SEHS

Flashcard 1

Q: Identify the major bones in the body.
A: Skull, clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, ribs, sternum, pelvis, femur, tibia, fibula.

Flashcard 2

Q: Identify the major muscles in the body.
A: Deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, rectus abdominis, latissimus dorsi, quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius, soleus.

Flashcard 3

Q: What are the functions of the skeletal system?
A: Support, protection, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage.

Flashcard 4

Q: What are the functions of the muscular system?
A: Movement, posture maintenance, joint stabilization, heat production.

Flashcard 5

Q: What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?
A: The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage; the appendicular skeleton includes the limbs and girdles (shoulder and pelvic).

Flashcard 6

Q: What are the types of bones?
A: Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid.

Flashcard 7

Q: What are the three types of muscle tissue?
A: Skeletal (voluntary), cardiac (involuntary), smooth (involuntary).

Flashcard 8

Q: What are the general characteristics of muscle tissue?
A: Contractility, extensibility, elasticity, excitability.

Flashcard 9

Q: What is an antagonistic pair?
A: A pair of muscles that work together: one contracts while the other relaxes (e.g., biceps and triceps).

Biomechanics

Flashcard 10

Q: Define biomechanics.
A: The study of the mechanical laws relating to the movement of living organisms.

Flashcard 11

Q: What are the three factors affecting stability?
A: Centre of mass, line of gravity, base of support.

Flashcard 12

Q: What are the three types of motion?
A: Linear, angular, general.

Flashcard 13

Q: What are the three factors that impact projectile motion?
A: Angle of release, height of release, speed of release.

Flashcard 14

Q: State Newton’s three laws of motion.
A:

1. Law of Inertia – An object stays at rest or in motion unless acted upon.

2. Law of Acceleration – Force = Mass × Acceleration.

3. Law of Action-Reaction – Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Sport Psychology

Flashcard 15

Q: Define personality.
A: The unique characteristics and behaviors that define an individual.

Flashcard 16

Q: What is social learning theory in sports?
A: Athletes learn behaviors by observing and imitating role models.

Flashcard 17

Q: What is the interactionist approach?
A: Behavior is influenced by both personality and the environment.

Flashcard 18

Q: What are process, outcome, and performance goals?
A:

• Process: Focus on technique (e.g., improving swimming stroke).

• Outcome: Focus on the end result (e.g., winning a race).

• Performance: Focus on individual improvement (e.g., beating a personal record).

Flashcard 19

Q: Define motivation.
A: The internal or external drive to achieve a goal.

Flashcard 20

Q: What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
A: Intrinsic is self-driven (e.g., personal satisfaction), extrinsic comes from external rewards (e.g., medals).

Flashcard 21

Q: Define arousal.
A: A state of mental and physical readiness for action.

Flashcard 22

Q: What is the inverted U theory?
A: Performance increases with arousal to a point, then declines if arousal is too high.

Flashcard 23

Q: What are somatic and cognitive anxiety?
A:

• Somatic: Physical symptoms (e.g., sweating, shaking).

• Cognitive: Mental symptoms (e.g., worry, self-doubt).

Psychological Skills Training (PSTs)

Flashcard 24

Q: What is imagery in sports psychology?
A: Mentally visualizing a skill or performance to enhance focus and confidence.

Flashcard 25

Q: What is PMR (Progressive Muscle Relaxation)?
A: A relaxation technique that reduces muscle tension and stress.

Flashcard 26

Q: How does controlled breathing help athletes?
A: Lowers stress, improves focus, and regulates heart rate.

Flashcard 27

Q: What is positive self-talk?
A: Encouraging internal dialogue to boost confidence.

Flashcard 28

Q: What is thought-stopping and refocusing?
A: Stopping negative thoughts and redirecting focus to performance.

Statistical Analysis

Flashcard 29

Q: Define standard deviation.
A: A measure of how spread out data points are in a dataset.

Flashcard 30

Q: What do error bars represent in data analysis?
A: The variability of data and potential uncertainty in measurements.

Flashcard 31

Q: Why is the PAR-Q (Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire) important?
A: It assesses an individual's readiness for physical activity and identifies health risks.