Untitled Flashcards Set

Flashcard #1 \n**Term:** Ohio Gang \n**Definition:** Nickname of President Warren G. Harding’s close friends which he hired that ended up being corrupt.

**Flashcard #2** \n**Term:** Herbert Hoover \n**Definition:** Appointed by Harding as Secretary of Commerce because of his famed work with the Belgians (feeding during WWI) and wartime food administration.

**Flashcard #3** \n**Term:** William Howard Taft \n**Definition:** Former President of the United States appointed as SCOTUS’s Chief Justice by Harding.

**Flashcard #4** \n**Term:** Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920 \n**Definition:** Returned the railroads back to private ownership; Government had taken over the railroads during WWI.

**Flashcard #5** \n**Term:** Veterans Bureau \n**Definition:** Organization created in 1921 by Congress to look after Veterans Affairs.

**Flashcard #6** \n**Term:** American Legion \n**Definition:** Veterans organization founded in Paris in 1919 by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr.

**Flashcard #7** \n**Term:** Grievance of former “doughboys” from WWI \n**Definition:** They wanted their “dough” $$$.

**Flashcard #8** \n**Term:** Adjusted Compensation Act (1924) \n**Definition:** Legislation passed to appease former WWI Veterans, giving each soldier a paid-up insurance policy due in twenty years.

**Flashcard #9** \n**Term:** United States technically at war with Germany and Austria-Hungary \n**Definition:** Because we rejected the Treaty of Versailles.

**Flashcard #10** \n**Term:** Kellogg-Briand Pact \n**Definition:** Diplomatic bargain between 62 nations initiated by Calvin Coolidge’s Secretary of State, outlawing war between the signatory countries.

**Flashcard #11** \n**Term:** Consequences of the Kellogg-Briand Pact \n**Definition:** The pact outlawed war between the countries which signed but did not have consequences for those that went to war.

**Flashcard #12** \n**Term:** Stimson Doctrine \n**Definition:** U.S. doctrine created to prevent intervention in international events, stating they would not recognize any territory taken by force.

**Flashcard #13** \n**Term:** Aspects of the Stimson Doctrine \n**Definition:** If a country were to invade and take another nation's land, the United States would not recognize that territorial claim.

**Flashcard #14** \n**Term:** High-tariff course by the Republicans \n**Definition:** Caused Europeans producers to feel a squeeze, unable to sell products, thus not able to pay back their war debts.

**Flashcard #15** \n**Term:** Teapot Dome Scandal \n**Definition:** Scandal during the Harding administration involving Albert Fall who leased former navy oil reserves to private oil men for a bribe.

**Flashcard #16** \n**Term:** Cynical saying about rich men and jail \n**Definition:** When the oil men involved in the Teapot Dome scandal were acquitted, the saying was, 'You can’t put a million dollars in jail.'

**Flashcard #17** \n**Term:** Calvin Coolidge \n**Definition:** Successor to Warren G. Harding after his untimely death.

**Flashcard #18** \n**Term:** Coolidge’s philosophy concerning big business \n**Definition:** The Business of America is Business.

**Flashcard #19** \n**Term:** Overwhelming issue facing post-WWI Europe \n**Definition:** International debts.

**Flashcard #20** \n**Term:** Dawes Plan \n**Definition:** U.S. plan to help resolve the issue of international debts, involving loans to Germany.

**Flashcard #21** \n**Term:** Details of the Dawes Plan \n**Definition:** The U.S. would loan Germany money who then would pay Britain and France, who would pay back the U.S. treasury for loans incurred during WWI.

**Flashcard #22** \n**Term:** Republican elected in 1928 after Coolidge \n**Definition:** Herbert Hoover.

**Flashcard #23** \n**Term:** Major problem facing Hoover’s policies \n**Definition:** He didn’t believe in the public “dole”, advocating that people should help themselves.

**Flashcard #24** \n**Term:** Date of the stock market crash \n**Definition:** October 29, 1929.

**Flashcard #25** \n**Term:** Four leading indicators of the Stock Market Crash \n**Definition:** Declining housing starts; Business inventories were up; Stock market was overvalued; People were buying on the margin.

**Flashcard #26** \n**Term:** Five leading causes of the Great Depression \n**Definition:** Farmer overproduction, uneven distribution of income, unbalanced foreign trade, overextended personal debts, mechanized industrialization.

**Flashcard #27** \n**Term:** Hoovervilles \n**Definition:** Shantytowns constructed just outside of major cities housing those who lost their homes.

**Flashcard #28** \n**Term:** Hoover's realization about his theory \n**Definition:** He realized that his theory of rugged individualism was not working.

**Flashcard #29** \n**Term:** Bonus Expeditionary Force \n**Definition:** Called for payment for services rendered in WWI.

**Flashcard #30** \n**Term:** Outcome of the Bonus Expeditionary Force \n**Definition:** Hoover called out the army, including General Douglas MacArthur and Dwight D. Eisenhower, to break up the march.

**Flashcard #31** \n**Term:** Good Neighbor policy \n**Definition:** Type of policy used by Hoover toward Latin American neighbors.