CRUDE/BIRTHRATE - The number of children born alive each year per 1,000 population (often shortened to birth rate). DEATH RATE - The yearly number of deaths per 1,000 population. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION - The phasing-out process of population growth rates from a virtually stagnant growth stage characterized by high birthrates and death rates, through a rapid-growth stage with high birthrates and low death rates, to a stable, low-growth stage in which both birth and death rates are low. DOUBLING TIME - Period that a given population or other q by itauantity takes to increase by its present size. FAMILY-PLANNING PROGRAMS - Public programs designed to help parents plan and regulate their family size in accordance with their ability to support a family. FERTILITY RATE - A population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime, if they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates through their lifetime, and they were to live from birth until the end of their reproductive life. HIDDEN MOMENTUM OF POPULATION GROWTH - A dynamic latent process of population increase that continues even after a fall in birthrates, because of a large youthful population that widens the population's parent base. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH - The number of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the cross section of population at the time of their birth. MALTHUSIAN POPULATION TRAP - An inevitable an inevitable population level envisaged by thomas malthus (1766 1834) at which population increase was bound to stop because after that level, life-sustaining resources, which increase arithmetic rate, would be insufficient to support human population, which increases a geometric rate. MICROECONOMIC THEORY OF FERTILITY - An extension of the theory of consumer behavior of individual couples MORTALITY OR DEATH RATE - Is the proportion of a population who die of a defined cause. NATURAL INCREASE - The difference between the birth rate and death rate of a given population NET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION - The excess of persons migrating into a country over those who emigrate from that country POPULATION-POVERTY CYCLE - A theory to explain how poverty and high population growth POPULATION PYRAMID - Graphical depiction of the age structure of the population, with age cohort plotted on the vertical axis and numbers of males and females in each cohort on the horizontal axis. RATE OF POPULATION INCREASE - The growth rate of a population, calculated as the natural increase after adjusting for immigration and emigration REPRODUCTIVE CHOICE - Means that women have a right to choose whether or not to reproduce, including the right to decide whether to carry or terminate an unwanted pregnancy and the right to choose their preferred method of family planning and contraception. TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (TFR) - The number of children that would be born to a women if she were live to the end of her childbreaing years and bear children accordance with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates. THE UNDER-5 MORTALITY RATE - Refers to the probability a newborn would die before reaching exactly 5 years of age, expressed per 1,000 live births. YOUTH DEPENDENCY RATIO - The proportion of young people under age 15 to the working population aged 16-64 in a country