia in 1917.

bombastically: In a pompous or inflated manner; excessively elaborate.

boondoggle: A wasteful or pointless activity, often funded with taxpayer money.

Boötes: A constellation in the northern sky, named after a Greek herdsman.

boreal, Boreal: Relating to the northern regions; often refers to northern ecosystems characterized by coniferous forests.

borzoi: A breed of dog recognized for its long, slender build, excellent at hunting.

bouillabaisse: A traditional Provençal fish stew made with various types of fish, shellfish, and aromatic spices.

bradylogia: A speech disorder characterized by slow, deliberate speech.

brannigan: A playful or comical undertaking, often used in the context of a small challenge or task.

bresaola: An air-dried, salted beef that is typically thinly sliced and served as an appetizer.

brilliantine: A hair product used to give a glossy finish and manageability.

brocade: A rich, decorative fabric, often made of silk and characterized by intricate patterns.

bromeliad: A diverse group of tropical plants, many of which have a rosette form and are often epiphytic.

Bronx cheer: A derisive sound made by sticking the tongue between the lips and blowing, often used to mock.

brucellosis: An infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, often transmitted from animals to humans.

Brunei: A small, wealthy sovereign state located on the island of Borneo, known for its sultanate ruling system.

Bucharest: The capital city of Romania, known for its historical architecture and cultural significance.

bullion: Gold or silver in bulk form, often referring to precious metals that are not in coin form.

burgeon, bourgeon: To begin to grow or increase rapidly; to flourish.

Byronic: Characterized by a romanticized but flawed or brooding hero, derived from Lord Byron's writings.

cabretta: A type of soft leather made from the hair of the hair sheep, used for gloves.

cachinnation: Loud or boisterous laughter.

caconym: A name that is misleading or incorrect based on its etymology or forming conventions.

cadmium: A chemical element (Cd) often used in batteries and protective coatings, known for its toxicity.

caïque: A small boat used for fishing, common in the Mediterranean and Black seas.

caisson disease: A condition caused by the formation of gas bubbles in the body due to rapid decompression, also known as decompression sickness.

caldera: A large volcanic crater that results from the collapse of a volcano following an eruption.

calque: A word or phrase borrowed from another language, translated literally into the borrowing language.

calumny: A false and defamatory statement about someone, intended to harm their reputation.

canaille: A term referring to the common people or the lower social classes; often used derogatorily.

cannonade: A heavy, continuous fire of artillery or gunfire.

canvasser: A person who solicits or conducts surveys, often going door-to-door.

capriccioso: A musical term indicating a playful, whimsical manner.

carafe: A glass bottle used to serve wine or other beverages.

carbuncular: Pertaining to a carbuncle, a cluster of boils or a deep-seated skin infection.

carcinogenic: Having the potential to cause cancer.

carnassial: Relating to the teeth adapted for shearing, particularly in carnivorous animals.

carne asada: Grilled beef, often served as a dish in Mexican cuisine, typically seasoned with spices.

carpaccio (food): A dish of raw meat or fish, thinly sliced and often served as an appetizer.

cassoulet: A slow-cooked bean stew originating from France, traditionally made with meat or sausages.

catalepsy: A medical condition characterized by a trance-like state and loss of voluntary movement.

catamaran: A type of boat or ship featuring two parallel hulls.

catarrh: An inflammation of a mucous membrane, often causing excessive mucus production, particularly in the nose and throat.

catenate: To link things together in a chain or series.

catholic, Catholic: Pertaining to or characteristic of the Roman Catholic Church or its followers; also refers to broadly universal attributes.

catoptric: Relating to the reflection of light, especially in optical devices involving mirrors.

caucus: A meeting of members of a political party or organization to make decisions or plan strategy.

cause célèbre (singular): A well-known controversial issue or situation that attracts public attention.

caveat: A warning or proviso of specific stipulations, conditions, or limitations.

cayenne pepper: A hot chili pepper used as a spice in cooking, known for its pungent and spicy flavor.

ceilometer: An instrument used to measure the height of the cloud base.

celibacy: The state of abstaining from marriage or sexual relations, often for religious reasons.

cembalo: The Italian term for harpsichord, a stringed instrument played by means of a keyboard.

centripetal: Relating to a force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directing it toward the center.

cerecloth: A cloth coated with wax, often used to wrap items for protection.

certitude: The state of being absolutely certain or confident about something.

cesarean section, caesarean section: A surgical procedure to deliver a baby through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus.

ceteris paribus: A Latin phrase meaning "all other things being equal." It assumes other factors remain constant when evaluating a particular factor's effect.

chalcedony, calcedony: A translucent or opaque variety of quartz known for its different colors and patterns.

chance-medley: An accidental or unintended outcome, often used in legal contexts to refer to a random event.

chanoyu: The Japanese term for the ceremonial preparation and serving of matcha (green tea).

Charybdis: A mythical sea monster in Greek mythology, associated with a whirlpool.

chassé: A dance step in which one foot chases the other, used in ballet and other forms of dance.

chelate: A chemical compound in which a metal ion is bonded to a large organic molecule to form a ring structure.

chemise: A loose-fitting garment, often worn underneath other clothes.

chemolithoautotroph: A type of organism that obtains energy from inorganic compounds and utilizes carbon dioxide for carbon.

chest of drawers: A piece of furniture with multiple drawers for storing clothes.

chevelure: A term describing a person's hair or hairstyle.

chiasmus: A rhetorical device in which words or concepts are repeated in reverse order.

chiromancy: The practice of palmistry; interpreting a person's character by examining the features of their hands.

choreographer: A person who composes and arranges dances for performances.

chow mein: A Chinese dish consisting of stir-fried noodles with vegetables and meat or shrimp.

chrestomathy: A collection of passages or excerpts from various authors, often used for educational purposes.

chrysalis: The pupal stage of an insect, especially butterflies, when it undergoes transformation.

cicatrize: To heal or form a scar on a wound.

cinerarium: A vault or building used to hold ashes from cremation.

cinquecento: Referring to the 16th century in Italian art, particularly the High Renaissance.

circumambient: Surrounding or encircling.

circumscribe: To limit or restrict something within certain bounds.

cisalpine: Referring to areas on the southern side of the Alps, particularly in relation to distinguishing it from Transalpine areas.

classicist: A person who studies or adheres to the principles of classical art and literature.

clear-air turbulence: Sudden, unexpected turbulence that occurs in clear air, often at high altitudes.

cloisonné: An enameling technique in which metal strips are used to separate different areas of color.

coadjutant: A person who assists or helps another in a task, often in a supporting role.

coaxial cable: A type of electrical cable consisting of an inner conductor surrounded by an insulating layer, often used for television and internet connections.

cocklebur: A prickly weed known for its burr-like seed pods.

coconspirator: A person who actively assists another in committing a crime or conspiracy.

codicillary: Related to a codicil, an addition or supplement to a will.

coeval: Existing at the same time or age; contemporaneous.

cognitive: Relating to mental processes of perception, memory, judgment, and reasoning.

coho salmon: A species of salmon native to the Pacific Ocean, valued for its mild flavor.

coiffeur: A French term for a hairdresser or barber.

collegium: A collective group of colleagues, often refers to a body of professionals in a specific field.

colonnade: A row of columns supporting a roof or entablature.

comestibles: Items of food or edible provisions.

comme il faut: A French term meaning "as is proper" or "as is right" in contexts of etiquette.

commitment: The state of being dedicated to a cause or activity.

communiqué: An official announcement or statement, especially one made to the media.

composite, Composite: Made up of various components or elements; can refer to materials or artistic works.

computerese: Language or terminology used in computing and information technology.

con spirito: A musical directive meaning "with spirit," indicating lively playing.

conciliar: Relating to a council, particularly in a religious or formal assembly context.

concurrence: Agreement or alignment in opinion or action.

condonation: The act of excusing or overlooking an offense or fault.

congeries: A collection or assemblage of different items or things.

congruency: The quality of being congruent or in agreement; harmony.

connotation: The associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression, in addition to its explicit or primary meaning.

conquistador: A Spanish explorer or conqueror, especially those who conquered parts of Latin America in the 16th century.

consanguinity: The state of being related by blood, often used in legal or biological contexts.

conspiracy theory: A belief that explains an event or phenomenon as the result of a secret, often sinister, plot by a group.

consuetude: The established practice or custom pertaining to rules or behaviors.

conterminous: Sharing a boundary or borders with another entity; adjacent.

contortionist: A performer who demonstrates extreme flexibility and agility in their body movements.

contretemps: An unexpected and unfortunate occurrence or disagreement; a minor dispute.

convoluted: Intricate or complicated; difficult to follow or understand due to excessive detail.

Copenhagen: The capital city of Denmark, known for its historical, cultural, and architectural beauty.

coquetry: Behavior intended to attract attention, love, or admiration; flirtation.

coreligionist: A person of the same religion or faith as another.

coronary bypass surgery: A surgical procedure that restores blood flow to the heart by diverting blood around a blocked artery.

corrigible: Capable of being corrected, reformed, or improved.

cosmopolite: A person who is well-traveled and knowledgeable about many cultures; a citizen of the world.

countercoup: A coup that attempts to counter or reverse the effects of a previous coup.

counterintelligence: Activities designed to prevent espionage and intelligence gathering by hostile entities.

couscous: A North African dish made from steamed durum wheat that is often served with meat or vegetables.

covenantee: A person who is granted rights under a covenant or agreement.

craniofacial: Relating to the bones of the skull and face; often used in medical contexts.

credulous: Having a tendency to be too ready to believe something; gullible.

crematorium: A facility for cremating deceased individuals; a place for disposing of bodies by fire.

crenate: Having a scalloped or wavy edge, often used in botanical or architectural contexts.

crepuscular: Active during twilight, specifically at dawn or dusk.

Creüsa: A character from classical mythology, often referenced in literature.

Cro-Magnon: An early modern human that lived during the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe.

crosier, crozier: A ceremonial staff or crook held by bishops and other high-ranking clergy, used as a symbol of authority.

crucible: A vessel where metals or other substances are subjected to high heat for melting or refining; also can symbolize a severe trial or test.

crypt: An underground burial chamber or vault, often associated with churches.

cue card: A card with prompts or key points used in speech or performance to aid memory.

cui-ui: A native fish species from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, facing environmental challenges.

curettage: A surgical procedure to remove tissue or abnormal growths from a body cavity.

curriculum vitae: A detailed summary of one’s education, qualifications, and work experience, typically used in academia or job applications.

curvilinear: Composed of or characterized by curved lines; often used in geometry and design.

cyclopean, Cyclopean: A term related to large or massive constructions, often associated with ancient cultures.

cystectomy: A surgical procedure to remove all or part of the urinary bladder.

Dachau: A town in Germany, known for the first Nazi concentration camp established during World War II.

dacquoise: A dessert made from layers of almond or hazelnut meringue and cream.

daguerreotype: An early photographic process that produces a positive image on a silvered copper plate.

damage control: The process of managing a situation to minimize negative effects or public relations fallout.

Dantesque: Relating to the style or themes of works by Dante Alighieri, often dark and profound.

Dar es Salaam: The largest city in Tanzania, serving as a key economic and cultural center.

dashiki: A loose-fitting shirt with an elaborate pattern, typically worn in West African cultures.

de trop: A French term meaning excessively or inappropriate; unsuitable in a particular context.

debacle: A sudden and ignominious failure or collapse.

debarred: Excluded or prevented from participating in or doing something.

debility: A state of weakness or infirmity; a condition of being feeble.

Debussy: A French composer known for his contributions to Impressionist music.

decagon: A ten-sided polygon.

decaliter, dekaliter: A metric unit of volume equal to ten liters.

decemvir: An official in ancient Rome serving on a board of ten members.

declassification: The process of removing a classification or secrecy label, making information available to the public.

decrepitude: The state of being worn out or weakened due to age or neglect.

deducible: Capable of being derived or inferred from a general principle or fact.

defenestrate: To throw someone or something out of a window; often used metaphorically.

definitive: Serving to provide a final solution or decision; conclusive.

defray: To provide money to pay a cost or expense.

defunct: No longer existing, functioning, or in use; obsolete.

degenerate: Having lost the physical, mental, or moral qualities considered normal or desirable.

deism: The belief in a rational God who does not interfere in the universe created by Him.

Delphic: Relating to the ancient Greek oracle at Delphi, often used to describe ambiguous or cryptic statements.

demersal: Referring to fish or other organisms that live at or near the bottom of a body of water.

demijohn: A large bottle with a narrow neck used for storing liquids, often in fermentation.

democratization: The process of making a political system more democratic by involving a greater number of people in decision-making.

Democritus: An ancient Greek philosopher known for his early theories on atomism.

demoniac: Pertaining to demons or evil spirits; often used to describe violent or outrageous behavior.

demulcent: A soothing or softening substance, often used in medicine to relieve irritation.

demurrage: A charge incurred for the detention of a vehicle or container beyond the allowed time.

dendriform: Tree-like in shape or structure.

denomination: A recognized autonomous group of religious congregations; also refers to a classification or name for currency.

denouement, dénouement: The final resolution or clarification of a dramatic plot, often in literature.

deontology: The study of moral duty and obligation; often contrasted with consequentialism.

deportee: A person who is expelled from a country or region, often for legal or political reasons.

deprivation: The state of being deprived of something; loss of essential needs or luxuries.

deracinate: To uproot or remove completely from a place or environment.

derring-do: Action involving bravery or daring; adventurous deeds, often in a playful or exaggerated context.

Des Moines: The capital city of Iowa, USA, known as an administrative and cultural center.

desecrate: To treat a sacred place or thing with violent disrespect or to violate its holiness.

desideratum: A thing that is desired or considered necessary.

desquamate: To shed or peel the outer layers of skin.

deterge: To cleanse or remove impurities; often used in medicine for cleaning wounds.

deterioration: The process of becoming progressively worse; decline in quality or condition.

devastator: One who or that which causes severe destruction or ruin.

devoid: Completely lacking; without any or not possessing anything.

diabetes insipidus: A rare disorder characterized by excessive thirst and the production of large volumes of dilute urine due to insufficient antidiuretic hormone.

dialectic: A method of argument or debate that involves contradiction and reconciliation of ideas.

diamante, diamanté: A seven-line poem shaped like a diamond, usually discussing two contrasting topics.

diazinon: An organophosphate insecticide often used in agriculture.

dieffenbachia, Dieffenbachia: A genus of tropical plants known for their large, patterned leaves, often grown as houseplants.

differentiate: To recognize or ascertain what makes someone or something different from others.

digitization: The process of converting information into a digital format for use on computers.

diktat: An order or decree imposed with authority, often without the agreement of those affected.

diminutive: Extremely or unusually small; smaller than the norm for a particular category.

dimorphism: The occurrence of two different forms or morphs in the same species, often in relation to physical characteristics.

Dionysian, dionysian: Pertaining to the Greek god Dionysus, often used to describe qualities of indulgence and ecstasy in art or culture.

disaccharide: A sugar molecule formed from two monosaccharides; common examples include sucrose and lactose.

discographer: A person who studies or catalogs records and CDs, often in relation to music history.

discordant: Disagreeing or conflicting; not harmonious in sound or relationships.

discursive: Digressing from the main point; covering a wide range of topics in writing or speech.

disparagement: The act of speaking about someone or something in a way that shows strong disapproval and lack of respect.

dispensation: An exemption from a rule or usual requirement; also a term used to describe a divine order or arrangement.

dissertation: A long essay or thesis on a particular subject, especially submitted for a doctoral degree.

dissever: To separate or divide something, often in a violent manner.

distensible: Capable of being stretched or expanded.

diurnal: Active during the day; of or relating to a 24-hour cycle.

divestiture: The act of selling or disposing of an asset or investment.

doe-eyed: Having large, round, innocent-looking eyes; often used to describe someone endearing or naive.

dolce vita: An Italian phrase meaning "the sweet life," often referring to a lifestyle of extravagant pleasure and enjoyment.

domicile: A permanent legal residence or home.

donnée: A term referring to a piece of given information or facts that serve as a basis for reasoning or analysis.

doublespeak: Language that deliberately obscures or alters meaning, often used in political contexts.

doubting Thomas: A term used to describe someone who is skeptical and does not believe something without direct evidence.

dracaena, Dracaena: A genus of plants known for their striking foliage and often grown indoors as ornamental plants.

dramatic monologue: A long speech by a character in a play that reveals their thoughts and feelings to the audience.

dreadlocks: A type of hairstyle formed by matting or braiding hair into rope-like strands.

dual-purpose: Designed for or capable of serving more than one function or purpose.

dulcify: To make sweeter or more agreeable; to soften or calm.

duopsony: A market situation in which there are only a few buyers for a product or service.

dura mater: The tough outermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord.

dyad: A pair of elements or individuals considered in relation to each other.

dysfunction: Abnormality or impairment in the functioning of a particular system or part, often used medically.

E. coli: A type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals, some strains of which can cause illness.

earth art: Artistic works created in nature using natural materials, often on a large scale.

eau de cologne (singular): A lightly scented perfume typically used for personal fragrance.

echelon: A level or rank in an organization or hierarchy.

echinoid: A class of marine animals known as echinoderms that includes sea urchins and sand dollars.

ectogenous: Originating outside of the organism, often used in biological contexts to describe infections or development.

editor in chief: The primary editor responsible for the overall content decisions in a publication or organization.

efferent: Carrying away from a central organ or point; typically refers to nerve fibers or blood vessels.

effluxion: The process of flowing out; often used in reference to time passing.

effrontery: Insolent or impertinent behavior; audacity or nerve.

egads: An exclamation of surprise or dismay.

egalitarian: Seeking equality in rights and opportunities for all individuals.

eisteddfod: An annual festival of literature, music, and performance held in Wales.

élan: Enthusiastic and assured vigor and liveliness; often associated with style.

eldercare: Care and support provided to elderly individuals, often relating to health and daily living assistance.

electrocution: Death or severe injury caused by electric shock.

elixir: A magical or medicinal potion; a solution or remedy for a problem.

eluviation: The process of leaching out soluble materials from upper layers of soil, often affecting its composition.

embarrassment: A feeling of self-consciousness or awkwardness, often due to an unexpected situation.

embolden: To give someone the courage or confidence to do something.

embryectomy: A surgical procedure involving the removal of an embryo.

emery board: A small file made out of emery used primarily for shaping nails.

emigrant: A person who leaves their native country to settle in another.

empoison: To make poisonous; to contaminate with toxic substances.

en bloc: In a group; as a whole.

en rapport: In harmony or agreement; being in a close connection with others.

enarthrosis: A type of joint that allows for a wide range of movement, such as the hip joint.

encephaloma: A tumor originating in the brain or involving brain tissue.

endergonic: Referring to a reaction that absorbs energy or work from the surroundings.

ennead: A group of nine, often referring to the ancient Egyptian god form.

ennui: A feeling of listlessness or dissatisfaction arising from a lack of occupation or excitement.

ensanguine: To cover or stain with blood.

enteritis: Inflammation of the intestines, often resulting in pain and gastrointestinal symptoms.

entrepreneurial: Pertaining to the creation and organization of new businesses or projects, often with a focus on innovation.

enwreathe: To encircle or envelop completely, often with something like a vine or flower.

enzymes: Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.

epergne: An ornamental centerpiece for a dining table, often used to hold fruit or flowers.

epicanthic fold: A skin fold of the upper eyelid that covers the inner corner of the eye, commonly found in East Asian populations.

epicycloid: A curve traced by a point on the circumference of a smaller circle as it rolls around the outside of a larger circle.

epigrammatic: Characterized by short, witty, or clever statements; succinct and impactful writing.

epistolary: Relating to the writing or correspondence of letters, often used in literature to describe novels written in letter format.

equinox: The time when the sun crosses the equator, resulting in equal day and night lengths.

eremitic: Relating to hermits; characterized by a solitary lifestyle often for religious reasons.

eremurus, Eremurus: A genus of flowering plants known as desert lilies, often found in Central Asia.

Eritrea: A country in the Horn of Africa bordered by Sudan, Ethiopia, and the Red Sea.

erstwhile: Formally; in the past; previously.

erudite: Having or showing great knowledge or learning.

erythema: Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow, often due to inflammation.

eschatology: The study of the end times or final events in history, often in a religious context.

espalier: A method of growing and training trees to grow flat against a wall or trellis.

Essene: A member of an ancient Jewish sect that lived a communal life and practiced asceticism.

Ethiopian: Relating to Ethiopia or its people; can also refer to the ancient civilization associated with the region.

étouffée (singular): A Louisiana dish made of seafood or meat simmered in a thick sauce, often served over rice.

Eucharist: A Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper, often involving the consumption of bread and wine.

euphuism: An elaborate and balanced style of writing, often characterized by excessive use of literary devices such as alliteration and metaphor.

eurythermal: Capable of surviving or thriving in a wide range of temperatures; often used in ecology.

evanesce: To gradually disappear or fade away.

evangelism: The spreading of the Christian gospel by public preaching or personal witness.

evolutionary: Pertaining to the gradual development of species or organisms over time through natural selection.

ex post facto: A Latin term meaning "from a thing done afterward," referring to laws applied retroactively.

ex vivo: Relating to biological processes or experiments done on tissue from an organism in an external environment.

excelsior: A type of shredded wood often used for packaging; also means "ever upward" in Latin.

exclusionary: Tending to exclude or prevent participation by certain groups; often has negative connotations in social policies.

excrescence: An abnormal growth or projection on a body or surface, often considered non-essential.

excruciatingly: In an intense and agonizing manner, often used descriptively for pain or discomfort.

exegete: A person skilled in interpreting sacred texts or scriptures.

exempli gratia: A Latin term meaning "for example," used to introduce examples.

exiguous: Very small in amount; scanty or meager.

exoteric: A term describing knowledge that is understood by or suitable for the general public rather than esoteric; widely accessible.

exotically: In a manner that is strikingly unusual or different, often in appearance or style.

expectorate: To cough or spit out from the throat or lungs.

exponentiation: The mathematical operation of raising a number to the power of another number.

expunge: To erase or remove completely, often referring to records or memories.

exscind: To cut out or remove altogether; to eradicate.

extirpate: To remove or destroy completely; to exterminate.

extraneous: Irrelevant or unrelated to the subject matter; unnecessary.

extraterritorial: Pertaining to outside of a nation’s territory, often in regards to laws and jurisdiction.

extrinsic: Coming from outside; not inherent or internal to the subject.

exuviae: The remains or cast-off outer skins or shells of organisms, often used in entomology.

façadism, facadism: A practice in architecture where existing facades are retained while the interior is modified or replaced.

factionalize: To divide into factions or separate groups with differing opinions.

faience, faïence: A type of glazed ceramic ware, especially associated with decorative pottery.

falafel, felafel: A Middle Eastern dish made of ground chickpeas or fava beans, shaped into balls or patties and deep-fried.

Falstaffian: Characterized by a roguish character of exuberance and appetite for life, named after the character Falstaff in Shakespeare's works.

farinaceous: Containing or composed of starch; resembling or relating to flour or meal.

fatigable: Capable of being tired or fatigued; susceptible to weariness.

faux-naïf, faux-naif: An artistic style that mimics the naïve style while incorporating sophisticated concepts.

faveolate: Having a honeycomb-like structure or appearance.

febrifacient: A substance that reduces fever or causes a lowering of body temperature.

felicitous: Well-suited or appropriate; marked by happiness or good fortune.

fenestration: The arrangement or design of windows in a structure or building.

fermata: A musical term indicating a pause or hold on a note, allowing it to be sustained longer.

fermium: A synthetic, radioactive element with the symbol fm.

fervency: Intense and passionate emotional expression; zeal.

fibrillation: An abnormal, rapid, and unsynchronized contraction of muscle fibers, particularly in the heart.

fibromyalgia: A chronic condition characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and sensitivity in the muscles and joints.

fiery: Full of strong emotion, often characterized by a passionate or intense nature.

Filipino: Relating to the Philippines, its culture, people, or language.

flagellant: A person who engages in flagellation; often used in historical religious contexts.

flambéing: A cooking technique where alcohol is added to a hot pan to create flames.

flameout: A failure in a rocket engine or the stopping of combustion, often leading to a loss of thrust.

flavonoid: A group of natural substances found in plants characterized by a common chemical structure, known for their antioxidant properties.

flews: The drooping or sagging folds of skin around the mouth of a dog or animal.

floribunda: A type of rose characterized by clusters of blooms rather than singular ones.

fluky, flukey: Characterized by chance or randomness; unpredictable.

fluoroscopy: A medical imaging technique that provides real-time moving images of the interior of the body.

fluvial: Relating to rivers or streams; characterized by the action of rivers in shaping landscapes.

folderol: Nonsense or foolishness; trivial or absurd things.

fomite: Objects or materials that are likely to carry infection, such as clothing or utensils.

fool’s errand: A task that is futile or pointless, often because success is impossible.

force majeure: A legal term referring to an unforeseen event that prevents someone from fulfilling a contract.

formaldehyde: A chemical used in embalming and as a preservative in laboratories, known for its pungent odor.

fractionalize: To divide into smaller parts or fractions; to distribute among multiple parties.

frappé: A cold preparation of coffee or other beverages where ice is blended into the drink.

fraught: Filled with or likely to result in something unpleasant; often used to describe situations with tension or problems.

frenzied: Wildly excited or uncontrolled, often due to extreme agitation; chaotic.

frondescent: Characterized by the presence of leaves or foliage.

fumarole: An opening in the Earth's crust that emits steam and gases, often associated with volcanic activity.

funerary: Relating to funeral rites or the treatment of the dead.

furtively: In a way that attempts to avoid notice, often due to guilt or secrecy.

Gadsden Purchase: An agreement between the U.S. and Mexico in 1854 where the U.S. acquired land in present-day southern Arizona and New Mexico.

galantine: A dish of prepared meat, often served cold and adorned with aspic or jelly.

gambado: A lively dance, formerly popular in England.

ganglion: A cluster of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system.

gastroenterology: A branch of medicine focusing on the digestive system and its disorders.

gaucherie: Social awkwardness or tactlessness.

geisha: A traditional Japanese female entertainer skilled in performing various arts, including music and dance.

gender-neutral: Not identifying with a particular gender; inclusive of all gender identities.

generative: Capable of producing, creating, or bringing forth; often used in linguistic contexts.

geneticist: A scientist specializing in the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation.

gentrification: The process of changing the character of a neighborhood through the influx of more affluent residents or businesses.

geostrategy: A field of study that analyzes the geographic factors that influence national and international political strategies.

gerund: A form of a verb that functions as a noun, often ending in 'ing' (e.g., running, swimming).

gestic: Pertaining to gestures or the use of gestures in communication.

gesundheit: A German word used to wish someone good health after sneezing.

giardia, Giardia: A genus of parasites that can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans and animals.

gilt-edged: Of superior quality; often used to refer to government securities.

glaciologist: A scientist who studies glaciers and ice sheets, focusing on their structure, movement, and impact on environments.

glissando: A musical technique of sliding from one note to another in a smooth or continuous manner.

Gloucester: A city in England with both historical and contemporary significance.

goethite: A brown iron mineral commonly used as a pigment in art and industry.

golem: A creature from Jewish folklore, often made from clay or mud, brought to life through magical means.

googol: A large number represented by 10 raised to the power of 100.

Gorgonzola: An Italian blue cheese known for its creamy texture and strong flavor.

gossipmonger: A person who spreads rumors or engages in gossip.

gourami: A tropical fish known for its bright colors and peaceful nature, often kept in aquariums.

gramineous: Relating to or resembling grass; belonging to the grass family.

granuloma: A small area of inflammation in tissue, often a sign of a chronic or persistent condition.

Greenwich time: The mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, often the basis for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

grimalkin: A term used to refer to an old cat or a scheming woman.

groupthink: A phenomenon where the desire for harmony or conformity in a group results in irrational decision-making.

guayabera: A traditional Mexican shirt characterized by its loose fit and decorative pleats.

guelder rose: A flowering shrub known for its ornamental clusters of white flowers and red berries.

gulag, Gulag: A government agency in the Soviet Union that administered forced labor camps, synonymous with political repression and imprisonment.

gurus: Influential teachers or experts in a particular field, often used in spiritual or philosophical contexts.

Gutenberg: Johann Gutenberg, the inventor of the printing press in the 15th century, facilitating the spread of knowledge.

gymkhana: A sporting event consisting of races or contests involving various equestrian skills.

gyral: Pertaining to a gyration or circular motion; often used in neuroscience to refer to ridges in the brain's surface.

haberdasher: A retailer dealing in men’s clothing, especially hats and accessories.

habitué: A frequent or regular visitor to a particular place, such as a cafe or club.

hagioscope: A device for looking into a church or chapel, allowing views of ceremonies from a distance.

hammertoe: A deformity of the toe that causes it to bend downward at the middle joint.

Hare Krishna: A movement within Hinduism that stresses devotion to Lord Krishna, often associated with the practice of chanting.

harum-scarum: Recklessly or irresponsibly adventurous; carelessly silly.

hasenpfeffer: A traditional German dish made from marinated rabbit or hare, often cooked with spices and served as a stew.

hawthorn (shrub): A type of flowering shrub or small tree; known for its white or pink blossoms and red berries.

heathenish: Pertaining to or resembling heathens; often used in a pejorative context to refer to those lacking a specific religion.

heavy-handed: Lacking grace or subtlety; often used to describe forceful or aggressive methods.

Hebraist: A scholar of Hebrew language and literature.

hectored: Harassed or bullied, particularly in a dominant or condescending manner.

hedonics: The study of pleasure and its pursuit, especially in economics concerning consumer satisfaction.

Hejaz, Hedjaz: A region in western Saudi Arabia, historically significant in Islamic tradition.

heliotaxis: The movement of organisms toward light, often observed in plants and certain animals.

hellacious: Extremely bad or unpleasant; daunting.

hemangioma: A benign tumor of blood vessels, often appearing as a red birthmark.

hennery: A place where hens or chickens are kept, often used in farming.

heptastich: A poem or stanza consisting of seven lines.

Herculaneum: An ancient Roman town preserved by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, often studied for its archaeological significance.

hereditament: A property or possession that can be inherited.

Herodotus: An ancient Greek historian known as the "Father of History" for his writings on the Greco-Persian Wars.

heroically: In a manner befitting a hero; displaying bravery or courage.

heterogeneity: The quality or state of being diverse; composed of different elements or components.

hexapod: An organism with six legs; commonly refers to insects and other arthropods.

hierarchize: To arrange or organize according to a hierarchy or levels of importance.

Hippocratic oath: An ethical code sworn by physicians to practice medicine honestly and ethically, attributed to Hippocrates.

hispid: Covered with bristles or stiff hairs; rough in texture.

Ho Chi Minh: A Vietnamese revolutionary leader and the founding father of modern Vietnam, known for his role in the independence movement.

hollandaise sauce: A rich sauce made from butter, egg yolks, and lemon juice, often served with eggs or vegetables.

holographic: Related to a hologram; a three-dimensional image produced by the interference of light beams.

homiletics: The art of preaching or delivering sermons, particularly in religious contexts.

homocentric: Having the same center; often pertains to celestial or geometrical contexts.

Hooverville: A shantytown built during the Great Depression by the homeless, named after President Herbert Hoover.

hors de combat: Out of action; unable to fight or participate, often used in military contexts.

hospitalization: The process of admitting a patient into a hospital for treatment.

howitzer: A type of artillery piece that fires shells at high angles, used in military applications.

Huitzilopochtli: The Aztec god of war, sun, and human sacrifice, often represented as a hummingbird.

humidify: To add moisture to the air or environment.

hydrocephalous (adj.): Characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain, often leading to increased head size.

hydrotherapy: Therapeutic treatment using water; often used for rehabilitation and wellness.

hyoid bone: A U-shaped bone located in the neck that supports the tongue and plays a role in swallowing.

hypercritical: Excessively and unreasonably fault-finding; overly judgmental.

hypopnea: Abnormally slow or shallow breathing, often related to sleep disorders.

ibuprofen: A medication used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain or fever.

iconoclast: A person who attacks or criticizes cherished beliefs or institutions.

ideate: To form an idea, thought, or concept in one’s mind.

idolatry: The worship of idols or excessive devotion to something or someone.

ihram: A state of ritual purity and the special garments worn by Muslims during the Hajj pilgrimage.

ill-considered: Not carefully thought out or planned; often leads to poor outcomes.

illuminati, Illuminati: An organization or group purportedly possessing special knowledge; often used conspiratorially.

illusory: Deceptive or misleading; not real or based in reality.

imam, Imam: An Islamic leadership position, often a prayer leader in a mosque.

imbibition: The process of absorbing water or other liquids, particularly in biological or physiological contexts.

immiscible: Incapable of being mixed or blended together, often used in chemistry.

immunocompromised: Having an impaired immune system, making one more susceptible to infections.

impede: To obstruct or hinder progress; to delay in movement or action.

impetuosity: The quality of acting quickly and without thought; rashness.

impious: Not showing respect or reverence for the divine; wicked or profane.

impregnable: Unable to be captured or broken into; invulnerable.

improbity: Lack of honesty or integrity; wickedness.

improvident: Not showing foresight or planning for the future; reckless regarding future needs.

impunity: Exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action.

in extremis: In a difficult or dangerous situation; at the point of death or crisis.

in memoriam: A phrase meaning in memeory of a dead person, an article written in memory of a dead person, an obituary. 

in situ: In the original place; not removed from its natural setting.

incapacitant: A substance used to incapacitate a person.

incognizant: Not aware; lacking knowledge or awareness.

incompatibility: The quality of being incompatible or unable to coexist.

incorporeal: Lacking physical substance; not corporeal or material.

incumbency: The holding of an office or the period during which one holds office.

incursion: An invasion or attack, especially a sudden or brief one.

indefensible: Not able to be justified or defended.

indelible: Making marks that cannot be removed; lasting.

indigestible: Not able to be digested; difficult or impossible to swallow.

Indonesia: A country in Southeast Asia, comprising thousands of islands.

indophenol: A chemical compound used in dyeing processes and as an indicator in chromatography.

inebriated (adj.): Intoxicated; affected by alcohol.

inexpiable: Incapable of being atoned for; unforgivable.

infamy: The state of being well known for some bad quality or deed.

infrared: Relating to electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than visible light.

inglenook: A corner by a fireplace where one can sit.

inglorious: Not having glory; not honored or distinguished.

inimitable: Unique; incapable of being imitated.

iniquitous: Wicked or morally wrong.

inquietude: Anxiety or restlessness.

insatiate: Impossible to satisfy; constantly wanting more.

insouciance: Casual lack of concern; indifference.

insurgency: A movement aimed at the opposing of a constituted government through subversion and armed conflict.

inter alia: Among other things.

intercalary: Inserted, as in an added day or month in a calendar.

intercoastal: Existing between coastal regions; situated between two coasts.

Interlingua: An international auxiliary language derived from Romance languages.

internecine: Destructive to both sides in a conflict; mutually ruinous.

intimidation: The act of frightening someone into doing something.

intonate: To speak or recite in a particular tone or inflection.

intransigent, intransigeant (adj.): Unwilling to change one's views or to agree about something.

intubate: To insert a tube into a person's body, often for medical purposes.

invariable: Not subject or susceptible to change.

iridectomy: A surgical operation to remove part or all of the iris of the eye.

irrefutable: Impossible to deny or disprove.

isallobar: An isobar representing the average pressure between two points on a weather map.

isotope: Variants of a particular chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

itemization: The action of listing items individually.

iterate: To repeat something, often for emphasis or clarity.

jaçana: A type of wading bird belonging to the family Jacanidae.

Jacob’s ladder: A term which can refer to a biblical story or a type of plant.

jai alai: A form of a ball game played in a court with a ball and a curved glove.

Jaipur: The capital city of the Indian state of Rajasthan.

Janus: A Roman god associated with beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, and endings.

jejunum: The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.

jeté: A ballet jump in which one leg is extended outward.

jingoist: A person who professes a militaristic pride in their country and who may advocate for an aggressive foreign policy.

jocular: Fond of or characterized by joking; humorous or playful.

John Hancock (signature): A bold and distinctive signature, especially that of John Hancock, the first signer of the United States Declaration of Independence.

jojoba: A perennial shrub that is a source of jojoba oil, used in cosmetics and skincare products.

jubilee, Jubilee: A special anniversary or celebration, often pertaining to significant religious events.

judgmatic: Relating to judgment, especially in regards to legal determinations.

Juneau: The capital city of the state of Alaska.

jurat: A formal written statement made under oath, especially in legal documents.

jus gentium: A Latin phrase meaning “law of nations,” referring to international law.

juvenescent: Youthful; characterized by or producing youth.

K ration: A type of military ration provided to soldiers in the field, consisting of compact and nutritious food.

kalimba: A musical instrument originating from Africa, consisting of metal tines attached to a wooden board or resonator.

kameez: A traditional garment worn in South Asia, often paired with a shalwar or churidar.

Kandahar, Qandahar: A city in Afghanistan that has historical significance.

karma: The Buddhist and Hindu concept that the actions of an individual influence their future existence.

kefir: A fermented milk drink made with kefir grains, which contain a variety of bacteria and yeasts.

kendo: A modern Japanese martial art of sword-fighting.

keratin: A type of protein that makes up hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin.

ketogenesis: The metabolic process by which ketone bodies are produced from fatty acids.

Khoisan: A group of indigenous peoples of southern Africa, traditionally hunter-gatherers.

Kiddush: A Jewish religious ceremony performed on the Sabbath and holidays, involving the blessing of wine.

kielbasa: A type of Polish sausage, typically made from pork and enjoyed grilled, fried, or used in other dishes.

kilderkin: A small cask that holds about half a barrel.

kinescope: An early device used for viewing motion pictures or television shows.

Kirkuk: A city in northern Iraq that has significant historical and cultural importance.

kitsch: Art, objects, or design considered to be low quality or in bad taste, but sometimes appreciated for their nostalgic or humorous qualities.

Klamath: Could refer to either a Native American tribe, a river, or an area in the state of Oregon.

knar, knaur: A term referring to a knot or knob, particularly in wood.

knowledge base: A collection of knowledge, often in the form of documents or databases.

kookiest: The most eccentric or peculiar.

Krebs cycle: A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

krumkake: A traditional Norwegian cookie made from a simple batter of flour, butter, eggs, and cream, which is baked in a decorative iron.

krummhorn, crumhorn: A type of woodwind instrument from the Renaissance.

Kurdistan: A geo-cultural region primarily inhabited by the Kurdish people, spanning across several countries in the Middle East.

kyphosis: A condition involving an excessive curvature of the spine, resulting in a hunchback appearance.

labor-intensive: A type of production or business that requires a large amount of labor to produce its goods or services.

lacertilian: Pertaining to lizards and their family, Lacertidae.

lactescent: Producing or secreting milk.

lacustrine: Relating to or occurring in lakes.

Laertes: A character from Homer's epic, the Odyssey, father of Odysseus.

laissez-faire (adj.): An economic philosophy of free-market capitalism that opposes government intervention.

lamedh: The twelfth letter of the Hebrew alphabet.

lamprey: A jawless fish parasitizing other fish by attaching to them and sucking their blood.

landsleit: A Yiddish term meaning townsfolk or fellow countrymen.

languet: A thin strip of metal used in woodwind instruments, particularly in the making of reeds.

Laodicean: Lukewarm or indifferent, particularly in a religious context, as used in the Book of Revelation.

lapis lazuli: A deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been highly valued since antiquity.

larcenous: Of or relating to larceny; guilty of stealing.

larghetto: Moderately slow; a musical direction.

laryngoscope: A medical instrument used to view the larynx or voice box.

latifundium: A large agricultural estate owned by a single family or corporation, often found in Roman times.

Laundromat, laundromat: A self-service laundry facility, typically with coin-operated washing machines and dryers.

Lebanon: A country in the Middle East bordered by the Mediterranean Sea.

lederhosen: Traditional shorts or knee-length trousers worn by men in Austria and southern Germany.

legist: An expert in law; a legal scholar.

leisurewear: Casual clothing designed for comfort, particularly for relaxation and leisure activities.

lemma: A proposition or theorem that is proved or used as a stepping stone to prove a larger theorem.

leonine rhyme: A specific form of rhyme that includes a combination of both masculine and feminine endings.

leptospirosis: A bacterial infection that can affect humans and animals, often contracted through contact with contaminated water.

leukocytosis, leucocytosis: An increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood, typically indicating an infection or disease.

leviathan: A large sea monster mentioned in the Bible, often figuratively referring to a powerful entity or state.

levorotatory: Describing a compound that rotates plane-polarized light to the left or counterclockwise.

Liberia: A nation on the west coast of Africa, founded by freed American slaves.

Libya: A country in North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea.

lief: A term meaning gladly or willingly.

ligation: The process of binding or tying, often related to the surgical method to tie off blood vessels.

lignum vitae: A dense tropical hardwood known for its resilience and natural oils.

limbic system: A complex system in the brain that involves emotions and motivations.

Limburger: A type of cheese known for its strong odor, originating from the Limburg region.

linea aspera: A prominent ridge on the posterior surface of the femur where muscles attach.

linearize: To approximate or represent something in a linear form.

linguaphile: A lover of languages.

lipectomy: A surgical procedure to remove excess fat from specific areas of the body.

liripipe: A long, scarf-like extension of a hooded cloak or garment.

lithotomy: The surgical procedure of removing stones from the bladder or urinary tract.

lixiviate: To extract soluble substances from ash or a mixture by washing it with a liquid.

loci: The plural of locus; specific points or locations in a given space.

logomachy: An argument about words; a dispute over the meanings of words.

longueur: A tedious or monotonous section in a literary or theatrical work.

lorgnette: A pair of glasses with a handle, used for seeing something far away.

louche: Disreputable or of questionable taste, sometimes in a charming or alluring way.

Lucite (trademark): A brand of acrylic sheeting often used in various applications like signage and furniture.

luculent: Clear or easy to understand; transparent.

ludic: Relating to play or playful behavior.

lumpenproletariat: The unorganized and unproductive section of the working class, often excluded from the capitalist economy.

lutefisk: A traditional dish of Scandinavian origin made from dried cod soaked in a lye solution.

lyricize: To compose or write lyrical poetry.

Maccabeus, Maccabaeus: A historical figure recognized for leading a revolt against Hellenistic influence in ancient Judea.

machicolate: To provide a parapet with openings through which stones or missiles could be dropped on attackers.

mackinaw: A heavyweight wool coat or jacket, often worn in cold weather.

macrobiotics: A diet based on whole foods, primarily derived from whole grains and local vegetables.

madeleine: A small, shell-shaped cake associated with French pastry.

magna cum laude: A Latin honor indicating great distinction, typically awarded in academic settings.

maharaja, maharajah: A great king or prince in India.

maidenhair fern: A type of fern belonging to the family Pteridaceae, known for its delicate foliage.

majoritarian: Pertaining to the majority; characterized by the dominance of the majority group in society or politics.

malagueña: A type of music and dance originating from Spain or a style of playing a flamenco guitar piece.

malediction: A curse or the utterance of a curse.

malingerer: A person who feigns illness or incapacity to avoid work or duty.

malodorous: Having a bad smell; foul-smelling.

malversation: Corruption or misappropriation of funds, especially by a public official.

mandarin, Mandarin: An official or bureaucrat in an imperial or present government, especially in China.

Mandela: A reference to Nelson Mandela, former president of South Africa and anti-apartheid revolutionary.

mangonel: A type of medieval artillery used for hurling projectiles.

manipulable: Capable of being influenced or controlled.

mansuetude: The quality of being tame or gentle.

manteau (singular): A loose coat used in earlier centuries.

Manxwoman: A female native of the Isle of Man.

maquiladora: A manufacturing operation in Mexico that is usually foreign-owned, often producing goods for export.

maraca: A musical instrument often used in Latin American music, typically consisting of a hollow gourd filled with beads.

maraud: To roam in search of things to steal or people to attack.

marginalize: To treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or peripheral.

markhor: A wild goat species found in Central Asia.

marmoreal: Of or resembling marble; often used to describe something smooth or glistening.

marquetry, marqueterie: The art of inlaying different materials, such as wood or ivory, into a surface to create a design.

martingale: A device used in horse riding to keep the horse's head in place, also used in gambling systems.

masjid: A mosque, or a place of worship for Muslims.

massé: A term in billiards that refers to a shot taken with a curved cue.

masticatory: Relating to chewing or the act of chewing.

matrilineage: The lineage established by tracing descent through the maternal side of the family.

maxillofacial: Pertaining to both the upper jaw (maxilla) and the face.

mazuma: A Yiddish term for money, particularly money used for charitable purposes.

McGuffey: Referring to the McGuffey Readers, a series of American textbooks used for teaching reading.

measurable: Able to be measured or assessed.

mediagenic: Attractive to the media; appealing for media coverage.

mediocrity: The state of being average or mediocre; lack of quality.

meerschaum: A soft mineral used to make smoking pipes, known for its ability to absorb moisture and retain flavor.

megalith: A large stone, especially one used in a prehistoric monument.

Melanesia: A subregion of Oceania, consisting of numerous islands and countries including Papua New Guinea and Fiji.

melanous: Relating to or characterized by a dark color; often used to describe pigmentation.

meliorate: To make or become better; to improve.

mellifluous: Having a smooth, rich flow; pleasant to hear.

melodeon: A type of small accordion or organ used in folk music.

memento mori: An artistic or symbolic reminder of human mortality.

meno mosso: A musical term indicating less movement in tempo.

mercantilism: Economic theory promoting governmental regulation of a nation's economy for augmenting state power, especially through trade.

Mercator projection: A cylindrical map projection that distorts size but preserves shape, often used for navigation.

merengue: A style of Dominican dance and music characterized by a fast-paced rhythm.

merino: A breed of sheep known for its fine wool.

mesenchyme: A type of embryonic connective tissue that differentiates into various tissues and organs.

mesothelium: A layer of tissue that lines body cavities and organs, often associated with the lungs and heart.

metagnathous: Relating to the positioning of the jaws.

metatarsal: Pertaining to the metatarsus; the long bones in the foot between the ankle and the toes.

methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid alcohol used as a solvent and antifreeze; also used to produce formaldehyde.

metonymy: A figure of speech in which a thing or concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated.

meunière: A French cooking term meaning to prepare fish by dredging it in flour before cooking.

microburst: A small, localized downdraft of wind that can produce damaging winds at the surface.

microdot: A very small dot that contains an image or text; often used for microfilm or security features.

midwifery: The practice of assisting women in childbirth.

Miletus: An ancient Greek city known for its school of philosophy and contributions to science.

miliaria: A skin condition characterized by a rash or blisters caused by blocked sweat glands.

milites gloriosi: A Latin phrase meaning (in literatue) a boastful soldier as a stock figure

millesimal: Relating to or being one part in a thousand.

Minamata disease: A neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning, first identified in Minamata Bay, Japan, due to industrial contamination.

minié ball: A conical bullet used in the 19th century for rifled muskets; designed for greater accuracy and range.

minor-leaguer: A player in a minor league, which is a professional sports league that is subordinate to a major league.

minuscule: Very small in size or amount; tiny.

mirepoix: A mixture of diced vegetables (usually onions, carrots, and celery) used as a flavor base in cooking.

miscalculate: To make a mistake in calculation or planning.

mise en scène: Refers to the arrangement of scenery and stage properties in a play; can also denote the overall visual composition in film.

misfeasance: Wrongful or improper performance of a lawful act.

misogynist: A person who exhibits dislike of, contempt for, or ingrained prejudice against women.

misspoken: Said or pronounced incorrectly or inaccurately.

mitochondrion: An organelle found in the cells of most organisms that is responsible for producing energy through respiration.

mitral stenosis: A heart condition involving the narrowing of the mitral valve, affecting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.

Moabite: Relating to the ancient Moabites, a people mentioned in the Bible, or their culture or language.

mockumentary: A genre of film or television that parodies the documentary style, blending real and fictional content.

modus vivendi: An arrangement or compromise allowing conflicting parties to coexist or operate together.

moiety: A half or part; in anthropology, a group that results from division into two primary social units.

Moluccas: A group of islands in Indonesia, also known as the Spice Islands, historically significant for their trade of spices.

Monaco: A small sovereign city-state on the French Riviera known for its luxury casinos, yacht-lined harbor, and prestigious Grand Prix motor race.

monasticism: A religious way of life characterized by the renunciation of worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work.

mongering: The act of promoting or spreading a specified activity or concept (typically used with negative connotations).

moniliform: Resembling a string of beads, typically used to describe certain structures in biology.

monocle: A single eyeglass lens, often used to correct vision in one eye.

monograph: A detailed written study or report on a specific subject.

monophobia: An irrational fear of being alone.

monotonous: Lacking in variety and interest; very dull and repetitive.

Monsignor: A title of honor given to certain priests in the Roman Catholic Church.

Monticello: The plantation designed by Thomas Jefferson, located near Charlottesville, Virginia, and now a museum.

moroseness: A sullen mood or disposition, often characterized by gloominess.

morphophonemics: The study of the interaction between morphological and phonological processes.

mosaicism: The presence of two or more genetically distinct cell lines within an individual organism.

motorcade: A procession of vehicles, typically accompanying an important person or officials.

mousse: A light dessert made with whipped cream, egg whites, and flavoring, or a styling product for hair.

moyen âge: French term for the Middle Ages in European history.

Mozambique: A country located on the southeast coast of Africa, known for its Indian Ocean coastline.

mucocutaneous: Relating to or affecting the mucous membranes and skin.

multifarious: Having many varied parts or aspects.

multiracial: Comprising or representing various racial groups.

multitudinous: Very numerous; consisting of many individuals or parts.

muraled: Adorned with murals or wall paintings.

muscatel: A type of sweet dessert wine made from Muscat grapes.

musique concrète: A type of music that uses recorded sounds as raw material for composition, rather than traditional musical instruments.

mutable: Capable of change or alteration; inconsistent.

muumuu: A loose, brightly colored dress, typically worn by women in tropical climates.

mydriasis: Abnormal dilation of the pupil, often caused by drugs or medical conditions.

myology: The study of muscles.

myxedema: A severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by swelling of the skin and underlying tissues due to the accumulation of mucin.

Nacogdoches: A city in Texas, known as the oldest town in Texas.

nadir: The lowest point in the fortunes of a person or organization.

Nahuatl: A group of languages spoken by the Nahua people in central Mexico.

narcotism: A state of stupor or lethargy induced by narcotic drugs.

nasturtium: A type of flowering plant that is often grown for its edible leaves and flowers, known for their peppery taste.

nativistic: Pertaining to the belief in the superiority of the native or indigenous culture over others.

navel-gazing: The act of contemplating one's own feelings or interests to the exclusion of broader experiences.

Ndebele: A Bantu ethnic group from South Africa known for their unique culture and artwork.

Neanderthaloid: Pertaining to the Neanderthals, an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans.

necessitate: To make something necessary as a result or condition.

necrobiosis: The normal physiological process of cell death part of tissue maintenance or turnover.

Neo-Freudian: Referring to psychologists who extend or modify Freudian theory in light of new insights.

Nepali: Relating to Nepal, its people, culture, or language.

Nesselrode: A traditional dessert made from a mixture of fruits and liquor, often served as a mousse or custard.

networking: The act of establishing and nurturing professional relationships.

neuropathy: A disorder that affects the functioning of the nerves.

newel: The central supporting pillar of a spiral staircase.

Nibelung: A figure in Germanic mythology, often associated with the Nibelungenlied epic.

nicotiana: A genus of flowering plants known for their commercial importance as the source of tobacco.

Niflheim: In Norse mythology, a realm of cold and mist, often associated with the dead.

nigrescence: A process of becoming black or dark; often refers to racial or ethnic identity formation.

nimiety: An excess or overabundance.

nip and tuck: To make slight alterations; to be almost equal in skill or effort.

Noachian: Pertaining to Noah in the Bible, or to a specific geological period on Mars thought to be associated with large amounts of water.

nociceptor: A sensory neuron that responds to potentially damaging stimuli by sending signals to the brain.

nolle prosequi: A legal term indicating that a prosecutor will not pursue a case.

nomothetic: Pertaining to laws or rules; often used in the context of social sciences to refer to general laws.

non compos mentis: A legal term for someone who is not of sound mind.

nondiscrimination: The practice or policy of not discriminating against individuals or groups.

nonintervention: A policy of not intervening in the affairs of other nations.

nontenured: Referring to an academic position that is not permanent or does not have tenure status.

Norwich terrier: A small breed of dog known for its feisty temperament and good nature.

nostalgically: In a manner that is characterized by nostalgia, a sentimental longing for the past.

noumenon: A philosophical term referring to an object as it is in itself, independent of observation.

nouveau riche: Individuals or families who have recently acquired wealth, often in a way viewed as lacking in sophistication or cultural refinement.

numen: A divine power or spirit.

numismatist: A person who studies or collects coins, paper currency, and related objects.

nutation: A periodic change in the inclination or position of the rotational axis of a celestial body.

nutraceutical: A food product that provides health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

nutritionist: A specialist in the study of nutrition and dietetics.

Oaxaca: A state in southern Mexico known for its rich culture and indigenous heritage.

objurgate: To reprimand or scold angrily.

obliterative: Causing complete destruction or removal.

obsolesce: To fall into disuse or become obsolete.

obstructionist: A person who deliberately delays or prevents progress or decision-making.

occasionally: From time to time; infrequently.

ocelot: A wild cat native to Central and South America, known for its distinctive coat.

octodecimo: A book size often used to describe a sheet folded into 18 leaves or 36 pages.

odeum: An ancient Greek or Roman building for performances, often with a roof.

odiously: In a manner that is extremely unpleasant or repulsive.

noOdysseus: A legendary Greek hero and the main character in Homer's epic poem, the Odyssey.

oenomel: A sweetened mixture of wine and honey, used in ancient Greece.

off-the-record: Not intended for publication or attribution.

Okinawa: A prefecture in Japan consisting of many islands known for its unique culture and tropical climate.

olfactometer: An instrument used to measure the power of smell.

ominously: In a way that suggests something bad is going to happen; threateningly.

omniscience: The quality of having complete or unlimited knowledge, awareness, or understanding.

oncologic: Related to the study or treatment of tumors or cancer.

oneiromancy: The practice of interpreting dreams as omens or prophecies.

ontic: Relating to being or existence.

oompah: A style of music characterized by a regular rhythm, typically played in German folk music.

Oort cloud: A theoretical cloud of predominantly icy objects surrounding the solar system, believed to be the source of long-period comets.

opalescence: The appearance of a play of colors like that of an opal, often in a surface reflecting light.

operose: Requiring a great deal of effort, industrious, or laborious.

ophidian: Relating to snakes.

opioid: A class of drugs that include both illegal drugs like heroin and legal prescription pain relievers like oxycodone.

optimization: The process of making something as effective or functional as possible.

oread: In Greek mythology, a mountain nymph.

orison: A prayer.

ornithischian: Relating to a group of dinosaurs that were herbivorous and characterized by a beaked mouth.

ornithopter: A type of aircraft that flies by flapping its wings, mimicking the flight of birds.

oropharynx: The part of the throat located behind the mouth.

orthoepy: The correct pronunciation of words.

orthographical: Relating to the conventional spelling system of a language.

osculate: To kiss.

ossuary: A container or complete building used to hold skeletal human remains.

osteosarcoma: A type of bone cancer that often occurs in the long bones of the arms and legs.

ostinato: A musical phrase or rhythm that is persistently repeated.

otitis media: An infection or inflammation of the middle ear.

out-of-body: A sensation in which a person feels detached from their physical body, often described during near-death experiences.

overborne: To be overwhelmed or to surpass in weight or force.

overrepresented: To give a disproportionate representation to a group or category.

oxalis: A genus of plants known for their clover-like leaves and often medicinal properties.

oxytocic: A substance that induces labor or stimulates uterine contractions.

ozostomia: The condition of having bad breath.

pabulum: Food for thought; intellectual nourishment.

pachytene: A stage of prophase in meiosis where chromosomes are fully paired.

pacifism: The belief that disputes should be settled peacefully and that war and violence are unjustifiable.

paella: A traditional Spanish dish made with rice and a variety of meat, seafood, and vegetables, often cooked in a single pan.

paillette: A decorative piece of metal or sequins used in clothing and accessories.

paladin: A heroic champion or a primary figure of a cause.

palazzo: An impressive palatial building, especially a large one in Italy.

palimpsest: A manuscript or piece of writing material on which later writing has been superimposed on effaced earlier writing.

pallbearer: A person who helps carry the coffin at a funeral.

palliate: To ease symptoms without curing; to mitigate.

palominos: A breed of horse characterized by its golden coat and white mane.

paltriness: The quality of being trivial or of little significance.

pamphleteer: A writer of pamphlets or tracts, often regarding political issues.

pancake landing: A situation in aviation where an aircraft makes a flat landing, often the result of an emergency.

panegyrist: A person who delivers an extravagant public praise or is an elaborate speechwriter.

panhuman: Pertaining to all humankind.

pantoffle: A type of shoe, often considered a slipper or light footwear.

paparazzo: A freelance photographer who takes candid pictures of celebrities, often in their private moments.

papyrology: The study of ancient texts written on papyrus.

parable: A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson.

paramedical: Related to services, personnel, or agencies supplementary to conventional medical practice.

paraparesis: Partial paralysis of the lower limbs.

paraphrastic: Relating to paraphrasing; expressing the meaning of something written or spoken using different words.

parasympathetic: Relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system that counteracts the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.

paravane: A device, often in maritime usage, designed to detonate mines.

pareve: A term used in Jewish dietary laws referring to food that is neutral in relation to meat and dairy.

parietal: Relating to the walls of a cavity or structure, such as the parietal lobe of the brain.

parlous: Full of danger or risk; perilous.

parmigiana: A dish named for its layering of cheese, often associated with breads or fried vegetables.

parotitis: Inflammation of the parotid glands, often resulting in mumps.

particularize: To specify or give details about something.

paseo: A leisurely walk or stroll, often in a public space.

passacaglia: A musical form based on a repeated bass line or harmonic progression.

passé: Outdated or no longer fashionable.

pasturage: Land used for grazing livestock.

paterfamilias: The head of a family or household, particularly in a patriarchal system.

patrilineage: The tracing of lineage through the male line.

patroon: A person in command of a large estate or land grant, especially in colonial times.

pavilion: A structure or building used for a specific purpose, such as recreation in a park setting.

peacenik: An informal term for a person who advocates for peace, often in opposition to war.

pedagoguish: Pertaining to teaching or education but often in an overly formal or pretentious way.

pedometer: An instrument for measuring the distance traveled on foot by recording the number of steps taken.

pelagic: Pertaining to the open sea, as opposed to coastal or continental areas.

pendulous: Hanging down loosely; swinging or swaying.

pentastich: A poem or stanza consisting of five lines.

penuriously: In a way that indicates extreme poverty or stinginess.

per capita: Per person; for each individual.

percolate: To filter gradually through a porous surface or substance.

perennate: To endure or persist indefinitely.

perestroika: A political movement for reform in the Soviet Union during the 1980s, associated with the end of communism.

periapt: An amulet or charm worn for protection.

periodontia: The branch of dentistry that studies and treats the supporting structures of the teeth.

peripheral: Relating to, or situated on the edge or periphery of something.

peristalsis: The involuntary constriction and relaxation of muscles that moves food along the digestive tract.

permeability: The ability of a material to allow fluids or gases to pass through it.

peroneal: Relating to the outer part of the lower leg; the fibula.

Perseid: A meteor shower that occurs annually in August originating from the Swift-Tuttle comet.

persevere: To continue in a course of action despite difficulties or opposition.

persona non grata: An unwelcome person, often used in diplomatic contexts.

pertinacity: The quality of being persistent or stubborn.

pervious: Allowing passage; not blocked or impenetrable.

pescetarian: A type of diet that includes fish but not meat from land animals.

petitio principii: A logical fallacy wherein an argument assumes the conclusion within its premises.

petroglyph: An image or symbol carved into rock, often by ancient peoples.

pettifogger: A lawyer who deals with petty cases or engages in unethical practices.

pharmaceutic: Relating to pharmacy or the preparation of medicinal drugs.

phenomenology: The philosophical study of the structures of experience and consciousness.

philharmonic: Relating to a devotion to music; often used to refer to orchestras or concert halls.

phlebitis: Inflammation of a vein, often causing redness and pain.

phonate: To produce sound or speech.

phosphoresce: To emit light without burning, as certain substances do after being energized.

photomontage: A composite picture made by cutting, gluing, rearranging, and overlapping two or more photographs.

pianissimo: In music, indicating that a passage should be played very softly.

piassaba: A plant fiber obtained from the leaves of the piassaba palm, used for making brushes and brooms.

pileated woodpecker: A large woodpecker native to North America, recognizable by its distinctive red crest.

pilloried: Publicly criticized or ridiculed.

piquant: Having a pleasantly sharp taste or stimulating flavor; interesting or stimulating.

piranha: A carnivorous fish known for its sharp teeth and strong jaws, native to South American rivers.

Piscean: Relating to or characteristic of Pisces, the twelfth astrological sign in the zodiac.

pivotal: Of crucial importance in relation to the development or success of something else.

placable: Capable of being appeased or calmed.

placidity: A state of calmness and tranquility.

plantain: A type of banana that is typically larger, starchier, and often used in cooking rather than eaten raw.

platypuses: Aquatic egg-laying mammals with a duck-bill, native to Australia.

plebiscite: A direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal.

plectrum: A small tool used to pluck or strum a stringed instrument.

plethoric: Excessively full or congested; usually used in a medical context.

Plexiglas: A brand of acrylic used as a lightweight, shatter-resistant alternative to glass.

plug-compatible: Capable of being connected or interchanged with another device without modification.

Plutonian: Relating to the planet Pluto or infernal realms in mythology.

pneuma: In ancient philosophy, the concept referring to the breath of life or spirit.

poetic license: The freedom to use language in a way that breaks conventional rules to achieve artistic effect.

pointillistic: A technique in painting that uses small dots or strokes to create an image.

poliomyelitis: A viral disease that can affect the nerves and can lead to paralysis.

Pollyanna: A person characterized by an excessive, often unwarranted optimism.

polyglot: A person who speaks, writes, or reads multiple languages.

polystyrene: A synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polymer with a wide variety of uses, from packaging to insulation.

Pompeii: An ancient Roman city that was buried under ash and pumice after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

pontiff: A chief priest or bishop; often used to refer to the pope.

populace: The people living in a particular country or area.

portal-to-portal: Referring to compensation for the time an employee spends traveling to and from work to a work site.

porte-cochère: A covered entrance large enough for vehicles to pass through.

portmanteau: A large suitcase or a combination of two words to create a new one.

portobello: A type of large, mature mushroom with a rich flavor.

posit: To put something forward as a basis for argument or discussion.

postern: A back or side entrance, especially to a fortified building.

postmeridian: Relating to the period after midday; PM.

potboiler: A work of art or literature created to make a quick profit, often lacking in quality.

potpourri: A mixture of dried petals and spices used for scent, or a collection of diverse items.

Poughkeepsie: A city in New York located on the Hudson River, known for its historic sites.

poulard: A young chicken, especially one raised for food.

pragmatist: A person who is guided more by practical considerations than by ideals.

prairie schooner: A covered wagon used by pioneers traveling west in the 19th century.

preadolescence: The transitional period between childhood and adolescence, typically considered to be ages 9 to 12.

predictor: A measure or variable used to forecast a future event.

preeclampsia: Complications during pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system.

prehensile: Adapted for grasping or holding, particularly referring to tails or limbs.

premeditation: The act of planning or thinking through an action beforehand, especially in a legal context regarding crimes.

prerogative: A right or privilege exclusive to a particular individual or class.

president-elect: A person who has been elected president but has not yet been formally inaugurated.

pre-Socratic: Relating to a group of ancient Greek philosophers who preceded Socrates.

prestissimo: In music, indicating very fast tempo.

presynaptic: Referring to the area before a synapse, where neurotransmitters are released.

preterition: The act of mentioning a topic without discussing it or saying something while saying that one will not say it.

primatology: The study of primates, including their behavior, genetics, and evolution.

primogenitor: The first ancestor or parent in a lineage.

principled: Adhering to moral and ethical principles.

pro bono: Legal work done voluntarily and without payment as a public service.

procès-verbal: A written report of proceedings or actions, often used in a legal context.

prodigal: Spending money or resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant.

proletarian: Relating to the working class or proletariat, especially in a political context.

pronunciamento: An official announcement or declaration.

propolis: A resinous substance produced by bees, used to seal their hives and protect against microorganisms.

proscenium: The part of a theater stage in front of the curtain.

proselytize: To convert someone from one belief or religion to another.

prosthesis: An artificial device that is used to replace a missing body part.

protolithic: Pertaining to the earliest or most primitive forms of lithology or rock.

providential: Occurring at a favorable time; opportune; relating to divine intervention.

provost marshal: The military officer with responsibility for law enforcement, security, and order in a military context.

proxemics: The study of personal space and the physical distance humans maintain in interaction.

psalmodist: A person skilled in chanting psalms or singing hymns.

pseudo-event: An event staged primarily for the purpose of being reported; often lacks genuine significance.

psittacine: Relating to parrots and similar birds in the order Psittaciformes.

psoriasis: A chronic skin condition characterized by red patches covered with thick, silvery scales.

psychokinesis: The purported ability to move or manipulate objects with the mind.

pterodactyl: An extinct genus of flying reptiles from the late Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.

pugilistic: Relating to boxing or fighting.

puissant: Powerful; strong; influential.

pulque: A traditional Mexican alcoholic beverage made from fermented sap of the agave plant.

punditry: The domain or activities of a scholar or critic, especially in relation to commentary or analysis.

purl stitch: A basic stitch used in knitting that creates a textured pattern.

Pygmalion: A figure from Greek mythology, a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he had carved, often associated with transformation in stories.

pyretic: Pertaining to fever; causing or related to an increase in body temperature.

pyrrhotite: A mineral consisting of magnetic iron sulfide, commonly associated with deposits of valuable ores.

quadricentennial: A 400th anniversary.

quadruplicate: To make four copies of an item or document.

quaffed: To drink deeply and heartily.

quaking aspen: A tree species known for its white bark and trembling leaves, often found in North America.

quandaries: A state of perplexity or uncertainty over what to do in a difficult situation.

Quapaw: A Native American tribe originally from the lower Mississippi River region.

quasi-stellar object: A luminous celestial object, like a quasar, that resembles a star but is much more distant and energetic.

quatrefoil: A decorative motif consisting of four overlapping circles, often used in architecture.

query: A question or inquiry.

Quetzalcoatl: A feathered serpent god in Mesoamerican culture, associated with wind and wisdom.

qui vive: A French term meaning "on the alert" or watchful.

quinoa: An edible seed that is harvested for its grains, known for being nutritious and gluten-free.

quipster: A person who makes witty, clever remarks or jokes.

quixotical: Exceedingly idealistic, unrealistic, and impractical in pursuit of noble or improbable goals.

quokka: A small marsupial native to Australia, known for its cheerful appearance and curiosity.

rabbinate: The collective body of rabbis or the office of a rabbi.

raclette: A semi-soft cheese that is melted and scraped off, traditionally served with potatoes and pickles.

racquetball: A sport played with racquets in an enclosed court, involving hitting a ball against the walls.

radioecological: Relating to the study of the effects of radiation on the environment and ecosystems.

radiopaque: A substance that does not allow radiation to pass through and appears white on X-rays.

rallentando: A musical term indicating a gradual decrease in tempo.

rampike: A dead tree that is still standing, often noted for its decayed or deteriorated state.

rappelled: To descend a vertical surface by means of a rope and specialized gear.

rarefaction: The reduction of density in a medium, often used in reference to gases or sound waves.

ratatouille: A traditional Provencal dish of stewed vegetables, typically including zucchini, eggplant, and peppers.

ravelment: The process of becoming confused or entangled.

razorback: A wild hog with a prominent backbone and bristly hair, often found in North America.

realpolitik: A political system based on practical rather than moral or ideological considerations.

reapportionment: The process of redistributing legislative representatives among the states following the census.

reappraisal: A new evaluation or assessment of a situation, property, or opinion.

recalcitrant: Stubbornly refusing to obey rules or orders.

recension: A critical revision of a text, aiming to restore its original form.

recoilless: A type of weapon or gun that does not have significant recoil when fired.

recombinant: Relating to or denoting an organism, cell, or DNA molecule that has been genetically engineered.

reconcilable: Able to be brought into agreement or harmony.

recoup: To regain or recover something lost, often financially.

recrudesce: To recur after a period of dormancy; to break out again.

recuperatory: Pertaining to recovery or restoration after illness or exhaustion.

Red Cloud: A prominent leader of the Oglala Lakota who effectively resisted U.S. expansion into Native American territories.

redeployment: The act of moving resources or personnel from one place to another for a different purpose.

red-letter: A term used to indicate a significant or noteworthy day, often marked on calendars.

reexamine: To examine or inspect again to assess or evaluate.

refugium: A protected area or refuge where a species can survive during adverse conditions.

regime: A government or ruling authority, especially one perceived as authoritarian or oppressive.

regnant: Ruling or reigning, often used to describe a monarch.

regrettably: In a manner expressing sorrow or disappointment.

reinforcement: The process of strengthening a behavior or response; also refers to aid or support.

reliance: Dependence on someone or something for support, help, or supply.

relume: To light again or rekindle.

reminiscence: The act or process of recalling past experiences or memories.

remission: The temporary or permanent reduction in the severity of disease symptoms.

renegade: A person who deserts and betrays an organization, country, or set of principles.

reniform: Kidney-shaped.

renowned: Celebrated or famous for a particular quality or achievement.

repertory: A collection or repertoire of works, particularly in theater or music, ready for performance.

replicate: To make an exact copy of something.

reprehend: To reprimand or express disapproval of someone or something.

reprobate: A person rejected by God or devoid of moral principles; often used as a term of disapproval.

requite: To return or repay an action; typically used in the context of relationships or favors.

rescindable: Capable of being revoked or canceled.

resistible: Capable of being resisted or opposed.

resonance: The quality of being resonant; a deep, full, and reverberating sound.

responsibility: The state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or of having control over someone.

resurrect: To bring back to life or to restore to existence.

retention: The act of keeping or holding something.

retinoblastoma: A rare cancer that begins in the retina, typically affecting young children.

retrovirus: A virus that integrates its genetic material into the host cell's DNA using reverse transcriptase.

reveille: A signal for waking up, commonly used in military contexts.

revocation: The act of cancelling or annulment of something, such as a law or license.

Reykjavík: The capital city of Iceland, known for its modernist architecture and vibrant culture.

rhapsodic: Expressing or characterized by ecstatic or enthusiastic emotion.

rhetorician: A person skilled in the art of rhetoric; an eloquent speaker or writer.

rhizome: A type of underground stem that grows horizontally, producing shoots and roots.

Rh-negative: Referring to blood type lacking the Rh factor, important in blood transfusions.

Rhodesian ridgeback: A breed of dog originating from Southern Africa, known for its distinctive ridge of hair along its back.

rhodopsin: A light-sensitive pigment found in the photoreceptor cells of the retina, essential for vision in low light.

rhubarb: A plant whose stalks are often used in cooking, typically for desserts; tart in flavor.

riboflavin: A B vitamin that is important for body growth and red blood cell production.

right-to-work law: Legislation that makes it illegal to require union membership or payment of union dues as a condition of employment.

rinforzando: A musical term indicating a sudden strong emphasis on a note or passage.

ring-necked pheasant: A species of bird, known for its striking coloration and resonant call, often hunted for sport.

ritornello: A recurring passage in baroque music, usually played by the full orchestra, separated by episodes of soloists.

roborant: A strengthening or restorative agent.

robustious: Vigorous, strong, or tough.

rodenticide: A substance used to kill rodents.

rodomontade: Boastful or bragging talk; swagger.

rogatory: Related to or denoting the procedures or requests of a court, particularly for obtaining testimony.

roman-fleuve: A type of novel that covers the life and events of a character or family over an elongated period.

Roosevelt Island: An island in New York City, named after Franklin D. Roosevelt, located in the East River.

roseola: A viral infection common in children, characterized by fever and a rash.

rotator cuff: A group of muscles and tendons providing stability and movement to the shoulder joint.

rouleau: A stack or roll of coins.

roundelay: A type of circular dance or song where the same words and music are repeated in rounds.

rubber-stamp: To approve something vigorously, often without consideration; often used in bureaucratic contexts.

rubella: A contagious disease caused by a virus, characterized by a rash and fever, also known as German measles.

Rubicon: A river in Italy famously crossed by Julius Caesar, symbolizing a point of no return in a decision.

rufescent: Reddish or having a reddish hue.

run-through: A rehearsal in which performers go through a complete performance from start to finish in one take.

Russophile: A person who loves or has a great admiration for Russia or its culture.

sabbatical: A period of paid leave granted to a university teacher or professor for study or travel.

sabulous: Sandy or resembling sand; often used in geological contexts.

saccharide: Any of the class of sugars; carbohydrates.

sacher torte: A famous chocolate cake with a layer of apricot jam, originating from Austria.

sadhu: A mystic or hermit in Hindu culture, typically devoted to meditation and ascetic practices.

sagittate: Arrow-shaped; often used in botany to describe the shape of leaves.

Saint Elmo’s fire: A weather phenomenon involving a visible blue or violet glow caused by a corona discharge; historically thought to be a good omen for sailors.

Saint-Tropez: A coastal town in France known for its beaches and as a hotspot for celebrities.

salchow: A type of jump in figure skating characterized by its take-off from a back outside edge.

sallet: A medieval helmet with a visor and neck guard.

saltatorial: Related to jumping or springing movement; often used in describing animals like frogs or kangaroos.

salutatory: Relating to a greeting or expression of goodwill.

salvific: Having the quality of saving or delivering from sin or harm; redemptive.

samizdat: A form of dissident activity, typically involving the clandestine copying and distribution of literature banned by the state.

Samoyed: A breed of dog known for its fluffy white coat and friendly demeanor, originally bred to herd reindeer.

samsara: In Hinduism and Buddhism, the cycle of rebirth and redeath.

sanbenito: A garment worn during the Spanish Inquisition to identify a heretic.

sanctification: The process of being made holy or set apart for sacred use.

sandalwood: A fragrant wood used in perfume, incense, and religious ceremonies.

sannyasi: A Hindu ascetic who has renounced worldly life to pursue spiritual practice.

sapid: Pleasant to taste or flavorful.

sardonicism: The quality of being grimly mocking or cynical.

sassaby: A type of large African antelope.

satirize: To use satire to ridicule or criticize subjectively.

sauerbraten: A pot roast, usually of beef, marinated before slow-cooking in a mixture that includes vinegar and spices; considered a dish in German cuisine.

Sausalito: A city in California located across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco, known for its waterfront views.

saxifrage: A plant that grows in rocky places, often having small flowers.

sayonara: A Japanese term for goodbye or farewell.

scalariform: Shaped like a scale; typically used in botany to describe leaves or structures.

scandalmonger: A person who spreads rumors or engages in scandalous gossip.

scapegrace: A mischievous or wayward person, often a young man.

scarlatinoid: A condition resembling scarlet fever.

schlemiel: A foolish, clumsy, or unlucky person; Yiddish origin.

scholiast: A scholar who comments or explains a text, particularly in ancient or classical literature.

Schrödinger: Referring to Erwin Schrödinger, a physicist known for his contributions to quantum mechanics, notably the Schrödinger equation.

sciatica: Pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, from the lower back through the hips and buttocks down each leg.

scopolamine: A medication used to prevent nausea and motion sickness; also known for its use in certain eutanasia practices.

scot-free: Escaping without punishment or harm; without incurring any consequences.

screaming meemies: A state of extreme anxiety or fear, especially referring to those during wartime.

scrimshaw: The art of carving on whale bone, shell, or ivory; often practiced by sailors.

scrupulously: In a manner that shows moral integrity; very careful to do the right thing.

sculpturesque: Having the qualities or characteristics of a sculpture; often refers to something that is beautifully formed or posed.

scutellate: Shield-like in shape; often used to describe certain insect or animal features.

séance: A meeting where people attempt to communicate with spirits, typically with a medium.

sebaceous gland: A small oil-producing gland that is found under the skin.

second-generation: Referring to the children of immigrants who have settled in a new country.

secularize: To separate from religious or spiritual connections or influences.

sedition: Conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state.

segregable: Capable of being divided or separated into different groups.

self-aggrandizing: Seeking to promote oneself as being powerful or important.

semidiurnal: Pertaining to tides or events that occur twice daily.

semiopaque: Allowing light to pass through but not fully transparent.

sensei: A teacher or instructor in martial arts or disciplines.

Seoul: The capital of South Korea, known for its blend of modern technology and traditional culture.

septicemia: A serious bloodstream infection that can spread throughout the body.

sequential: Forming or following in a logical sequence or order.

seraph: An angelic being depicted in biblical literature, often associated with God’s throne.

seriatim: In succession; in a series.

serology: The study of serum and its components, often used in the context of the immune response or diseases.

sexagenarian: A person who is between 60 and 69 years old.

sforzando: A musical direction indicating a sudden strong accent on a note or chord.

shalloon: A lightweight wool fabric often used for uniforms.

sharecropper: A tenant farmer who gives a part of each crop as rent.

Shelta: A language spoken by Irish Travellers, mixing Irish and English.

shendyt: A type of ancient Egyptian garment worn by men.

shiitake: An edible mushroom native to East Asia, often used in cooking.

shogi: A Japanese strategy board game, often referred to as Japanese chess.

shrike: A small to medium-sized bird known for its predatory behavior, often impaling its prey on thorns.

sibylline: Prophetic or cryptic, often in reference to ancient oracles.

sika: A species of deer native to East Asia characterized by its spotted fur.

silicosis: A lung disease caused by inhaling fine silica dust, leading to inflammation and scarring.

simpatico: Likely to be liked or esteemed; agreeable or amiable.

sine die: A Latin term meaning without assigning a day for a further meeting or action.

singspiel: A form of German opera that includes spoken dialogue interspersed with music.

Sisyphean: Relating to a task that is endless and futile.

skimobile: A type of snowmobile designed for use in winter sports.

Skinnerian: Relating to the behaviorism developed by B.F. Skinner, emphasizing the role of reinforcement.

slovenly: Careless or untidy in appearance or habits.

smatter: To have a superficial knowledge of something; to dabble.

snollygoster: A shrewd, unprincipled person, especially a politician.

sociopolitical: Relating to social and political factors and their interactions.

soiree: An evening party or gathering, typically hosted at a person's home.

solenoid: A cylindrical coil of wire acting as a magnet when carrying electric current.

solicitously: Showing concern or care for someone's well-being.

Solo man: A term that typically refers to a person who performs independently.

sommelier: A wine steward or wine expert in a restaurant.

somniloquy: The act of talking in one’s sleep.

sonneteer: A poet who writes sonnets.

soubise: A sauce made with onions and béchamel.

soul-searching: The act of examining one's own thoughts or feelings to make important decisions.

sousaphone: A large brass musical instrument shaped like a tuba, commonly used in marching bands.

spaghetti Western: A film genre featuring Western themes produced in Italy, often characterized by unique stylistic elements.

spasmodic: Occurring in sudden, irregular bursts; often relating to events that are not continuous.

species-specific: Relating to characteristics or responses particular to one species.

Spenserian sonnet: A type of sonnet with a specific rhyme scheme introduced by Edmund Spenser.

sphenic: Related to a wedge or something that is wedge-shaped.

spieling: Engaging in long, often repetitive or pointless talk or speech.

spinet: A small keyboard instrument resembling a harpsichord.

splenetic: Bad-tempered or spiteful; relating to the spleen.

spoonerism: A verbal error in which the initial consonants of two words are swapped.

Sputnik: The first artificial Earth satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957.

squalor: A state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, often due to poverty.

standpatter: A person who resists change or promotes the status quo, often in politics.

star anise: An aromatic spice that comes from the fruit of a tree native to northeast Asia.

statutory: Relating to laws or statutes.

steak tartare: A dish made from finely chopped or ground raw beef, often seasoned and served with eggs.

stegosaur: A dinosaur known for its distinctive plates along its back and spike-covered tail.

stenothermal: Referring to organisms that can only tolerate a narrow range of temperatures.

sternutation: The act of sneezing.

stickle: To hold on stubbornly to a position or decision.

stipulation: A specific requirement or condition in an agreement or contract.

stomatology: The study of the mouth and its diseases.

storm-petrel: A small seabird known for its ability to fly over the ocean and its unique feeding habits.

stridulate: To make a shrill or grating sound, particularly associated with insects like crickets.

stromatolite: A layered bio-chemical sedimentary structure formed by the activity of microorganisms.

strophe: A section of a poem or song, often used in classical literature.

stultify: To cause to lose enthusiasm or initiative; to frustrate or negate.

sub rosa: Done secretly or confidentially.

subcutaneous: Situated or placed under the skin.

subfusc: A dark, muted color scheme, often associated with academic dress.

subjective idealism: A philosophical theory positing that the only knowable realities are those perceived by subjective experience.

suborn: To bribe someone to commit an unlawful act.

subsidize: To assist or support financially.

substantiate: To provide evidence to support or prove the truth of something.

sucrose: A common sugar composed of glucose and fructose, typically found in plants.

sui generis: Unique or in a class of its own.

Sumatran: Relating to Sumatra, an island in Indonesia, known for its biodiversity.

sunny-side up: An informal term for eggs fried on one side only, leaving the yolk runny.

supercilious: Behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others.

supervene: To occur as an additional or unexpected event.

supraorbital: Located above the eye socket.

surimi: A processed seafood product made from fish, often used in imitation crab.

susurration: A whispering or rustling sound.

Swaziland: A small landlocked country in southern Africa, known for its rich culture and wildlife.

syllogism: A form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two or more premises.

symptomatic: Serving as a symptom or sign of something; indicating or characteristic of a condition.

syncopation: A musical rhythm that emphasizes the off-beat or weak beats in a measure.

synecdoche: A figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa.

synizesis: The phenomenon in poetry of two or more syllables pronounced as one.

tacamahac: A material used by indigenous peoples to make ceremonial or traditional objects.

taeniacide: A medication or substance used to kill tapeworms.

tahsildar: An officer in India who collects revenue and maintains land records at the sub-district level.

tallyho: A cry used in hunting, particularly in fox hunting, to announce the sighting of a fox.

tangential: Relating to or along a tangent; diverging from the main point or line of discussion.

Tanzania: A country in East Africa known for its wildlife and natural attractions, including Mount Kilimanjaro.

Tappan Zee: A bridge in New York that spans the Hudson River, connecting Tarrytown and Nyack.

tarot: A deck of cards often used for divination or fortune-telling.

tartuffery: A term used to describe hypocritical pretense, especially in relation to piety or virtue.

tautonym: A scientific name, especially for animals, where the genus and species names are the same.

Tay-Sachs disease: A genetic disorder that results in the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, often affecting infants.

tchotchke: A small trinket or miscellaneous item, often of little value.

teetotaler: A person who abstains from drinking alcohol.

telemarketer: A person who makes telephone calls to sell products or services.

telomere: A compound structure at the end of a chromosome that protects the chromosome from deterioration.

template: A pre-designed document or file that serves as a starting point for a new document.

tenebrous: Dark, shadowy, or obscure.

terpsichorean: Relating to dance.

terrigenous: Derived from land; especially used in reference to sediments brought to the ocean from the land.

tessellate: To form a mosaic or pattern by fitting together closely-shaped pieces.

testaceous: Having a shell; often used to describe certain types of creatures or minerals.

tête-à-tête: A private conversation between two people.

Tetragrammaton: The four-letter Hebrew name of God, YHWH, considered sacred in Judaism.

thanatopsis: A meditation on death; reflection on mortality.

thematic: Relating to or having a theme.

theophany: A visible manifestation of a deity to a human being.

theurgy: A practice of rituals believed to invoke the presence of divine powers.

thole pin: A pivot pin on a canoe that holds the oar in place.

threnody: A lament or song of mourning.

Tiananmen Square: A famous public square in Beijing, China, known for historic protests and demonstrations.

tilapia: A type of freshwater fish, popular in aquaculture for its mild taste and high protein content.

tinamou: A group of birds related to quail, typically found in Central and South America.

Tipperary: A county in Ireland known for its scenic landscapes.

tiramisu: An Italian dessert made of layers of coffee-soaked ladyfingers and mascarpone cheese.

Tishri: The seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, often associated with several Jewish holidays.

titubation: Staggering or unsteadiness in gait, often associated with intoxication.

toheroa: A large surf clam found in New Zealand, traditionally harvested by Māori.

tomatillo: A small green fruit with a husk, often used in Mexican cuisine.

tontine: A financial agreement where the income generated is distributed among members until the last one survives.

topography: The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area.

toreador: A bullfighter or one who participates in bullfighting events.

totalitarianism: A system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state.

toxicology: The study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms.

trachea: The airway commonly known as the windpipe that connects the throat to the lungs.

transcendent: Beyond or above the ordinary range of physical human experience.

transgressor: A person who goes beyond the bounds of morality or law; one who violates a law or command.

transmute: To change in form, appearance, or nature.

transparent: Allowing light to pass through such that objects behind can be distinctly seen.

Transylvania: A region in central Romania known for its medieval castles and associations with Dracula.

trapunto: A quilting technique creating a raised pattern in the fabric.

trenchant: Vigorous or incisive in expression or style; sharp clear-mindedness.

tribrach: A metrical foot consisting of three short or unstressed syllables.

trichromatic: Having or involving three colors; often used in relation to color vision.

triglyph: An architectural element consisting of three vertical grooves found in Doric friezes.

triphthong: A complex vowel sound that begins with one vowel sound and glides into another within the same syllable.

trivialize: To make something seem less important or significant.

troglodyte: A prehistoric human; also used to describe a person who is reclusive or out of touch with modern society.

troposphere: The lowest region of the atmosphere where weather occurs, extending from the earth's surface to about 8-15 kilometers.

Tuareg: A semi-nomadic people inhabiting the Sahara Desert region.

Tucson: A city in southern Arizona, known for its desert landscape and rich Native American history.

tumultuary: Marked by a disturbance; chaotic or disorderly.

tumulus: A mound of earth and stones raised over a grave, often associated with burial practices.

Turkistan: A region in Central Asia historically populated by Turkic peoples.

Tuscany: A region in central Italy known for its landscapes, history, and art.

tympanum: An architectural term for the space enclosed by a lintel and an arch over a doorway.

uitlander: A Dutch term referring to foreign nationals living in South Africa, especially during the Boer War era.

umbrageously: Done in a manner that is resentful or inclined to take offense; often reflecting a shadowy or obstructive nature.

unachievable: Not able to be accomplished or attained.

unassailable: Unable to be attacked or defeated; immune from questioning.

unbundling: The process of separating bundled services or products, allowing them to be sold independently.

unciform: Shaped like a hook; used in anatomy to describe certain bones.

uncommitted: Not bound by a pledge or commitment; independent.

Uncompahgre Plateau: A geographical region in Colorado, known for its scenic beauty.

underemployed: Working at jobs that do not utilize a person's skills or education effectively.

understratum: The underlying layer of earth or a substrate; foundational material in geology.

unfounded: Not based on fact or reality; without basis.

unifoliate: Having a single leaf; often used in botany to describe plant structure.

unilateral: Relating to or occurring on one side; often used in the context of decisions made by one party without the agreement of others.

uniparous: Referring to organisms that produce one offspring at a time.

Universal Product Code (UPC): A barcode used widely for tracking products in stores.

unmitigated: Absolute; not softened or lessened.

unmortise: To remove or dismantle a mortised connection in woodworking or construction.

unpaginated: Not numbered or listed in sequence; often used to refer to books or documents without page numbers.

unpalatable: Unpleasant to taste; difficult to accept or deal with.

unplumbed: Not measured or explored; unknown depths.

unquenchable: Impossible to satisfy or extinguish; often used in reference to desires or thirsts.

unsusceptible: Not susceptible; resistant to influence or change.

unwieldy: Difficult to carry or manage because of size, shape, or complexity.

upwelling: The process whereby deep, cold, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface, often supporting marine ecosystems.

urceolate: Shaped like a bottle; typically used in botanical descriptions.

uxorial: Relating to a wife; marital or conjugal.

vacillation: The inability to decide between two or more courses of action; indecisiveness.

vagility: The ability to move or migrate freely or easily.

vagus nerve: The tenth cranial nerve, involved in autonomic control functions including heart rate and digestion.

Valkyrie: In Norse mythology, a warrior maidservant of Odin, who chooses those who may die and those who may live in battles.

vallecula: A small valley or depression; often physiological in nature, referring to anatomical recesses.

valvular: Relating to valves, particularly in the heart or other structures that regulate flow.

van der Waals: A type of intermolecular force that includes attractions between molecules that are not due to covalent bonds or ionic bonds.

Vancouver: A city on the west coast of Canada, known for its scenic landscapes and multiculturalism.

varicotomy: A surgical procedure involving the removal of varicose veins.

variolite: A type of volcanic rock characterized by its pattern of globular structures.

vassalage: A system in feudal society wherein a vassal holds land from a lord in exchange for loyalty and service.

vaudevillian: Relating to a style of entertainment that includes singing, dancing, and comedy, particularly in theater.

Veda: A large body of texts originating in ancient India, composed in early Sanskrit and forming the basis of Hindu scripture.

velarize: To cause or produce a sound articulated with the back of the tongue against the soft palate.

velour: A type of plush fabric used in clothing and upholstery, characterized by its soft texture.

vendue: A public sale in which property or goods are sold to the highest bidder.

Venn diagram: A diagram that shows all possible logical relations between a finite collection of different sets.

ventriloquial: Relating to or characteristic of ventriloquism, where a person is able to speak without moving their lips.

venture capital: Financing for startups or small businesses with perceived long-term growth potential; often involves high risk.

verbalization: The process of expressing thoughts or ideas in words.

verismo: A style in art and literature aimed at depicting everyday life and realism.

vernissage: A private viewing of artwork before it goes on public display, typically held for invited guests.

vers libre: A French term for free verse poetry that does not conform to traditional meter or rhyme schemes.

verticillate: Arranged in whorls; circular or spiral formation, often used in botany.

vertiginous: Whirling, dizzy; causing or experiencing vertigo.

Vespucci: Named after Amerigo Vespucci, an Italian explorer whose name was used to designate the Americas.

vetiver: A fragrant grass native to India, often used in perfumes and aromatherapy.

vexatious: Causing annoyance, frustration, or worry.

vibratile: Capable of vibrating or causing vibration.

vicennial: Occurring every twenty years.

victimize: To make a victim of; to subject to oppression or unfair treatment.

Vietnamese: Pertaining to Vietnam, its people, language, or culture.

vilipend: To regard or treat someone or something with contempt or disdain.

viraginous: Characterized by a woman’s domineering, aggressive, or masculine qualities.

virtuosity: Great skill in music or another artistic pursuit.

Visigoth: A member of the western branch of the Goths, an ancient Germanic tribe that invaded the Roman Empire.

vitelline: Relating to the yolk of an egg, particularly in terms of color and nutrient content.

vitriolic: Filled with bitter criticism or malice.

vivify: To give life to; enliven.

vizier: A high-ranking political advisor or minister in some Islamic countries.

voidable: Capable of being declared invalid or unenforceable.

volatility: The quality of being prone to rapid and unpredictable change, often used in financial contexts.

vorticism: A 20th-century art movement characterized by dynamic movement and the idea of energy and activity.

vox populi: The voice of the people; public opinion.

vulpine: Relating to or resembling a fox.

Waikiki: A beach neighborhood in Honolulu, Hawaii, known for its stunning beaches and vibrant nightlife.

Walden Pond: A famous pond in Massachusetts, known for its association with writer Henry David Thoreau and nature.

Walter Mitty: A character in James Thurber's story, used to describe someone who lives in a world of fantastic daydreams.

wanderoo: A species of monkey native to Madagascar.

warrantee: A person who is given a warranty or guarantee on a product.

washeteria: A laundromat or laundry facility.

watermark: A recognizable image or pattern in paper that appears lighter than the rest of the paper when held up to the light.

Waziristan: A region in Pakistan known for its mountainous terrain and tribal areas.

Wellington boot: A waterproof boot, typically made from rubber, used for wet conditions.

whetstone: A stone used for sharpening blades or tools.

whinchat: A small bird that breeds across northern Europe, known for its characteristic song.

whiskbroom: A small broom typically used to sweep surfaces such as tabletops or vehicles.

whistle-stop: Being a brief visit to a series of small towns, usually used in the context of political campaigns.

whiz-bang: Remarkably good or impressive; fast-moving and exciting.

wholehearted: Showing or characterized by complete sincerity and commitment.

wildebeest: A large African antelope also known as the gnu, known for its migration across the plains of East Africa.

willy-nilly: Whether one likes it or not; involuntarily.

Windsor knot: A method of tying a necktie with a wide triangular shape.

wiretap: To secretly listen to or record a telephone conversation.

wisteria: A climbing plant with drooping clusters of bluish or violet flowers, often grown for decorative purposes.

wondrous: Extremely good or admirable; remarkable.

woolsorter’s disease: A lung disease caused by inhaling dust and fibers from raw wool.

wordsmith: A person skilled in using words; a writer or author.

worry beads: A string of beads used for keeping one's hands busy or for meditation to alleviate anxiety.

writ of error: A formal written order from a higher court to correct a lower court's ruling.

xanthoma: A skin condition characterized by yellowish patches, often relating to cholesterol levels.

xenolith: A piece of rock trapped in another type of rock.

xerosis: Abnormal dryness of the skin or mucous membranes.

Xhosa: A Bantu ethnic group from South Africa, known for their distinct language and cultural practices.

XY recorder: A device for recording X and Y coordinates, often used in scientific research.

Yahwist: Referring to the belief in a particular tradition in the Hebrew Bible that emphasizes God’s intimacy with humanity.

Yamamoto: Often associated with Isoroku Yamamoto, a Japanese marshal admiral and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II.

Yaqui: An indigenous people native to Mexico and the southern United States, known for their unique cultural heritage.

yaupon: A species of holly native to the southeastern United States, known for its caffeinated leaves used historically as tea.

yellowfin tuna: A species of tuna characterized by its yellow fins and prized for its culinary value.

yerba buena: A term referring to various kinds of aromatic herbs, often used in traditional remedies.

ylem: A term in physics referring to the primordial substance from which the universe was formed.

Yuchi: A Native American tribe originally from the southeastern United States.

Yukon Territory: A territory in northwestern Canada, known for its vast wilderness.

zaibatsu: A large Japanese business conglomerate or financial syndicate.

Zaire: The former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo; used during the period from 1971 to 1997.

zareba: An enclosure made of thorny branches used in African fencing.

zedonk: A hybrid between a zebra and a donkey.

zero-defect: A quality management concept aiming to minimize defects or errors in products and processes.

zinc oxide: A chemical compound used in creams, ointments, and as a sunscreen for protection against UV rays.

Zionism: A nationalist movement aiming at establishing and supporting a Jewish nation or state in the territory known as Israel.

zootechny: The branch of science that deals with the breeding and husbandry of animals.

zygodactyl: Referring to a type of foot structure where two toes face forward and two backward, common in some birds.