APUSH Period 2 Vocab

New Netherland -

established Dutch West India Company for quick profit and fur trade another rival to England in the New World =

 Jamestown - 

the first permanent British colony in the new world established by the Virginia Company

 Chesapeake Bay -

 George Calvert wanted to create a colony for real estate and refuge for the English Catholics Catholics ended up being a minority leading to the Maryland Toleration Act tension between the Protestant majority and Catholic minority

 tobacco - 

cash crop grown in the colonies especially Virginia and Maryland and was a major export crop

 indentured servants - 

primarily White English immigrants who had a contract / indenture that bound them to work for a set period of time to repay cost of traveling and living in Virginia

 New England - 

Puritans who didn't enjoy life after moving to the Netherlands travel to the new world with the help of the Virginia Company also Drew up the Mayflower Compact

 Puritans - 

English people who believe the church wasn't reformed enough they wanted to change and purify the church by simplifying warship and reforming the leadership of the church

“city on a hill’” - 

Governor Winthrop and others founders of the Puritan colony believe they were building a holy Commonwealth for the corrupt world to see and copy

 middle colonies -

 diverse populations and strong economies based on agriculture and trade New York New Jersey Pennsylvania and Delaware

 Town meetings- 

 in New England where local citizens gathered to discuss and vote on issues

 Colonial assemblies - 

legislative bodies were elected representatives made laws and decisions in their regions

 Bacon's Rebellion - 

bacon relative of Virginia's Governor believes that he and other new Backcountry lands of the West Gentry were being treated unfairly and should be allowed to go west to take more land

 King Philip's War - 

metacom and other native groups attempted to drive out the English and attacked but settlers won after allying with the mohawks

 head right system - 

during tobacco economy to entice new workers to Virginia head rights acre grants of land were given to new settlers

 salutary neglect - 

unofficial policy by England to not strictly enforce trade laws to maintain Colonial loyalty to the crown

 Pueblo Revolt -

 Native American Uprising in New Mexico to expel Spanish settlers

 Quakers - 

rejected predestination which is when God already chose who was sent to heaven and original sin that all people are born sinful and thought that you could attain salvation

 Spanish missions- 

religious communities established by Spanish colonizers to convert natives to Christianity and control lands

 first grade awakening - 

challenge traditions of power and deference started by Puritans allowed people to break away from families and communities to start a new with their relationships with God

Enlightenment - 

a product of scientific and intellectual discoveries in Europe that revealed natural laws and promoted human reason

Mercantilism- 

economic system where Nations believe their wealth and power dependent on accumulating gold and silver through trade and export

 chattel slavery - 

system we're enslaved individuals were treated as property and had no right

 Navigation Acts -

 passed by British Parliament to keep Dutch ships out of British colonies made English taxation high and only English ships could trade

 triangle trade - 

rum and goods were sent from New England to Africa enslaved workers to the West Indies then exchange enslaved for sugar and molasses and then that was shipped back to New England to become rum

 middle passage - 

the long transatlantic Journey to the Americas or the Caribbean of Africans

 Stono rebellion - 

in South Carolina 100 enslaved Seas weapons and killed several whites trying to escape South to Florida