1. What happens during DNA transcription?
During DNA transcription the DNA message is converted into an RNA molecule. 1st the DNA unzips into 2 separate stands 2. Free floating RNA nitrogen bases in the nucleus pair up w/unzipped DNA nitrogen bases 3. After all the spring is done: a single strand of RNA has been produced 4.Genetic doe from DNA is transferred to mRNA 5. The code obtained fromDNA lets the mRNA know which amino acids to pick up. |
2. What happens during DNA translation?
During DNA translation the RNA message is used to assemble amino acids into a protein chain. The message is translated into specific amino acids which will form protein. 1.Translation begins when mRNA binds to the ribosome in the cell.
2.As each codon moves through the ribosome, the proper amino acid is brought in by tRNA.
3. tRNA molecules act as the interpreters of the mRNA codon sequence.
4. tRNA has three base coding sequences called the anti codon.
5.The ribosomes form a bond between the amino acids.
6. It also breaks the bond between the tRNA and its amino acid, releasing the tRNA molecule.
7.This continues until the ribosome reaches a stop codon
8. Then it releases the newly informed protein and the mRNA molecule. |
3. What does RNA stand for?
RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. |
4. What are the differences between RNA and DNA?
The difference between DNA and RNA is that DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded,they both have different bases,RNA has a different sugar,and instead of thymine, RNA has Uracil. |
5. What nitrogenous bases are in DNA? How do they pair together?
Adenine,Guanine,Thymine,and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases in DNA. Adenine pairs with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine. |
6. What nitrogenous bases are in RNA? How do they pair together?
Adenine,Guanine,Cytosine,and Uracil are nitrogenous bases in RNA. Adenine pairs with Uracil and Guanine pairs with Cytosine. |
7. Name the 3 types of RNA and describe what they do.
1.mRNA (Messenger RNA) carries nucleotides sequence from nucleus to ribosome 2.tRNA (Transfer RNA) picks up amino acids in cytoplasm and carries them to the ribosome. 3.rRNA (Ribosomal RNA) found in the ribosome,joins mRNA and tRNA; forms protein. |
8. What is the correct order of protein synthesis?
DNA —->Transcription —-> RNA —> translation —-> protein |
9. What are proteins made of?
Proteins are made up of amino acids. |
10. What is a polypeptide?
A polypeptide is a string of amino acids. |
11. What is a codon?
A codon is three base code in DNA or mRNA |
12. What is the start codon?
The start codon is always known as AUG or Methionine. |
13. What are the stop codons?
Stop codons are 3 codons that signify the end of the protein like. The stop proteins are always going to be UAA,UGA,UAG. |
14. What is a mutation?
A mutation is a permanent change in the nucleotide sequence in the DNA of an organism. |
15. Explain what happens in the three different types of mutations: Substitution, Insertion and Deletion.
Substitution is when a base is substituted and the new codon codes for a different amino acid. Insertion is when one or more base pairs is added to a sequence. Deletion is when one or more bases is lost from a sequence. |
Knowt
Note
Studied by 517 people
