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• Credit: Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman, David Sang Cambridge Checkpoint Science Coursebook 8

  • Publisher: Cambridge University Press

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• Publication Details:

  • Cambridge University Press, 2013.

  • Printed in the UK by Cambrian Printers Ltd.

  • ISBN: 978-1-107-65935-3

  • All rights reserved.

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• Introduction:

  • Welcome to Cambridge Secondary 1 Science Course.

  • Covers Year 2, Stage 8 of Cambridge Secondary 1 Science curriculum.

  • The book helps students become good scientists and prepares them for the Progression Test.

• Main Areas of Science (3 Sections):

  • Biology: Study of living organisms.

  • Chemistry: Study of substances (Earth and Universe).

  • Physics: Study of nature, properties of matter, energy, forces.

• Scientific Methodology:

  • Learn to think like a scientist through experiments and data collection.

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• Contents Overview:

  • Comprehensive section breakdown covering Biology, Chemistry, and Physics topics throughout the course.

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• More Detailed Contents:

  • Several units including Plants, Food and Digestion, Circulatory System, Respiration, Reproduction, and more, with detailed subtopics.

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• Photosynthesis (1.1):

  • Energy Source: Plants obtain energy from light and convert this energy into food.

  • Food Chain: Starts with plants as the primary source.

  • Process: 'Photosynthesis' means 'making with light'.

• Diagram of Food Chain:

  • Grass → Cricket → Spider → Small Bird → Hawk

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• Photosynthesis Essentials:

  • Requirements: Developed by plants using water, light, and carbon dioxide.

  • Outputs: Food (glucose) and oxygen.

  • Biomass: Newly formed living mass in plants.

• Activity Involvement:

  • Suggested activity to observe the impact of light on plant growth.

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• Leaves (1.2):

  • Main Function: Photosynthesis mainly occurs in leaves.

  • Chlorophyll: Green pigment essential for capturing light energy.

• Leaf Structure:

  • Composition: Thin, so light penetrates effectively. Contains veins for water transport.

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• Inside a Leaf:

  • Adaptations: Various internal structures support the photosynthesis process.

  • Stomata: Small openings that allow gas exchange (CO2 and O2).

• Activities:

  • Experiment suggestion to observe stomata influence on gas exchange.

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• Investigating Photosynthesis (1.3):

  • Gas Collection Experiment: To determine if a leaf is photosynthesizing by measuring oxygen output.

• Activity Example:

  • Steps provided for setting up a gas collection experiment.

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• Rate of Photosynthesis Investigation:

  • Plan to understand impact of light intensity on photosynthesis rate.

• Conclusions:

  • Importance of result comparisons with predictions.

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• Roots (1.4):

  • Functions of Roots: Absorb water and minerals, anchor the plant, and store food.

  • Activity Suggestion: Investigation involving food storage in root vegetables.

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• Root Hairs Insight:

  • Specialized structures to aid in water absorption.

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• Water and Mineral Transport (1.5):

  • Xylem Vessels: Structures transporting water and nutrients from roots to leaves.

• Activities:

  • Experiments suggesting methods to visualize transport in celery.

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• Xylem Strength:

  • Essential for water support and nutrient transportation in plants.

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• End of Unit Questions (1):

  • Questions regarding the basics of photosynthesis processes and components.

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• End of Unit Activity:

  • Practical tests related to seaweed photosynthesis, questions from evidence gathered.

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• Nutrients (2.1):

  • Overview of dietary nutrients: Proteins, carbs, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

• Nutrient Functions:

  • Overview of how different nutrients contribute to health.

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• Nutrient Testing Activities:

  • Testing for starch or sugar presence in various food items.

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• Balanced Diet (2.2):

  • Importance of varied nutrient intake for human health.

• Food Groups Analysis:

  • Overview of different food categories and associated nutritional information.

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• Dietary Recommendations:

  • Guidelines on maintaining healthy nutrition.

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• Digestion (2.3):

  • Summary of the alimentary canal and nutrient absorption processes.

• Activity Proposal:

  • Experiment testing water and nutrient absorption via Visking tubing.

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• Digestive System Components:

  • Explanation of various organs involved in digestion.

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• Reproductive System (5):

  • Overview of human reproductive anatomy and function in gamete production.

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• Human Digestive Overview:

  • Description of digestive processes and organ interaction.

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• Teeth and Oral Health (2.5):

  • Function of different teeth types in human anatomy.

• Dental Hygiene Activities:

  • Experimentation related to the effect of different substances on dental health.

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• Enzymatic Action (2.6):

  • Role of enzymes in breaking down food substances.

• Experiment on Enzyme Activity:

  • Insights into the presence of starch in food items.

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• End of Unit Questions (2):

  • Multiple-choice and descriptive questions related to digestive processes and enzyme actions, aimed at reinforcing learning.

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• Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Overview (3 and 4):

  • Detailed information on human anatomy related to circulation and respiration processes.

• Practical Learning Activities:

  • Engaging experiments to explore heart rates, circulation, and oxygenation processes.

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• Vision of Circulatory System through Models:

  • Options for investigative methods using practical applications to solidify concepts.

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• End of Unit Questions and Experiments:

  • inquiry-based learning questions to solidify understanding and engagement opportunities related to human biology.

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• Musical Science and Sound Vibrations:

  • In-depth exploration of sound properties, instruments, and related measurements.

• Practical Learning Opportunities in Sound:

  • Activities designed to enhance understanding of sound barriers and waveforms.

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• Light Overview:

  • Discussion on the nature of light, reflection, and refraction concepts.

• Practical Activities:

  • Opportunities to visualize light properties through glass prisms and rays.

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• Chemistry Fundamentals and Element Composition:

  • Basics of atoms, molecules, compounds, and their chemical relationships.

• Periodic Table Navigation:

  • Introduction and significance of the periodic table and element classification.

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• Scientific Explanations with Laboratory Work:

  • Activities challenging students to interact and discover in lab settings, enhancing retention.

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• End-of-chapter comprehensive layout of difficult concepts

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• Various types of reactions & Their Environmental Impacts:

  • Overview of chemical reactions and practical application within environmental health studies.

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• Material Changes Introductions:

  • How physical and chemical properties influence material use and categorization.

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• Conservation of Matter & Challenges in chemical reactions:

  • Set of open-ended questions for deeper inquiry on students’ understanding.

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• Measuring and Experimentation:

  • Foundations for using measurements accurately and data representation for science lab experiments.

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• Introduction to Forces in Motion:

  • All about the principles behind moving objects.

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• Light Study and Reflection/Refraction Overview:

  • Methodical breakdown of light properties and their implications in various environments.

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• Magnetism Introduction and Experiments:

  • Detailed discussion of magnetic field properties and applied magnetic science through experiments.

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• Units of Measurement and Data Representation:

  • Applications of units in more complex experimental designs.

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• Exam Preparation for Key Terminologies:

  • Glossary of frequently used terminology and definitions for easy reference.

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• Acknowledgments for Contributions and visibility of various resources cited:

  • Detailed credits for materials included in content.