• franklin pierce

  • one of the worst presidents probably

  • president during antibellum period

  • union is falling apart

  • weak president who did not take a strong stance on slavery

    • buchanan in 1856…

      • when lincoln was elected, not an abolitionist, and south was like bye i’m leaving the union

  • kansas nebraska act

    • bleeding kansas

  • publication of uncle toms cabin

• manifest destiny - motivation for westward migration

  • o sullivan

  • to possess the whole continent from sea to sea

  • who gave them that destiny - GOD!!!!!!

  • god given right to have a nation that extends from the Atlantic to pacific.+ later islands in pacific and carribean

• contributed to resolving slavery -

  • compromise of 1850

  • Kansas nebraska act

  • dred scott decision

• confedereate states of America - led by Jefferson Davis

• union won because

  • superior strategy

  • more resources

  • larger population

  • stronger infrastructure

• emancipation proclamation

MEXICAN GOVT

• immigrants must convert to roman catholicism

• outlawed slavery there

• Mexico went and shut down the border to any further immigration

  • americans kept coming anyways

  • new dictator wanted to clamp down on texan immigrants

  • sam Houston said they were INDEPEDNENT

    • victory at alamo

    • san jacinto

ORGEON TERRITORY

• british said it was theirs bc they had a fur trade and had it for longer

• america has been settling there in far greater numbers tho

• election of JAMES K POLK

  • wanted america to annex California, Texas, and Oregon territory

  • Tyler used it to push through annexation of texas

  • polk made agreement with british and it was divided at the 49th parellel

• america asked Mexico to sell them more land like New Mexico + calfironia

• Zachary Taylor at rio grande

  • polk was outraged

  • TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO

    • rio grande was the southern border of texas

    • deal for Mexican cession - California & New Mexico for $15

  • GADSDEN PURCHACE

    • Mexico lost more than half of its territory oopsie

  • David wilmot

    • WILMOT PROVISO - any lands gained in Mexican american war are OFF LIMITS FOR SLAVERY

      • FIRST ROUND THAT LED US TO CIVIL WAR

        • voted down

        • growing tension of slavery question

        • people who voted it down believed in free soil - additional land for homesteaders to settle on w/o competition from the system of slavery

      • non American people in the land

        • most stayed put

        • MEXICANS - granted citizenship

        • INDIANS - ……… no such offer

        • both faced voter and education discrimination

• compromise fo 1850

  • southern

    • slavery was a constitituojnal right

    • slavery had alr been decided in Missouri compromie, drew the line

  • abolitionists

    • wanted ban everywehre

    • FREE SOIL PARTY

  • popular sovereignty - people living in the territory can decide for themselves

1. california was free state

2. nevada and utah - popular sovreignty

3. fugitive slave act

4. slave trade banned in Washington DC

• cultural enclaves

• Irish in NYC

  • lived in slums

• germans were in urban locations or went WEST

• NATIVIST MOVEMENT - protecting native born people against immigrants

  • Irish were also catholic christians, NOT PROTESTANT…

• KNOW NOTHING PARTY

• northern economuy

  • stimulated by free wage labors

  • growing population

  • didnt object to expansion of slavery for moral, but for ECONOMIC

    • slave states made it impossible for free wage laborers to compete for jobs

    • free soil movement - supported wilmot proviso

      • did not want to abolish slavery, just didnt want it to EXPAND.

• southern

  • enslaved labor

those who wanted to ban slavery everywhere, ABOLITIONISTS

• the liberator - garrison

• underground railroad

• JOHN BROWN

  • fierce abolitionist

  • slave uprising

  • raid at harpers ferry

• failure of compromise pre civil war

  • Stephen Douglas

  • kansas nebraska act

  • popular sovereignty

  • violence in kansas

    • pro slavery vs anti slavery

    • pro slavery - LECOMPTON

    • Franklin pierce recognized lecompton

• dred scott

  • slaves are not rly peopel

• whig party - divided into cotton whigs and conscience whigs

• Democratic Party gained strength as pro slavery party

• Republican Party was born -

  • know nothing party

  • abolitionists

  • free soilers

  • conscience whigs

  • SLAVERY SHOUDL NTO SPREAD

election of 1860

• abe Lincoln - fre soil - keep slavery from expanding in new terrotiries

• south hated lincoln

• each state drafted articles of secession explaining reason for leaving the union

  • slavery must be protected

• anaconda plan

• Britain and france relief on exported southern cotton so KING COTTON would convince them. unfortunately, both of them realized the could get it from india or egypt

• british had abolished slavery so couldn’t fight for south