Kinematics-and-Dynamics-Unlocking-Motions-Secrets

Page 1: Kinematics & Dynamics - Introduction

• Introduction to Kinematics and Dynamics

  • Explores the essential principles of motion.

  • From simple linear paths to complex rotational maneuvers.

  • Focuses on tools and techniques for describing, analyzing, and predicting motion.

  • Fundamental for understanding mechanics of the universe.

  • Presenter: Danielle Harder

Page 2: Kinematics: Describing Motion

Fundamental Concepts

• Kinematics

  • Branch of mechanics focusing on motion without consideration of forces.

Key Concepts in Kinematics

• Displacement

  • Change in position of an object; a vector quantity.

• Velocity

  • Rate of change of displacement over time; vector quantity (magnitude and direction).

• Acceleration

  • Rate of change of velocity; also a vector quantity.

Page 3: Kinematic Equations

Problem-Solving Toolkit

• Kinematic equations

  • Set of formulas linking displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time.

• Applications

  • Used to predict final velocity or position in linear or rotational motion under constant acceleration.

Steps to Use Kinematic Equations

1. Identify Knowns

• List given values.

2. Choose Equation

• Select appropriate formula.

3. Solve

• Plug in values.

4. Check

• Ensure solution is logical and accurate.

Page 4: Dynamics: The 'Why' Behind Motion

Forces and Newton's Laws

• Dynamics

  • Focuses on the forces causing acceleration or deceleration in objects.

Newton's Laws of Motion

• First Law (Law of Inertia)

  • An object remains at rest or in uniform motion until acted upon by a net force.

• Second Law

  • Force ( F) equals mass (m) times acceleration (a): F = ma.

• Third Law

  • For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Page 5: Torque and Rotational Inertia

Understanding Rotational Dynamics

• Torque

  • Twisting force causing rotation; analogous to force in linear motion.

• Rotational Inertia

  • Resistance to changes in rotational motion; depends on mass distribution and axis of rotation.

Key Concepts

1. Torque

2. Rotational Inertia

3. Angular Momentum

• Measures an object's rotation.

Page 6: Combining Translation & Rotation

Real-World Examples

• Rolling Without Slipping

  • Relations between translational and rotational motion, e.g., a wheel.

• Condition: Linear speed of wheel's edge equals product of radius and angular speed.

Key Components

1. Friction

2. Translation

3. Rotation

Page 7: Case Study: Projectile Motion with Air Resistance

Analysis of Projectile Motion

• Air Resistance (Drag)

  • Opposes object motion; influenced by shape, size, speed, and air density.

• Trajectory and Impact

  • Significant in realistic motion analysis; numerical methods needed to solve.

Page 8: Conclusion: Kinematics and Dynamics - Engineering Applications

Importance in Engineering

• Applications

  • Kinematics and dynamics crucial in various engineering fields such as robotics, automotive, aerospace, and structural design.

• Outcome

  • Knowledge aids in creating innovative solutions and solving complex engineering problems.