Definition: Matter has mass and volume.
Observable Properties: Hardness, texture, color, flexibility, malleability, electrical conductivity:
Solids & Liquids: These properties are easily studied.
Gases: Properties are not directly measurable; behavior is explained through Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT).
Solid: Particles are very close and move in fixed positions (strong attractions).
Liquid: Particles are far apart and can slide against each other (weaker attractions).
Gas: Particles are far apart with very weak forces of attraction and have no definite shape or volume (freely moving).
Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas |
---|---|---|---|
Shape | Fixed shape | Takes shape of the container | Takes shape of the container |
Volume | Fixed volume | Fixed volume | No definite volume |
Density | Quite high density | High density | Very low density |
Diffusion | No diffusion | Slow diffusion | Rapid diffusion |
Ease of Compression | Difficult to compress | Slightly compressible | Easily compressed |
Explains properties and behavior of gases:
Expresses relationships among pressure, volume, and temperature at a molecular level.
Discusses behavior of atoms and molecules making up gases.
Gases: occupy a small space, can spread, are composed of tiny particles in constant motion.
Increase in temperature causes gas particles to move and spread faster.
Large Number of Particles: Gases consist of a vast number of particles that are very small compared to the distance between them.
Random Motion and Collision: Gas particles move randomly and collide with each other and their container, creating pressure.
Elastic Collisions: Collisions between gas molecules are perfectly elastic, meaning no energy is lost.
Negligible Interactions: Gas particles experience negligible attractions and repulsions.
Kinetic Energy and Temperature: Average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to their temperature (Kelvin).
SCI10 Q4 MOD1.3
Definition: Matter has mass and volume.
Observable Properties: Hardness, texture, color, flexibility, malleability, electrical conductivity:
Solids & Liquids: These properties are easily studied.
Gases: Properties are not directly measurable; behavior is explained through Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT).
Solid: Particles are very close and move in fixed positions (strong attractions).
Liquid: Particles are far apart and can slide against each other (weaker attractions).
Gas: Particles are far apart with very weak forces of attraction and have no definite shape or volume (freely moving).
Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas |
---|---|---|---|
Shape | Fixed shape | Takes shape of the container | Takes shape of the container |
Volume | Fixed volume | Fixed volume | No definite volume |
Density | Quite high density | High density | Very low density |
Diffusion | No diffusion | Slow diffusion | Rapid diffusion |
Ease of Compression | Difficult to compress | Slightly compressible | Easily compressed |
Explains properties and behavior of gases:
Expresses relationships among pressure, volume, and temperature at a molecular level.
Discusses behavior of atoms and molecules making up gases.
Gases: occupy a small space, can spread, are composed of tiny particles in constant motion.
Increase in temperature causes gas particles to move and spread faster.
Large Number of Particles: Gases consist of a vast number of particles that are very small compared to the distance between them.
Random Motion and Collision: Gas particles move randomly and collide with each other and their container, creating pressure.
Elastic Collisions: Collisions between gas molecules are perfectly elastic, meaning no energy is lost.
Negligible Interactions: Gas particles experience negligible attractions and repulsions.
Kinetic Energy and Temperature: Average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to their temperature (Kelvin).